The document discusses active and passive voice in English grammar. It explains that active voice uses the subject of the sentence to perform the action of the verb, while passive voice uses the object of the action as the subject of the sentence, with the verb "to be" and the past participle. It then provides examples of converting sentences between active and passive voice for different tenses, including simple present and past, present and past continuous, present perfect, past perfect, modals, and "be going to".

2. 1.
What is active and passive voice?
Verbs in English are also expressed in the form of
voice. Voice is a term of English used to show the realtion
between verb and subject (main sentence).
In English, they are two types of voice, active dan passive.

3. Active Voice

Kalimat aktif (active
voice) adalah kalimat
dimana subject-nya
melakukan pekerjaan.
A feature of sentences in
which the subject
performs the action of
the verb and the direct
object is the goal or the
recipient.
Passive Voice


kalimat pasif (passive voice)
adalah kalimat dimana
subject-nya dikenai
pekerjaan oleh object
kalimat.
A feature of sentences in
which the object or goal of
the action functions as the
sentence subject and the
main verb phrase includes
the verb to be and the past
participle.

4. A. Simple Present Tense
Active : S + V1 + O
Passive : O + tobe + V3

-
He breaks the window
The window is broken (by him)

5. B. Simple Past Tense
Active : S + V2 +O
Passive : O+ was/were + v3 + S

-
He broke the window yesterday
The window was broken by him yesterday
. C. Present Continuous Tense
- Active : S + to be + V1-ing+ O
- Passive : O + to be+ being + v3 + S
-
- He is breaking the window
- The window is being broken by him

6. D. Present Perfect
Active : S + Have/Has + V3 + O
Passive : O + Have/Has + been + V3

-
He has broken the window
The window has been broken by him
E. Past Perfect Tense
Active : S + Had + v3 + o
Passive : O + Had + been + v3 + S
- He had broken the window when I got here
- The window had been broken by him when I got
here

7. F. Past Continuous Tense
Active : S + was/were + v-ing + o
Passive : O + was/were + being + v3 +s

-
-
-
He was breaking the window
The window was being broken by him
G. Modals
Active : S + modals + v1 + o
Passive : O + modals + be + v3 + s
- He will break the window in the afternoon
- The window will be broken in the afternoon

8. H. Be going to
Active : S + is going to + v1 + o
Passive : O + is going to be + v3 +s

He is going to break the window this
afternoon
- The window is going to be broken this
afternoon
-