Administering the DRA2 Program for Student Success
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This is a teacher's workshop to show how to use the DRA 2: Diagnostic Reading Assessment. Teacher will have the opportunity to learn how to use the program during this workshop.
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Administering the DRA2 Program for Student Success
- 1. Administering the dra2 First Nation Student Success Program Grades K-3
- 2. What’s ahead? What is DRA2? DRA Assessment Texts Conducting the Assessment Conference After the DRA2 Conference The Student Folder The Teacher Clip Board What do I do when I am done administrating DRA2?
- 3. What’s in the box? Teacher Guide Blackline Masters Blackline Masters CD 45 Benchmark Assessment Books 30 Student Assessment Folders Assessment Procedures Overview Card Training DVD DRA Word Analysis Teacher Guide DRA Word Analysis Student Book DRA Word Analysis Training CD 46 Hanging File Folders
- 4. What is a dra? A way for us to find each child’s instructional reading level Useful in determining instructional strategies to help move each child forward Able to provide us with data to track individual student growth, whole-class or grade-level trends, and to evaluate our reading program school wide
- 5. Types of Assessments Diagnostic : Pre-assessment Formative – During learning Summative – End of learning assessment Assessment Cycle
- 6. Inappropriate Uses of DRA2 DRA2 is Not: For Labelling For Grading For Retention Decisions Independent of guided reading Instruction
- 7. Foundation of dra With your elbow buddy: What do good readers do?
- 8. How do teacher use information from DRA Assessments? Determine a reader’s instructional level Determine a reader’s strengths or weaknesses Group students efficiently for reading experiences and instruction Identify student who may be working below proficiency and need further accelerated instruction
- 9. Moving Forward: REcommendations DRA will be administered 3x a year DRA Testing Windows : 2 Weeks All classes must be assessed within 2 weeks.
- 11. Get help with photocopying.
- 12. Make a schedule and stick to it.
- 13. Conduct 1-2 assessments per day.
- 14. Ask your SERT or Literacy Specialist to model a DRA.
- 15. Determine which students you wish to assess first.
- 16. Have more than one student working on DRA at a time.
- 17. Score the assessment (especially ORF) as soon as possible.
- 19. DRA2 Assessment text DRA2 Text Titles Group DRA books into these categories: A-2 3-6 8-14 16-28 30-44
- 20. What do DRA Text look like? Levels A-2: Repeated word or sentence patterned text with simple illustrations One line of text on left hand page Words are large and well spaced so children can point as they read Number of words ranged from 20-42
- 21. DRA Text Characteristics Levels 3-6 Simple stories with repetitive words, phrases and actions Predictable language structures Familiar characters and experiences, including pictures to support Number of words: 53-76
- 22. DRA Text Characteristics Levels 8-14 Stories include problems with which children can relate Repetition of events More complex book, oral language structures, and high frequency words Supportive illustrations
- 23. DRA Text Characteristics Levels 16-28 Imaginary or animal characters with human characteristics Familiar topics and vocabulary Nonfiction text features such as photographs, labels, charts, flowcharts, diagrams Some literary language structures Some description of characters and setting Moderate to minimum picture support
- 24. DRA Text Characteristics – 16 to 28
- 25. DRA Text Characteristics Levels 30-44 More complex stories Characters, setting, problems, and resolutions described in greater detail Different genres Minimum of picture support More specialized vocabulary Nonfiction text features such as headings, maps, time lines, graphs, photographs
- 26. DRA Text Characteristics -30 to 44
- 27. What are the DRA Reading Stages? Emergent Stage Levels A Kindergarten Early Stage Levels 4-12 Grade 1 Transitional Stage Levels 14-24 Grade 2 Extending Stage Levels 28-38 Grade 3
- 28. How does DRA determine Proficiency?
- 29. Conducting the Assessment Conference All Observation Guides go into the Student Folder
- 30. DRA observation Guides The teacher records observations of the student’s reading behavior and student responses in the designated spaces. Designated spaces include : Introduction to the text: Previewing/Predicting Oral Reading and Strategies Used Comprehension and Retelling (Levels 3-44) Reading Preferences
- 31. Oral Reading Accuracy levels Independent Instructional Advanced
- 32. DRA Observation guide Scoring-add up the errors and circle the accuracy rate Independent 95-100% Instructional 90-94% Frustration 89% and less If students accuracy rate is less than 89% choose a lower level. There is no need to continue on to the comprehension/retelling portion. If students make 5 errors, stop assessment and go to lower level text.
- 33. Observation guide - Reading Engagement Record scores for each section at the end of the Assessment. 2. Student responses
- 34. Observation guide – Oral fluency Level A-40 Record student’s recording behaviours. Examples: Miscues, substitutions, rereading, sounding out, self-corrections * REFER to Laminate Levels 14-40 Time the student’s oral reading. *Record student’s reading on cassette or digital camera
- 35. observation guide - percent of Accuracy Record Student’s time When student finishes reading ORALLY quickly count up miscues. Circle appropriate box on the Oral Reading Percent of Accuracy Chart. Use the Words Per Minutes chart to identify the WPM range. Stop assessment if student’s score falls below the Independent level. REASSES the student with a lower level text immediately or another time
- 36. Observation guide - Comprehension Level 40: Do not give students the book to complete the Prediction page. When the student has completed the assignment, teachers can read over their points aloud. Do not give extra prompts.
- 37. Observation guide: Oral REtelling 1. Underline and record information that student retells in the story. *Tally the number of prompts 2. Prompting should not continue after you believe the student has shared all he/she can remember about the story. Do not ask anymore prompts.
- 38. Observation guide - Oral REsponses 3. Record student responses to the Reflection and Making Connection Prompts.
- 39. After the DRA2 Conference Teacher analysis of data
- 41. After conference: Step 1 Teacher Analysis 1. Use the information on the Record of Oral Reading to check response Analysis of Oral Reading Chart. 2. Use this formula to calculate student’s exact WPM.
- 42. Step 2: Complete Continuum page Select the student’s best descriptors that describes the student. * Daily classroom observations 4. Use the student’s responses on the Student Reading Survey to select the best descriptor that describes his/her level of reading engagement.
- 43. Use information from the student’s oral retelling noted on the Story Overview to select the best descriptor. Use the Student Booklet to select the student’s best performance.
- 44. 7. Add the circled numbers to obtain the total score for each section. 8. Record the Comprehension scores at the top of the Continuum page uses the level-colon format.
- 45. Step 3: Complete the DRA2 Focus for instruction page Refer back to continuum *Draw a red line down between developing and independent. *Check the learning/teaching strategies on the sheet needed for student growth. NOTE: All learning /teaching strategies are scaffolded.
- 46. ThE Student Folder
- 47. Page 1: Developmental Reading ASsessment Teacher will fill out information TIP: F or NF Fiction or Non-fiction Is student reading at grade level? Check below, on or above
- 48. Page 2: Student Book Graph Student Book Graph is part of the student folder Plot student’s progress Use the directions to determine if the text is on the student’s Independent or Instructional level.
- 49. Page 3: Fiction and Nonfiction records Teacher records: Assessment Date Current Grade DRA2 Text Level F or NF CHECKMARK DRA2 Grade-Level Performance
- 50. The Teacher Clip Board Keep these sheets on your clip board
- 51. DRA2 Class Reporting Form Contains DRA2 text levels and scores for Reading Engagement, Oral Reading Fluency and Comprehension You will need this form to input scores into the TRILLIUM DATABASE.
- 52. Focus on Instruction: Groups These students could be grouped by text levels or based on their needs. Need 5 minute mini lessons? *Refer to Word Analysis Book
- 53. What do I do when I am done administrating DRA2
- 54. What do I do when I am finished administering the DRA2 with my class? Store all DRA assessments and attempts in each student’s folder. These folders will be passed on to a student’s future teachers. Remember to fill in each of the columns. Input your Class’s DRA2 scores into the Trillium database. Send home: Parent DRA2 Reading Assessment Information Form
- 55. Parent DRA2 Information form
- 56. THE END Resources DRA2 Teacher Guide: Developmental Reading Assessment Beaver, Joette M., www. pearsonschool.com
Hinweis der Redaktion
- AcronymDRA 2 means: Diagnostic Reading Assessment. 2= Second Edition
- *Hold up Items while showing teachers what is in the box....
- A DRA is:A way for us to find and document each child’s instructional reading level and progress through carefully selected assessment texts.Useful in determining instructional strategies to help move each child forwardProvides a standardized method for assessing student’s reading development while providing us with data to track individual student growth, whole-class or grade-level trends, and to evaluate our reading program school wide Is conducted during a one-on one conference
- Diagnostic Assessment-(This is what the DRA is) These assessments are used to gain information and pre-assess students’ strengths and needs. They may be used at the beginning of the school year or the beginning of a unit of study to guide teaching. We want to know what students already know and how they apply that knowledge. We also want information on where a student is having particular difficulty. Diagnostic Assessments help us gain insight into student’s interests and attitudes about reading so we can increase motivation and student engagement.Formative assessment: These assessments are frequently and primarily used to provide in-process information for learners and information about our teaching decisions. Formative assessment tools might include rubrics or checklists that serve as checkpoints and offer feedback about work in progress. This kind of assessment provides continuous guidance to students and teachers.Summative Assessment: Are end of learning assessments. They give students opportunities to demonstrate what they have learned over time-by the end of a unit study or a set period of time. The more our assessments and assessment practices mirror a view of the kind of readers we are trying to raise, the more useful they will be. As we gather and interpret data gained from all three types of assessments, we glean valuable information and create an increasingly comprehensive picture of the learner and the learning.The Assessment Cycle takes place 3 times a year so we can have a good look at where a student is specific times.
- Give outStickies! Word RecognitionIdentifying words by analogyIdentifying words by the use of context cluesIdentifying words through recognition of root words, prefixes or inflectional endingsSounding our words using phonicsIdentifying syllabic boundaries within multi-syllabic words and sounding out separate syllablesComprehend while they are readingAre able to explain informationConnect information to previous knowledgeUse informationAcquire information in order to develop insightAre fluent readers (using phrasing and intonation)Have appropriate pacing and speed
- Determine a reader’s instructional level: Knowing each student’s instructional reading level helps teachers make more effective teaching decisions and provide a variety of materials at the appropriate level of challenge.Determine a reader’s strengths and weaknesses: The DRA observation guide gives teachers a record of what a child does while reading. Teachers can observe how students work out an unfamiliar word and look for other behaviors (re-reading, self-correcting etc) that indicate the child is engaged in reading for meaning. The comprehension rubrics can also help teacher decide how well a student has understood the story.Group students effectively for reading experiences and instruction: Students may be grouped flexibly based on the needs tha surfaced during the assessment. Groups may be formed to work on fluency, predicting, retelling, comparing and contrasting stories and so on.Identify students who may be working below proficiency and need accelerated instruction: When students are reading below grade level it is critical that they receive small group reading instruction every day. Many times they also benefit from an additional period of reading time with the classroom teacher or an intervention specialist.
- Students learn to read and develop at different rates. Using the DRA2 periodically enables you to monitor changes over time in students’ reading performances and confirms ongoing observations and impressions of student reading achievement
- An observation guide has been designed for each assessment text.
- At an independent level of oral reading,readers generally make 5 errors or less per 100 words. This means that more of their cognitive energy can be devoted to comprehension. Fluency and Comprehension must be at least within the Independent range on the Continuum.At an instructional level readers generally make no more than 10 errors in 100 words. This number of errors provides many teaching opportunities. Working with a teacher at this level will support students as they try and make sense of what they have read.Frustration: Students should never engage in materials that are frustrating. When students are required, over long periods of time, to read materials at the frustration level they come away with an incorrect idea of the purpose of reading. They may think that reading is “getting all the words right” and never get to the point that reading is supposed to make sense.
- Each Benchmark Assessment Book has its own Teacher Observation Guide. The guides include teacher directions, questions, and prompts for the assessment texts. Teachers will record observations of a student’s reading behaviours as well as their responses in the designated spaces.
- This chart is an overview of what the teacher analyzes after completing the DRA2 conference.
- 1. Use the information recorded and/or checked on the TEACHER OBSERVATION GUIDE.2. Circle the number of descriptor that best describes the reader’s behaviors and responses in each row on the Continuum.
- The Student Book Graph reflects the increase in level of text difficulty read independently by students across their primary years. The shaded area represents below-grade-level performance. This graph also appears on the back cover of the Student Assessment Folder.
- Use this form to record for school administrators students’ DRA2, K–3, text levels and scores for Reading Engagement, Oral Reading Fluency, and Comprehension. If the assessment is used on a semi-annual basis, this form will also enable administrators and teachers to identify students who remain at risk in their development as readers.**Teachers will also need the Class