Hardening city lifelines is always a good strategy. Powerpoint presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction

1. STRATEGIES FOR BECOMING
DISASTER RESILIENT
DURING 2013

2. PART 4: MAKE CRITICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
DISASTER RESILIENT

3. STRATEGY: “CONCENTRATE
YOUR POLITICAL AND TECHNICAL
RESOURCES ON ACHIEVING ONE
BIG OBJECTIVE -- SUCH AS
DISASTER RESILIENT
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS”
[Credit: The late George Ritchie, UK]

4. WHAT HISTORY TEACHES
• THE FRAGILITY OF A
CITY’S LIFELINES (I.E,
INFRASTRUCTURE)
WILL PREVENT THE
CITY FROM
BECOMING DISASTER
RESILIENT.

5. LOSS OF FUNCTION OF A
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
CAN PARALYZE
LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND
INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY
RESPONSE

6. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• Provide an essential function to
society by moving people and
goods from point “A” to point “B”
• Represent a substantial share of a
country’s GDP (11% for USA.)

7. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• Types: Roads, railroads, mass
transit, water-borne and air
transport systems, and
pipelines
• Scales: urban, regional,
national, and international.

8. ELEMENTS OF
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• Built infrastructure • Operations side
• roads, runways, • vehicles, traffic
airports, terminals, safety and control,
railways, stations, power, commun-
canals, ports, traffic ications and
control centers, signaling,
maintenance and maintenance,
operation facilities, transportation
pipelines, etc. operators, etc.

9. FEATURES THAT AFFECT
RESILIENCY
 They extend over broad
geographical areas
 They have large numbers of
components that are subject to
either POINT or AREA failures.

10. FEATURES THAT AFFECT
RESILIENCY (Continued)
 Roadways and railways frequently
follow river valleys (easier and
cheaper to build)
 Utilities, including pipelines, often
follow right-of-ways (reduces legal
problems and costs)

11. FEATURES THAT AFFECT
RESILIENCY (Continued)
Multiple entities have
responsibility for or oversight of
the system
Typically owned by public
entities and publicly funded
Usually self insured

12. FEATURES THAT AFFECT
RESILIENCY (Continued)
Different modes of trans-
portation interact with each
other and other elements of
the city’s built environment
(hence, the name, Lifeline
Systems”).

13.  HIGHWAY SYSTEMS
Flooding from tropical storms,
hurricanes, and typhoons, and
tsunamis,
Landslides (rock falls, spreads,
slides, flows)
Earthquakes (ground shaking)

23. TSUNAMI ARRIVAL: SENDAI,
JAPAN; MARCH 11, 2011

28. TYPHOON MORAKOT: TAIWAN;
LANDSLIDE BURIES VILLAGE
OF 1,000

48.  AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)

52.  RAILROAD SYSTEMS
Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)

55.  PIPELINE SYSTEMS
Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)

59. TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS
ACCEPTABLE RISK
•NAT. HAZARDS
•INVENTORY RISK
•VULNERABILITY UNACCEPTABLE RISK
•LOCATION
VULNERABILITY
REDUCTON
DATA BASES
YOUR
AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY
SOCIETAL RESILIENCE
HAZARDS:
•LIFELINE STANDARDS
GROUND SHAKING •SITING AND ROUTING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
•EMERGENCY REPAIRS
TECTONIC DEFORMATION • RECONSTRUCTION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS •EDUCATIONAL SURGE