Openness in education: OER, MOOCs, Examples of Open Education Practices, Situation in Spain and Latin America, a glance on the future,

1. An introduction to openness in
education
Fabio Nascimbeni
UNIR

2. Content
1. Openness in education
2. OER
3. MOOCs
4. Examples of Open Education Practices
5. Spain and Latin America
6. A glance on the future

3. 1. Openness in education

4. • Alternative
copyright
Licensing
• A range of
financial
models
• Affordances
of the
Internet
• Change in
philosophy
Social Technical
LegalFinancial
What has enabled Open Education?

5. The range of "Open"
eInfranet Report – FP7

6. Correspondence
courses, Distance
Universities
open
content
(1998)
1st cMOOC
(2008)
Open Universities (OUUK, OUNL, UOC…)
Increasing number of Open Access
papers & journals
UK Finch report
1st EU MOOC
platform
1985 1990-2000 2001-2002 2006-2011 2012 2013
OU
OER
OA
MOOCs
History of Open Education
1960's–1970's19th
century
Alternative &
Progressive
education
Computer Assisted
Instruction (1970)
Budapest Open
Access Initiative
Non mainstream
education
Digital
learning
resources
Free
Software
/GNU
Creative
Commons
(2002)
Open
Classrooms/Ed
ucation
MIT OCW
(2001)
OER Def.
(UNESCO
2002)
OERuniveristy
1st Stanford
xMOOC
(2011)
Certification
Voukkari 2013

7. 2. OER

8. Open Educational Resources
“...educational materials and resources
offered freely and openly for anyone
to use and under some license to re-
mix, improve and redistribute.”
Atkins et al. 2007; OECD & CERI 2007 or Cape Town Declaration, 2007 or UNESCO and COL 2011.

9. • Make and own copiesRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs

10. OER example: Open Textbooks
•Copy & paste, annotate, highlight √
• Text to speech or hyperlink √
• Format change √
• Move material to other computer √
• Print out √
• Move geographically √
• No expiry date √
• Reuse/Remix/Mash √
• Retain privacy and digital rights √√
Mc Greal 2014

11. Alternative copyright Licensing

12. 3. MOOCs

13. Massive Open Online Courses
(MOOC)
• According to Oxford Dictionary, a
MOOC is a course of study made
available over the Internet without
charge to a very large number of
people
• MOOCs are appealing to the masses
• Can bring a global perspective
Bonvillian, W., & Singer, S. (2013). The Online Challenge to Higher
Education. Issues in Science and Technology. P. 23 – 30.

14. High profile MOOCs
https://wikipedia.org

15. Plourde, M.. Mathplourde on Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/mathplourde/8620174342/sizes/l/in/photostream/
Debate on MOOCs

16. 4. EXAMPLES OF OPEN EDUCATION
PRACTICES

17. The Khan Academy

18. YouTube (with CC licensing)

19. Wikipedia

20. OER Commons

21. Open learning object repository: Merlot

22. Open textbooks: Connexions

23. Wikimedia

24. 5. Spain and Latin America

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Villar-Onrubia, Daniel, Assessing Awareness on Open Education by Means of Online Research Tools (June 17,
2012). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2085585 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2085585

27. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
obstacle. Yet even if OER is translated
to the local language an adaptation
would still be needed.
Contextualization of resources
presents significant obstacles, where
local content development is crucial.
“The simple existence of free and
open material is necessary but
not sufficient for
wide scale
adoption
and use”
Source: Oportunidad project, 2013

28. A glance on the future…

29. The future…
• Challenging traditional
institutions
• New business models
emerging
• Need for appropriate
pedagogies
• Disaggregation of education
– High quality resources
– Learning pathways
– Support
– Accreditation
Source: Coole, 2013

30. https://oerknowledgecloud.com/
www.emundusatlas.org