Meiosis

Meiosis Section 10.1 (pp. 270-276)

Terms to Know ,[object Object],[object Object]

Homologous Chromosomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Haploid Cell ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Diploid Number ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chromosome Number ,[object Object],[object Object],Organism Body cell (2n) Gamete (n) Fruit fly 8 4 Garden pea 14 7 Corn 20 10 Tomato 24 12 Leopard frog 26 13 Apple 34 17 Human 46 23 Chimpanzee 48 24 Dog 78 39 Adder’s tongue fern 1260 630

Meiosis ,[object Object],[object Object]

Meiosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sexual Reproduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Phases of Meiosis I Interphase Cell replicates its chromosomes Prophase I Replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) are visible. Tetrad forms (pair of homologous chromosomes) in a process called synapsis. Crossing over may occur Metaphase I Centromeres attach to spindle fibers, tetrad is pulled to equator Anaphase I Homologous chromosomes (2 sister chromatids) separate to opposite ends Telophase I Spindle breaks down, chromosomes uncoil, cytoplasm divides to form 2 new cells (sister chromatids)

Phases of Meiosis II Interphase Short phase, chromosomes do not replicate Prophase II Spindles form in each of 2 new cells Metaphase II Centromeres attach to spindle fibers and pulls sister chromatids to equator Anaphase II Sister chromosomes separate to opposite poles Telophase II Nuclei re-form, spindle breaks down, chromosomes uncoil, cytoplasm divides

Mitosis Vs. Meiosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Genetic Variation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Crossing Over ,[object Object]

How many different kinds of gametes can an organism produce? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How many different kinds of gametes can an organisms produce? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Polyploidy (p. 285) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mistakes (Polyploids) can be beneficial ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Meiosis

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Meiosis