9. P E R S O N A L I Z E D
C O N T R O L
Software allows
many iterations
10. A S M A L L S TA R T
0.1%
Microgrid % of
total U.S. electricity generation
11. U P A G A I N S T A
M O N O P O LY
P R O B L E M
12. D I S T R I B U T I O N G R I D I N V E S T M E N T
L A G G I N G
American Society of Civil Engineers
âAmerica will see an investment gap in distribution
infrastructure of $57 billion by 2020â
15. M I C R O G R I D
A group of interconnected loads and
distributed energy resources within clearly
defined electrical boundaries that acts as a
single controllable entity with respect to the
grid and that connects and disconnects from
such grid to enable it to operate in both grid-
connected or island mode.
17. M I C R O G R I D
⢠Likes to act alone
⢠Capable of making its own
decisions
⢠May benefit from
remaining grid connected
⢠Lots of possibility
Photo: tifotter via Flickr
24. S T O N E E D G E FA R M
Stone Edge Farm
(California)
⢠75-kilowatt microgrid
⢠Solar PV
⢠Solar thermal
⢠CHP
⢠Batteries
⢠Hydrogen
Photo: Ryan Stoltenberg
25. G R E S H A M WA S T E WAT E R
T R E AT M E N T
Gresham WWTF
(Oregon)
⢠Not a microgrid
⢠Net zero energy
⢠Two 400-kW CHP fed
with biogas -
wastewater plus fats,
oils, and greases
⢠420 kilowatts of solar
Photos: Sara Hottman/The Oregonian
26. H I L L C A N Y O N WA S T E WAT E R
T R E AT M E N T
Hill Canyon WWTF
(California)
⢠Not a microgrid
⢠Net zero energy
⢠900 kilowatt biogas
CHP
⢠500 kilowatts solar
27. 3 megawatts of solar
University of California
San Diego
2.8-megawatt fuel cell
⢠42-megawatt microgrid
⢠CHP
⢠Solar
⢠Fuel cell
⢠Batteries
⢠Almost 100% of energy
⢠92% of electricity
⢠95% of heating/cooling
load
⢠Directed biogas to
âworldâs largest fuel
cell,â 2.8-megawatt
U C S A N D I E G O
35. S TAT E F U N D I N G ?
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
NY Prize provides
funding for municipal
feasibility studies
No microgrid financing
36. E X E M P T F R O M R E G U L AT I O N ?
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
Exempt if:
1. solely on private
property OR
2. uses cogeneration,
small hydro, or
alternative energy
Exempt if:
1. muni or co-op OR
2. only serves tenants of
single building OR
3. serves < 25 persons
37. A R E M I C R O G R I D S P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ?
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
New York does not
designate monopoly
service territories
Only if they serve fewer
than 25 persons
38. E A S Y I N T E R C O N N E C T I O N ?
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
B C
39. R E TA I L O R W H O L E S A L E M A R K E T
C O M P E N S AT I O N ?
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
Wholesale, yes. Retail
may be coming with
Reforming the Energy
Vision process.
Wholesale, no. Retail
limited to net metering
for 1 MW or smaller.
40. O T H E R B A R R I E R S
Credit: Microgrid Resources Coalition
New York
Minnesota
Distribution utilities
may be limited in
ownership of
microgrids.
Vertically integrated
utilities will likely fight
any laws enabling
microgrids.
47. R O O F T O P S O L A R A N D B AT T E RY S T O R A G E
P R I C E S K E E P FA L L I N G
Battery:costperkilowatt-hour
$0
$450
$900
$1,350
$1,800
Solar:CostperinstalledWatt
$0
$3
$6
$9
$12
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Median solar installed cost
Lithium ion battery cost
48. M I C R O G R I D G R O W T H
Greentech Media, 2016
49. U . S . D I G E S T E R S
(AgStar, May 2016)http://bit.ly/digester-map
50. U . S . D I G E S T E R P O T E N T I A L
EPA AgStar, 2011
51. B I O G A S , F U E L C E L L S , A N D D ATA
C E N T E R S
Charlotte
Maiden
10 MW
Landfill biogas
52. B I O G A S , F U E L C E L L S , A N D D ATA
C E N T E R S
Cheyenne
250 kW
Wastewater biogas
53. B I O G A S , F U E L C E L L S , A N D D ATA
C E N T E R S
Salt Lake City
South Jordan
~6 MW
Pipeline gas
(interest in biogas)
55. T H E O N E B I G T H I N G ?
Credit: Ken Bosma via Flickr
=
Credit: Nicole Resseguie-Snyder via Flickr
56. www.ilsr.org
D O W N L O A D
O U R F U L L
R E P O R T
R E A D M O R E
@johnffarrell
Mighty'Microgrids''
Communi'es*all*over*the*country*are*ďŹnding*ways*to*break*the*macro*barriers*to*
microgrids.*As*we*ďŹip*from*a*top>down*to*bo?om>up*grid*management*structure,*
major*policy*barriers*must*be*liBed*in*order*to*expand*energy*democracy*to*
customers*and*producers.*
!
Ma$!Grimley!and!John!Farrell!
March!2016!