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KR IS IS I PT

 KKK
  KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI
KR ISIS IPT

 KKK A AA
 KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI   AUTONOMY ACADEMIC ACCESS
                                    STANDARDS
KRIS IS IPT
 KKK A AA
                                                       RMK

 KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI   AUTONOMY ACADEMIC ACCESS
                                    STANDARDS          10
KRIS IS IPT
 KKK A AA
                                                       RMK

 KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI   AUTONOMY ACADEMIC ACCESS
                                    STANDARDS          10
KRIS IS IPT
 KKK A AA
                                                       RMK

 KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI   AUTONOMY ACADEMIC ACCESS
                                    STANDARDS          10
KRIS IS IPT
 KKK A AA
                                                       RMK

 KUASA   KUALITI KUANTITI   AUTONOMY ACADEMIC ACCESS
                                    STANDARDS          10
K A
KUANTITI   ACCESS
1949
1949
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2010
2 010   44 UNIVERSITI


        25 KOLEJ-
           UNIVERSITI


        21POLYTEKNIK


        537   KOLEJ




        627 IPT
WHERE
  GOT
CRISIS?
KELAS TINGKATAN 5K   30 STUDENTS
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION                 1960-  1970

                      0.6%

Elite        Higher education is a privilege
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION            1960-  1970
                          13 MAY 1969

                     0.6%
       NEP + QUO    TA SYSTEM
                                           1971
Elite                               A  UKU
           Higher education is a privilege
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION               1980
                                  1971-




                                  1.8%

Elite       + racialised policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION                  1995
                                     1981-




                              3.7%

Elite       + racialised policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION               1996-   2000

                              8.1%

Elite       + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION               1996-   2000
                              KTA IPTS 1996
                            A
                              8.1%

Elite       + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION                2001-    2010

                            30%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                       2001-    2010
                     PRIVATE 15%

                            30%
                       PUBLIC 15%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                       2001-    2010
                     PRIVATE 15%

                            30%
                       PUBLIC 15%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                       2001-    2010
                     PRIVATE 15%

                            30%
                       PUBLIC 15%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                       2001-    2010
                     PRIVATE 15%

                            30%
                       PUBLIC 15%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
PUBLIC IPTA                 vs   PRIVATE IPTS
    lower tuition fees              higher tuition fees
     RM1,400 a year                  RM14,000 a year

     90% subsidised                    no subsidies

Bahasa Melayu language of           English language of
       instruction                      instruction

    70% Bumiputera                95% bukan-Bumiputera

  staff to student ratio           staff to student ratio
            1:9                              1:30

 staff teach less than 10         staff teach less than 20
       hours a week                     hours a week

education as social good          education as commodity

 comprehensive courses            market-driven courses
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                       2001-    2010
             RMK

            10              30%

Mass          + racialised policy + market driven policy
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
  & Private
                                               2020

              50%

Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
Private & Corporate
                                               2020

              50%
      Elitist           Higher education is a privilege
                        Knowledge is a commodity
 Univ sal        Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
Private & Corporate
                                                2020
   FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
   ARTICLE 12
   Equity and Right to Education

               50%
      Elitist            Higher education is a privilege
                         Knowledge is a commodity
 Univ sal         Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
Private & Corporate
                                               2020

              50%
      Elitist           Higher education is a privilege
                        Knowledge is a commodity
 Univ sal        Higher education is a right
ACCESS TO
PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
Private & Corporate
                                                2020

              50%
      Elitist           Higher education is a privilege
                        Knowledge is a commodity
 Univ sal        Higher education is a right for all
ACCESS TO
HIGHER EDUCATION (2004)

                          Malaysia 29%
                           FILIPINA 29%
                          THAILAND    41%
                          SINGAPORE   46%
                            FINLAND   87%
                             KOREA    89%
KELAS TINGKATAN 3K   30 STUDENTS
ACCESS TO
UPPER SECONDARY
PUBLIC EDUCATION         1960

                   10%

Elitist
ACCESS TO
UPPER SECONDARY
PUBLIC EDUCATION           1970

                   20.1%

Elitist
ACCESS TO
UPPER SECONDARY
PUBLIC EDUCATION           1980

                   40.8%

Mass
ACCESS TO
UPPER SECONDARY
PUBLIC EDUCATION   1990

           49.1%

Mass
ACCESS TO
UPPER SECONDARY
PUBLIC EDUCATION   2000

  72.6%

Univ sal
Univ sal                      Univ sal
ACCESS TO                     ACCESS TO
SECONDARY                     PUBLIC
PUBLIC EDUCATION              HIGHER EDUCATION
Secondary education           Higher education
is a RIGHT, not a privilege   is a RIGHT, not a privilege

                              DEMOCRATISE higher
                              education, not privatise
                              Higher education
                              for PUBLIC GOOD,
                              not market needs
GERMANY
GERMANY
AUSTRIA
CROATIA
SPAIN
CANADA
CANADA
AMERICA
ENGLAND
BANGLADESH
INDONESIA
INDONESIA
FILIPINA
Sejarah
    Kebangkitan
      Mahasiswa
Universiti Malaya

      60      an

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