Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Small Business Jobs Act 7 23 10
1. CCH Tax Briefing
Small Business Jobs Act
of 2010 (H.R. 5297)
September 27, 2010 Special Report
HIgHlIgHTs
President signs small Business Jobs
Extended Bonus Depreciation
Act with $12 Billion in Tax Incentives
Increased Code Sec. 179
O
n September 27, 2010, President that is very valuable to larger businesses.
Expensing Obama signed into law a package The new law also includes some retire-
of enhanced business tax incen- ment savings incentives for individuals
100 Percent Exclusion For tives, as part of a larger Small Business Jobs and other provisions impacting taxpayers
Qualified Business Stock Act of 2010, H.R. 5297. Passage was marked beyond small businesses.
by months of negotiations, culminating in
Code Sec. 6707A House approval on September 23, 2010 by a COMMENT. Despite a full plate of tax
Penalty Relief vote of 237 to 187, after clearing the Senate on bills, such as the fate of expiring indi-
September 16, 2010 by a 61 to 38 margin. vidual income tax rate cuts, capital gains/
Enhanced Start-Up Deduction dividends tax rate reductions and the
The new law extends bonus depreciation, ex- federal estate tax, the small business bill
Retirement Savings Incentives tends and doubles Code Sec. 179 expensing, may be the last tax-related bill to pass
provides for 100 percent gain exclusion for Congress before the November elections.
Rental Expense Payment qualified small business stock, relaxes the S Many House and Senate members want
Information Reporting corp built-in gain conversion rules, extends to recess earlier than planned, so they can
the carryback period for eligible small busi- return to their home districts to campaign
Increased Information
ness credits to five years, removes cell phones for re-election.
Return Penalties from listed property, enhances the deduction
for start-up expenses, provides retroactive PLANNING NOTE. Like many recent tax
And More
Code Sec. 6707A penalty relief, and allows bills, the small business bill provides incen-
a self-employment FICA tax deduction for tives but does not make most of them perma-
2010 health insurance costs. nent. Some have a very short lifespan. For
example, enhanced Code Sec. 179 expensing
InsIde Revenue raising provisions to help pay for is available for 2010 and 2011; bonus de-
Bonus Depreciation................................1 these tax breaks include a first-time opportu- preciation is generally available only through
nity for certain active participants in 401(k) the end of 2010; and rollovers within 401(k)
Code Sec. 179 Expensing ...................... 2 and other plans to roll over existing balances and other elective deferral plans to designated
to a designated Roth account under their Roth accounts are entitled to a special two-
Carryback for General
plans. Among the revenue provisions that year tax deferral only if done in 2010.
Business Credit ....................................... 3
will not be as well received by certain tax-
Small Business Stock ............................ 3 payers are increased failure-to-file penalties
on information returns, new information geneRAl BUsIness
Code Sec. 6707A Penalty Relief ......... 3 reporting for rental property expense pay- InCenTIVes
Start-Up Expense Deduction .............. 4 ments, tightened U.S. sourcing on guarantee
fees, streamlined tax levies on federal con- The new law includes a familiar package of
Retirement Savings ............................... 4 tractors, accelerated estimated tax payments tax incentives designed to stimulate busi-
Revenue Raisers ..................................... 5 by certain large corporations, and more. ness investment and spending.
Pending Tax Legislation ........................ 6 IMPACT. The tax title’s “small business”
label does not reflect its true scope; its
Bonus Depreciation
White House Business Tax Proposals .... 7
provisions impact businesses of many The new law extends, through December
Information Reporting.......................... 7 sizes. Bonus depreciation is one provision 31, 2010, 50-percent first-year bonus de-
3. September 27, 2010
3
assets it acquired while a C corporation Extended Carryback Of General PLANNING NOTE. To be eligible for the
by first converting to S corporation status. Business Credit exclusion both prior to and under the bill,
The new law offers S corporations more the individual must generally acquire the
flexibility in shedding historic C corpo- The new law extends the carryback period small business stock at its original issue
ration assets that either no longer suit for eligible small business credits to five (directly or through an underwriter) for
business needs or can provide additional years. Eligible small business credits are money, for property other than stock, or as
capital through their sale to better assure the sum of the general business credits de- compensation for services. When the stock
the S corporation’s survival during the termined for the tax year with respect to is issued, the aggregate gross assets of the
economic downturn. an eligible small business. The extended issuing corporation may not exceed $50
carryback provision is effective for credits million. In addition, the corporation also
COMMENT. The five-year period in the determined in the taxpayer’s first tax year must use at least 80 percent of the value
new law refers to five calendar years from beginning after December 31, 2009. of its assets in the active conduct of one
the first day of the first tax year for which or more qualified trades or businesses. The
the corporation was an S corporation. IMPACT. An eligible small business for stock or eligible replacement must be held
purposes of the enhanced general business for at least five years.
credit is a corporation whose stock is not
Cell Phones publicly traded, a partnership or a sole COMMENT. Under Code Sec. 1202
The new law removes cell phones and similar proprietorship. Additionally, the average limitations already in place, the amount
personal communication devices from their annual gross receipts of the corporation, of gain eligible for the 100 percent exclu-
current classification as listed property un- partnership, or sole proprietorship for the sion by an individual with respect to any
der Code Sec. 280F, thereby lifting the strict prior three tax year periods cannot exceed corporation is capped at the greater of (1)
substantiation requirements of use and the $50 million. 10 times the taxpayer’s basis in the stock
additional limits placed on depreciation de- or (2) $10 million.
ductions. In addition, the provision enables AMT offset. Under the new law, an eligible
the fair market value of personal use of a cell small business credit may offset both regular
phone or other similar device provided to an and AMT liability.
Code Sec. 6707A Penalty Relief
employee predominantly for business pur- Taxpayers failing to disclose participation
poses to be excluded from gross income. in certain tax shelters are liable for penal-
Qualified Small Business Stock ties under Code Sec. 6707A. For certain
IMPACT. This “listed property” designa- The 2009 Recovery Act temporarily increased violations, those penalties had netted
tion was imposed on cell phones when the Code Sec. 1202 percentage exclusion for minimum dollar amounts that, in practice,
they were novel, expensive, and not wide- qualified small business stock sold by an in- were draconian to certain small businesses
ly owned. Today, not only are cell phones dividual from 50 percent to 75 percent for as compared to any claimed tax benefits.
widely available and used, but also nec- stock acquired after February 17, 2009 and
essary for doing business. IRS Commis- before January 1, 2011, and held for more The new law provides a general rule that
sioner Douglas Shulman announced in than five years. The new law raises the ex- a participant in a reportable transaction
January 2010 that the IRS would call clusion to 100 percent for gain on stock ac- that fails to disclose the transaction is sub-
a temporary halt to enforcing strict sub- quired after the date of enactment of the bill ject to a penalty equal to 75 percent of the
stantiation on cell phone use until Con- and before January 1, 2011. Under the new decrease in tax shown on the return as a
gress made good on its leadership’s prom- law, the excluded gain will not count as an result of the transaction or which would
ise to pass remedial legislation. The new AMT preference item but the five-year hold- have resulted if the transaction was respect-
law’s relief applies to tax years beginning ing period continues to apply. ed for federal tax purposes. Regardless of
after December 31, 2009. the amount determined under the general
IMPACT. With both the income tax and rule, the new law specifies that the penalty
capital gains rates anticipated to rise in may not exceed certain maximum amounts
sMAll BUsIness the future, the benefits of an investment ($10,000 for an individual taxpayer fail-
PROVIsIOns in Section 1202 stock become even more ing to disclose a reportable transaction;
substantial as acquired shares are sold in $50,000 for all other taxpayers, $100,000
The new law targets a variety of tax incen- 2015 or later under the five-year holding for an individual taxpayer failing to dis-
tives exclusively to small businesses, includ- period rule. Since stock is the key to this close a listed transaction; and $200,000
ing extended carryback for the general busi- benefit, the corporate form of doing busi- for all other taxpayers). The new law also
ness credit, enhanced AMT offset, and relief ness may have a leg up on unincorporated provides a minimum penalty of $5,000 for
from Code Sec. 6707A penalties. entities in this regard. an individual taxpayer failing to disclose a
CCH Tax Briefing
5. September 27, 2010
5
2010. Plans and taxpayer may need to ReVenUe RAIseRs payer Advocate. However, the IRS has
move quickly. First, the plan must be promised to remove duplicative reporting
amended to permit these rollovers. Then, In addition to the $6.6 billion raised by the where possible.
participants must act before year-end on retirement-friendly provisions (discussed
any qualifying distribution if they want above), the Small Business Jobs Act offsets Exceptions. The new law includes excep-
to take advantage of either the two-year the price tag for its $12 billion in tax relief tions to the rental property expense report-
deferral into 2011 or 2012 or lower tax with some not-so-friendly changes in the ing requirement, such as exceptions for in-
rates in 2010 if Congress does not extend name of reducing the tax gap and closing dividuals who can show that the reporting
the 2001 individual marginal income unintended “loopholes.” requirement creates a hardship and any in-
tax rate reductions. dividual who receives rental income of not
more than a minimal amount (both as will
IMPACT. Especially with 401(k) bal-
Information Reporting On Rental be determined by the IRS). The new law
ances still reeling from stock market Property Expense Payments also provides for an exception for members
declines, distribution rollovers to Roth of the military or employees of the intelli-
accounts now — while the income to be The new law requires qualified individu- gence community who rent their principal
recognized on those balances upon dis- als receiving rental income from real residence on a temporary basis.
tribution is still low — will make im- property to file information returns with
mediate rollovers highly popular. One the IRS and to service providers report-
drawback, for many taxpayers, however, ing payments of $600 or more during
Higher Failure-To-File Penalties
will be finding the cash to pay the income the year for rental property expenses. The On Information Returns
tax. If taken from the otherwise qualify- new information reporting requirement
ing distribution, that amount would be applies to payments made after Decem- The new law substantially increases the pen-
taxed immediately and permanently lose ber 31, 2010. alties for failing to timely file information
the benefit of deferral. returns with the IRS:
IMPACT. Expanded information report-
COMMENT. The JCT explained that ing is a popular revenue raiser in Con- First-tier penalties (filing an information
it is intended that the IRS will provide gress and predictions are that reporting return after the filing deadline but not
employers with a remedial amendment obligations, and their related compliance more than 30 days after the due date)
period to allow employers to offer this costs, will more than quadruple for tax- increase from $15 to $30. The calen-
option for distributions during 2010 payers if Congress continues on its present dar year maximum will increase from
and then have adequate time to amend course. Reliance by Congress on increased $75,000 to $250,000.
their plans. information reporting to provide “quick Second-tier penalties (filing an informa-
and easy” revenue offsets worries many tion return more than 30 days after it is
tax practitioners and the National Tax- due but before August 1) will increase
Annuitization
The bill allows an owner of a nonquali-
fied annuity contract to split up the con- H.R. 5297: esTIMATed ReVenUe effeCTs*
tract, by taking a portion of the benefits
FY 2011 - 2020 FY 2011 & 2012
as a separate stream of annuity payments
while leaving the balance of the contract Bonus Depreciation - $5.4 billion -$29.5 billion
untouched. The annuitization period must Code Sec. 179 Expensing -$2.2 billion -$12.7 billion
be for 10 years or more, or for the lives
General Business Credit -$1.0 billion -$2.4 billion
of one or more individuals. Amounts re-
maining with the contract will continue Small Business Stock -$518 million -$2.0 million
to accumulate earnings on a tax-deferred Cell Phones -$410 million -$54 million
basis. The provision applies to amounts
Start-Up Deduction -$230 million -$343 million
received in tax years beginning after De-
cember 31, 2010. 6707A Penalty Relief -$176 million -$106 million
Cellulosic Biofuel Credit +$1.8 billion +$1.2 billion
COMMENT. A nonqualified annuity
contract is an annuity contract held out- Retirement Savings +$6.6 billion +$809 million
side of a qualified retirement plan or an * Source: Joint Committee on Taxation, September 16, 2010
individual retirement account.
CCH Tax Briefing
7. September 27, 2010
7
The federal estate tax; posal, the simplified research credit would ed business information reporting under
Reduced capital gains/dividends tax increase to 17 percent. the Patient Protection and Affordable
rates; Care Act (PPACA). Under the PPACA,
An AMT "patch;" IMPACT. Under the president’s proposal, businesses, charities and state and local
Worker classification reform; qualified taxpayers would be able to im- governments will file an information re-
More international tax reforms; mediately write-off business expenses in turn for all payments aggregating $600
Energy tax incentives; and the first year, enabling taxpayers to lower or more in a calendar year to a single
National disaster relief. their taxable income by the full amount provider of goods or services (with some
of qualified investments. exceptions for tax-exempt payees), for
WHITe HOUse BUsIness TAx payments made after 2011. The PPACA
PROPOsAls COMMENT. President Obama proposed also repeals the long-standing reporting
to offset the estimated $180 billion cost of exception for payments to a corporation,
President Obama has proposed allowing his proposals by unspecified closings of tax also effective for payments made after
qualified businesses to immediately write- loopholes. The $180 billion cost means 2011.
off 100 percent of new investments in the proposals are unlikely to gain much
equipment made through the end of 2011. traction in Congress. COMMENT. Stand-alone legislation (S.
Generally, current rules provide for a lon- 3783) to exempt very small businesses
ger period, three to 20 years. The president InfORMATIOn RePORTIng and raise the filing threshold to $5,000
has also proposed to make permanent the has been introduced in the Senate but is
research tax credit, which expired at the The House and Senate have considered unlikely to be taken up before the No-
end of 2009. Under the president’s pro- but rejected legislation to repeal expand- vember elections.
Industry leading resources from the leader in legislative coverage.
Business Quick Answers, 2011 — Easy-to-find reporting
guidance on C corps, S corps, partnerships, LLCs and tax-
exempt organizations. Includes depreciation and amortization,
employee benefit plans, tax credits and more.
Reserve your copy
for the 2010 tax season.
U.S. Master Tax Guide®
U Book # # Pages Pub. Price
(94th Edition), 2011 — The best
( 04626401 .........400 .........Dec. 2010 .......$51.00
source for keeping up with chang-
s Click here to order.
ing tax laws. Provides compre-
i
hensive coverage of the HIRE Act,
h
Health Care Reform, and all new
H Business Tax Answer Book, 2011— The Answer Book
legislation that occurs during 2010
le provides time-saving tools to help implement the tax strategies
including section highlights, updated tables and flowcharts
highlights and compliance guidelines discussed in the book. These
and the popular time-saving Quick Tax Facts card. include numerous practice pointers, real-world examples and a
comprehensive tax calendar.
Book # # Pages Pub. Price
05951401 .......... About 912...........Nov. 2010..........$86.50
Book # # Pages Pub. Price
Click here to order.
04707401 ..........760 .........Oct. 2010 .......$217.00
Click here to order.
Visit CCHGroup.com/Legislation for the latest updates as they happen.
CCH Tax Briefing