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Energia  i  moviment
Moviment
El moviment és relatiu ,[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],En tots dos casos, ens movem o romanem en repòs en funció d’un altre objecte que prenguem com a punt o  sistema de referència . En el primer cas, estem quiets respecte d’una altra persona asseguda però ens movem respecte a un individu que espera el metro a una estació.
[object Object],Per descriure un moviment haurem d’aclarir quin és el punt de referència. La carta es bellugava (quan van fer la foto) respecte a la càmera fotogràfica però romangué quieta respecte de l’ungla del dit polze.
[object Object],Si les circumferències no es mouen, fixeu la mirada al punt del mig i acosteu i allunyeu la cara a la imatge. I ara què, es mou?
La trajectòria ,[object Object],corba recta La  trajectòria  és la línia que dibuixen els objectes durant el seu recorregut. Pot ser:
Per descriure del tot el moviment  encara falta conèixer dues magnituds  Velocitat (m/s) Acceleració (m/s 2 ) Velocitat constant Velocitat mitjana Velocitat instantània És l’augment  o disminució  de la velocitat  d’un mòbil  en un temps donat.
Velocitat ,[object Object],Velocitat
Velocitat (I) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Velocitat (II) ,[object Object],e = v * t ,[object Object],t = e / v
Gràfics de posició i temps ,[object Object],[object Object]
Curiositats sobre la velocitat ,[object Object],El falcó pelegrí, que pot superar els 300 km/h, és l’animal més ràpid. Li segueix, el guepard (més de 110 Km/h). L’home no arriba als 40.
Energia
L’energia... és la capacitat  de fer accions es manifesta es pot transmetre ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],com a   calor i treball ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Definició
L’energia ni es crea ni es destrueix, només es transforma.   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],però...
Unitats d’energia (I) ,[object Object]
Unitats d’energia (II) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Unitats d’energia (III) ,[object Object],1 caloria = 4,19 joules  1 joule = 0,24 calories
Transferència de calor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Més calent   Menys calent
[object Object]
[object Object]
Energia potencial i cinètica
Energia cinètica ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Energia potencial ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ep = m · g · h  m  = massa  g  = constant de la força de gravetat  h  = altura  ,[object Object]
Energia mecànica L’energia  mecànica  correspon a la suma de l’energia potencial i la cinètica.
L’energia ni es crea ni es destrueix, només es transforma.
Fonts d’informació ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Energia i moviment

  • 1. Energia i moviment
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  • 9. Per descriure del tot el moviment encara falta conèixer dues magnituds Velocitat (m/s) Acceleració (m/s 2 ) Velocitat constant Velocitat mitjana Velocitat instantània És l’augment o disminució de la velocitat d’un mòbil en un temps donat.
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  • 26. Energia potencial i cinètica
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  • 29. Energia mecànica L’energia mecànica correspon a la suma de l’energia potencial i la cinètica.
  • 30. L’energia ni es crea ni es destrueix, només es transforma.
  • 31.