This document discusses various methods for detecting deception, dividing them into mechanical and non-mechanical categories. Mechanical methods include polygraphs, voice stress analyzers, and thermal detectors, which are scientifically measurable but expensive. Non-mechanical methods like body language analysis are inexpensive but not scientifically proven. Specific non-mechanical techniques mentioned include statement analysis, examining pronouns and tense for consistency. The document encourages using multiple indicators rather than relying on any single method when evaluating statements for deception.

1. Detecting
Deception

2. The purpose of this short presentation is to
bring to the attention of leaders, some of the
methods worth considering with regard to
detecting deception in others.
Purpose Statement

3. Under normal circumstances, it has been
suggested that most people are not intentionally
deceptive. However, as risk of any sort
increases, whether personal, professional, or
philosophical, the degree of deception in others
can increase.
General Assessment

4. Avinoam Sapir
Dr. Paul Ekman
Joe Navarro
John E. Reid
Pamela Meyer
Stan Walters
Susan Adams
One of the most coveted abilities of
today’s professional leader is…

5. Mechanical Non-Mechanical
Detecting deception falls into two general categories
The reason it’s considered an ability and
not a talent is because…
It’s teachable, It’s practical, It’s used
everyday, and Virtually anyone can become
proficient

6. Mechanical Means for
Detecting Deception…
may have started with the pull of a donkey’s tail…
500 B.C. in India.
A priest put lampblack on the tail of a donkey in a
dark room and all suspects were to pull the magic
donkey’s tail.
They were told that when the one who was the thief
pulled the magic donkey’s tail, he would speak and
be heard throughout the temple.
The person who did not pull the tail had clean hands
and was pronounced the thief and punished.

7. Pros and Cons
Mechanical
Pros – scientifically measurable; measured level of
reliability; individualized; accepted by the science
community; used in many criminal justice
disciplines
Cons – expensive; complex; significant barrier to
entry/use; not generally mobile

8. Non-Mechanical
Pros – inexpensive; less complex; low to no
barrier to entry/use; highly mobile; used in every
criminal justice discipline
Cons – not generally accepted by the science
community; not scientifically measurable;
generalized
Pros and Cons

9. Mechanical Means for Detecting Deception Cont’
Hydrosphygmograph
Polygraph
Computerized Voice Stress Analyzer
Field Interrogation
Support Tool: The F.I.S.T.®

10. Mechanical Means for Detecting Deception Cont’
Thermal
EEG

11. Non-Mechanical Means for
Detecting Deception

12. Non-Validated
Methods
Sanpaku
Eye Accessing Cues

13. Body Language
Proxemics
Micro-facial Expressions
Graphology
Statement Analysis
Non-Mechanical Means for Detecting Deception cont’

14. Written Word
Spoken Word

15. Why Statement Analysis?
Number of Words in the English Language: 1,025,109.8
A new word is created every 98 minutes or about 14.7
words per day.
“Measurement is the first step that leads to control.
If you can’t measure something, you can’t understand it.
If you can’t understand it, you can’t control it.
If you can’t control it, you can’t improve it.” H. James Harrington

16. General Rule of Thumb:
Statement Analysis cont’
#1 When seeking the truth, never rely on any single point
as a decider. Always look for clusters of behaviors as
indicators only.
#2 Look for about 33% division in a statement;
beginning, middle, end.
#3 Identify pronoun and tense consistency; changes in
terms indicate changes in reality.
#4 If the subject didn’t say it, then it didn’t happen –
don’t fill in the blanks for them.

17. Whether written or spoken, the truth will
reveal itself to the attentive listener.
In the field of observation, chance favors the
prepared mind. Dr. Louis Pasteur
When you eliminate the impossible, whatever
remains must be the truth. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle ~
Sherlock Holmes