Sexualities Project - Chile team

1. Chile November 2006 Teresa Valdés (coordinator )

3. This investigation has a research-intervention focus on: A state of the art of research and teaching on gender and sexualities in universities . To establish, with a certain historical depth, the quality and/or precariousness of courses on gender and sexuality/ies, through an electronic survey and semi-structured interviews to key informants To elaborate a curriculum proposal to influence the teaching of gender and sexuality/ies in Chile

7. Table 1. SERNAM Figures (2000) Universities in the Rectors Council (n=25) With courses and/or programs on Gender and Sexuality =11 (44%) Without courses and/or programs on Gender and Sexuality =14 (56%) Universities outside the Rectors Council (n=36) With courses and/or programs on Gender and Sexuality =3 (8.3%) Without courses and/or programs on Gender and Sexuality =33 (91.6%) Total number of Chilean universities with courses on Gender and/or Sexuality: 22.9% (source: http://www.sernam.cl/basemujer/ ) General comparison gender and sexuality/ies courses

10. Electronic survey Areas of expertise of the researchers/teachers -Gender, subjectivities, sexuality -Gender studies, masculinities and public policy -Human sexuality -Sexualities and sexual diversity -Sex education -Sex education and adolescence. Obstetrics and gynecology – Pediatric gynecology -International Law of Human Rights, Health, Reproductive rights and bioethics Almost all teachers are researchers. They teach as a consequence of their research experience

12. Electronic survey Courses dictated by informants in universities in the last 3 years by level Source: Electronic survey (16 answers) COURSE LEVEL nº % Undergraduate 28 68.3 Specialization course 3 7.4 Masters 5 12.2 Diploma 2 4.9 Classroom Specializing Course 1 2.4 Virtual Specializing Course (WebCT Platform) 1 2.4 Virtual Extension (WebCT Platform) 1 2.4 TOTAL 41 100.0

13. Electronic survey Permanence of the courses The courses with more permanence in Undergraduate programs are: - Sociology of Gender, University of Concepción - 1997 - Sociology of Gender, Alberto Hurtado University 2000. Both are compulsory for the Sociology Undegraduate Degree. Most of the courses were taught after 2000. This may show a growing interest by university students to include gender and/or sexuality/ies issues as part of their academic formation. The exceptions are the course on sex education taught since 1987 to these day as faculty training in the School of Medicine (U. of Chile) and the Sociology of Gender course taught at the University of Concepción since 1997

18. Electronic survey When asked if their concept of sexuality includes a gender perspective, which and how it is included, all the informers pointed out that to talk about sexuality implies the notion of gender. A first emphasis is made in the domination of women. Other point out gender as just another variable within a more complex definition of identity/ies because this is also linked to ethnicity, age, socio-economic status, etc. Others put more emphasis in sexuality/ies as an inherent component of the gender concept and experience.

19. Electronic survey When asked if they include a rights perspective, most of the professionals answer affirmatively and described it from each professional background. Finally, some of the professors interviewed incorporate a vision of the historical process of rights and citizenship construction.

20. Electronic survey Bibliography The survey included the question: “If you had to choose 5 authors that cannot be absent in the course, which ones would they be?” This was asked in order to visualize whether there is a theoretical conceptual body shared by Chilean academics or, if there is instead a dispersion of authors from different areas. This enables us to see the most commonly used conceptual perspectives and the limitations there are from the view point of the interests of this research.

21. Bibliography AUTHOR (REFERENCES) BOOK OR ARTICLE TITLE Michel Foucault (9) Historia de la sexualidad (Tomo 1,2 y3) Microfísica del Poder Marta Lamas (8) El género, la construcción social de la diferencia sexual Género: los conflictos y desafíos del nuevo paradigma La antropología feminista y el género Usos, dificultades y posibilidades de la categoría de género Cuerpo e identidad Jeffrey Weeks(8) Sexualidad El malestar de la sexualidad La construcción de las identidades genéricas y sexuales. La naturaleza problemática de las identidades Joan Scott (4) El género: una categoría útil para el análisis histórico Marcela Lagarde (4) Los cautiverios de la mujer: madresposas, monjas, putas, presas y locas Gayle Rubin (3) El tráfico de mujeres: notas sobre la “economía política” del sexo Teresita de Barbieri (3) Sobre la categoría de género, una introducción teórico-metodológica Certezas y malos entendidos sobre la categoría de género.

22. Bibliography AUTHOR WIT 2 MENTIONS BOOK OR ARTICLE TITLE Bordieu, Pierre La dominación Masculina Bozon, Michel Sociologie de la sexualité Butler, Judith Gender Trouble Mecanismos psíquicos del poder. Teorías sobre la sujeción Preciado, Beatriz Manifiesto Contrasexual Montecino, Sonia. Mujeres, espejos y fragmentos. Antropología de género y salud en Chile del Siglo XXI (con Astro R., De la Parra M. A, comps.) Conceptos de Género y Desarrollo (con Rebolledo, Loreto) Fuller, Norma Masculinidades. Cambios y permanencias Pick de Weiss S. Pl aneando tu vida Programa de educación sexual para adolescentes Rebecca Cook El Feminismo y los Cuatro Principios Éticos y Derechos Humanos de la Mujer.