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1. Treaty of Versailles 1919
• President Wilson (U.S.) wanted the 14 points, including self-
determination for European colonies and all new countries, and a
League of Nations
• France and Britain want hard punishment for Germany
• Germany especially is in chaos, several political parties including
communists, try to overthrow the government
• American congress refuses to join League of Nations
• Russia is in civil war, communists win

2. Treaty of Versailles 1919
LEAGUE OF
NATIONS
TERRITORIAL
CHANGES
MILITARY
RESTRICTIONS
WAR GUILT
International peace
organization.
Similar to United
Nations
Germany looses
territory to
France, Poland, Den
mark
Small German army
100,000 men
Germany must
admit it started the
war
Germany and
Russia not included
Germany looses all
colonies to League
of Nations
(France, Britain)
No new weapons:
tanks, submarines,
airplanes
Germany must pay
reparations (33
billion)
U.S. government
refuses to join
Austria-Hungary
breaks into several
new nations
Cannot put its army
near French border
(Rhineland)
Germany and
Austria cannot
unite
Ottoman Empire
breaks into pieces,
Turkey, and new
Arab countries
governed by League

5. Treaty of Versailles 1919
• Majority of Germans angry about the treaty
• Many people in European colonies that had contributed to the
war effort were angry they did not get independence (Ghandi
starts independence movement in India)
• Start of militant Islam
• Japan & Italy feel they were treated as inferior during
negotiations

6. Chaos in Germany
• Germany prints more $$$ to pay reparations, $$$ becomes
worthless during the 1920’s food riots
• Many new extreme political parties try to overthrow the
government

7. Jewish immigration to Palestine starts
• British and French take control of new Arab countries on behalf of
the League of Nations until these new countries are ready for self-
government (mandates)
• British control Palestine and allow large numbers of Jews to
immigrate there

8. Because British and French control new Arab nations (mandates)
and allow Jewish immigration, we see the start of Militant Islam

9. Some nations under the control of European Imperialism start
small independence movements.
• India – Ghandi begins a small movement that eventually
grows large after WW2 for independence from Britain.
Peaceful protest
• Imperialism still very strong

10. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FILWw07
GNtA
• This 1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J31vkB4Id
S0
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AK3X4Luq
2L0 10 minutes, really good

11. Art and science reflect uncertainty, 1920’s
Chaos Rules
• New artistic movements break traditional rules
• Pablo Picasso - cubism

12. Science and Psychology reflect uncertainty
• Albert Einstein – theory of relativity - physics ……. Space and time
are not constant, nothing is stable, everything is always changing
its shape, mass, size, speed.
• Sigmund Freud – psychologist, - Most human actions are irrational,
beyond reason, mind is ruled by pleasure seeking instincts…. Sex,
ego, safety, greed, etc…… most of the time the conscious part of
the mind is not aware of these instincts and how they control
behavior.

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