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REALTALK
A Programming Language for
Wireless Embedded Sensor
Network
Alexandre Bergel
Siobhán Clarke
Distributed Systems Group
Trinity College Dublin
Alexandre Bergel
Programming wireless sensor devices is difficult
• Embedded sensor systems are difficult to program.
• Power consumption, memory management, hardware
abstraction:
– component maintenance: the C programming language prevents
software component from being easily maintained.
– sensor asynchronism: sampling is achieved by emitting and
receiving events.
2
Alexandre Bergel
Sensor sampling creates disruption in the app
3
CPU Sensor
Request for a
sampling
answer
measurement
Optimizing
resource
is critical!
Alexandre Bergel
Sensor sampling creates disruption in the app
4
CPU Sensor
Request for a
sampling
answer
measurement
Data
passing
is critical!
Alexandre Bergel
Realtalk: An Object-based language
Goal: making embedded programming easier and providing
advanced hardware abstraction.
Creation of a counter application:
RTObject subclass: #Counter
variableNames: ‘leds timer value’.
Counter compile: ‘start
value := 0.
timer invoke: #triggeredMethod every: 500.’
Counter compile: ‘triggeredMethod
value := value + 1.
leds display: value.’
5
Alexandre Bergel
Object composition and hybrid type system
Linking the counter to the leds and a timer:
RTObject subclass: #Counter
variableNames: ‘leds timer value’.
Counter composeWith:
{ #leds -> Leds. #timer -> Timer }
Realtalk supports an hybrid type system.
6
Alexandre Bergel
Class specialization
Let’s emit a sound at each increment:
Counter subclass: #SoundCounter
variableNames: ‘sounder’
aliases: { #triggeredMethod -> #incAndDisplay}.
SoundCounter compile: ‘triggeredMethod
self incAndDisplay.
leds isRedOn
ifTrue: [sounder start]
ifFalse: [sounder stop].’
7
Alexandre Bergel
Example of Controlled Disruption
Reading two sensors and emitting their sampling:
AnyObject compile: ‘readingTwoSensors
| value1 value2 |
leds display: 1.
value1 := lightSensor read.
leds display: 2.
value2 := soundSensor read.
leds display: 3.
radio emit: (value1 + value2).’
8
Alexandre Bergel
Method is cut down into pieces...
9
Reading two sensors and emitting their sampling:
AnyObject compile: ‘readingTwoSensors
| value1 value2 |
leds display: 1.
value1 := lightSensor read.
leds display: 2.
value2 := soundSensor read.
leds display: 3.
radio emit: (value1 + value2).’
Alexandre Bergel
... and those pieces are inserted in a pool
10
...
Alexandre Bergel
Implementation based on TinyOS/NesC
11
Mote/Mica/...
4k RAM devices
TinyOS
NesC Realtalk
Alexandre Bergel
Conclusion
• Realtalk is a scripting language dedicated to small sensor
device with high limited resources.
• It provides advanced features regarding:
– component interactions
– component specialization
– sensor programming
• On going work focuses on large software construction.
12

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REALTALK

  • 1. REALTALK A Programming Language for Wireless Embedded Sensor Network Alexandre Bergel Siobhán Clarke Distributed Systems Group Trinity College Dublin
  • 2. Alexandre Bergel Programming wireless sensor devices is difficult • Embedded sensor systems are difficult to program. • Power consumption, memory management, hardware abstraction: – component maintenance: the C programming language prevents software component from being easily maintained. – sensor asynchronism: sampling is achieved by emitting and receiving events. 2
  • 3. Alexandre Bergel Sensor sampling creates disruption in the app 3 CPU Sensor Request for a sampling answer measurement Optimizing resource is critical!
  • 4. Alexandre Bergel Sensor sampling creates disruption in the app 4 CPU Sensor Request for a sampling answer measurement Data passing is critical!
  • 5. Alexandre Bergel Realtalk: An Object-based language Goal: making embedded programming easier and providing advanced hardware abstraction. Creation of a counter application: RTObject subclass: #Counter variableNames: ‘leds timer value’. Counter compile: ‘start value := 0. timer invoke: #triggeredMethod every: 500.’ Counter compile: ‘triggeredMethod value := value + 1. leds display: value.’ 5
  • 6. Alexandre Bergel Object composition and hybrid type system Linking the counter to the leds and a timer: RTObject subclass: #Counter variableNames: ‘leds timer value’. Counter composeWith: { #leds -> Leds. #timer -> Timer } Realtalk supports an hybrid type system. 6
  • 7. Alexandre Bergel Class specialization Let’s emit a sound at each increment: Counter subclass: #SoundCounter variableNames: ‘sounder’ aliases: { #triggeredMethod -> #incAndDisplay}. SoundCounter compile: ‘triggeredMethod self incAndDisplay. leds isRedOn ifTrue: [sounder start] ifFalse: [sounder stop].’ 7
  • 8. Alexandre Bergel Example of Controlled Disruption Reading two sensors and emitting their sampling: AnyObject compile: ‘readingTwoSensors | value1 value2 | leds display: 1. value1 := lightSensor read. leds display: 2. value2 := soundSensor read. leds display: 3. radio emit: (value1 + value2).’ 8
  • 9. Alexandre Bergel Method is cut down into pieces... 9 Reading two sensors and emitting their sampling: AnyObject compile: ‘readingTwoSensors | value1 value2 | leds display: 1. value1 := lightSensor read. leds display: 2. value2 := soundSensor read. leds display: 3. radio emit: (value1 + value2).’
  • 10. Alexandre Bergel ... and those pieces are inserted in a pool 10 ...
  • 11. Alexandre Bergel Implementation based on TinyOS/NesC 11 Mote/Mica/... 4k RAM devices TinyOS NesC Realtalk
  • 12. Alexandre Bergel Conclusion • Realtalk is a scripting language dedicated to small sensor device with high limited resources. • It provides advanced features regarding: – component interactions – component specialization – sensor programming • On going work focuses on large software construction. 12