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Message From President
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabaarakatuh
and Salam Sejantera
Alhamdulillah, first of all, I am pleased to have an opportunity to
communicate to all of you through this first issue of MyCT electronic
newsletter. MyCT was legally registered by ROS in February 2013, and
would like to thank all members of the MyCT’s Board of Management,
who have worked very hard so that our dream to become a legitimate
association prevailed.
Through the publication of this quarterly newsletter, I really hope that
all of our members would provide latest update on interesting
innovative developments and applications in the field of computed
tomography and imaging technology. I would like to extend my
invitation to all members regardless where you are, to continuously
support the effort of developing and promoting these subjects for the
benefit of our nation. MyCT will act as a nucleation centre for bringing
together students, researchers, scientists and practitioners from
different backgrounds in the field of computed tomography and
imaging technology to exchange ideas, to share experiences, to
encourage skill development and to combine effort for many types of
capacity building for the healthy growth of our country.
Let me convey my heartiest gratitude to everyone who involved
directly or indirectly to the production of this issue. I would like to
congratulate the editorial members of this electronic newsletter for
their hardwork and I am hopeful that it will go a long way in
strengthening information dissemination to all members.
We will have a meeting of the MyCT’s Board of Management during
our 2nd colloquium/seminar at Universiti Teknologi Petronas in May
2013 with an important agenda and opportunity to shape our plans
for the next two years.
I look forward to seeing you in Sri Iskandar, Perak . Thank you
MyCT Board of Management
2013/2015
President :
Dr. Jaafar Abdullah
(Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
Deputy President :
Prof. Dr. Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
(UTM)
Secretary :
Engku Mohd Fahmi Engku Chik
(Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
Deputy Secretary :
Salzali Mohd
(Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
Treasurer :
Dr. Elmy Johana Mohamad
(UTHM)
Committee Members :
Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohd Sobri Takriff
(UKM)
Assoc. Prof Dr. Zainul Ahmad Rajion
(USM)
Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Idris Ismail
UTP)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sam’an Malik Masudi
(USM)
Dr. Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman
(UniMAP)
Dr. Mohd Hezri Fazalul Rahiman
(UiTM)
Yasmin Abdul Wahab
(UMP)
Suzanna Ridzuan Aw
(TATIUC)
Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos
(Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
Roslan Yahya
(Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
A Brief History of CT
Computed Tomography (CT) has its roots in the early part of this century. In
1917, the Austrian mathematician, Johann Radon (1887-1956) described a
mathematically rigorous inversion formula for reconstruction of an object
from its projections. Although Radon’s work fell into obscurity after the First
World War, the problems of image reconstruction were tackled by Ronald N.
Bracewell (1956) in the field of astronomy and William H. Oldendorf (1961), an
American neurologist frustrated by the inadequacy of X-ray images, devised an
electronic apparatus designed to overcome existing technical and
computational difficulties. In the late 1950s, Allen McLeod Cormack (a
physicist) proposed that if sufficient X-ray views were taken at different
angles, a cross-sectional matrix of mathematical coefficients could be
calculated. These coefficients could then each be given a value of intensity on
a grey scale from which an image of the internal structure or anatomy of the
object or body being studied could be constructed. His early studies led to a
mathematically accurate way of quantitatively reconstructing cross-sectional
images from x-ray projections.
In the late 1960s, the British scientist Godfrey Hounsfield was
independently developing his ideas that mathematical techniques could be
used to reconstruct the internal structure of the body from a number of x-ray
measurements. He concluded that quantitative tomographic techniques could
produce up to 100 times more accurate measurements than conventional
radiographic methods. This realization motivated the construction and testing
of several prototype scanners in the Central Research Laboratories of Elector-
Musical Instruments Ltd. (EMI).
These efforts eventually resulted in the construction of the
first clinical X-ray CT scanner of the head, called the EMI brain scanner, which
was installed at Atkinson Morleys Hospital, Wimbledon, England, in 1971.
With the successful introduction of the EMI brain scanner into the clinical
arena, an explosive development and marketing of CT scanners started with
an increasing accumulation of published data in the early 1980s. The potential
utilization of 3D imaging in biomedical research is now being explored.
During its 25-year history, CT has made great improvements in
speed, patient comfort, and resolution. As CT scan times have gotten faster,
more anatomy can be scanned in less time. Faster scanning helps to eliminate
artifacts from patient motion such as breathing or peristalsis. CT exams are
now quicker and more patient friendly than ever before. Tremendous
research and development has been made to provide excellent image quality
for diagnostic confidence at the lowest possible x-ray dose.
From the Chief Editor
Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
In March 2013, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has organized regional training course hosted by Centre
for Applications of Nuclear Technique in Industry (CANTI), Vietnam Atomic Energy Agency (VAEA). This course is a
part of the IAEA technical cooperation activities for knowledge and technology transfer to the ASEAN developing
country on Industrial Process Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (INSPECT). The course took place at
the Best Western Dalat Hotel, Dalat, Vietnam, from 11-15 March 2013 and attended by 20 participants from
Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Korea, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and
Vietnam. Mr. Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos and Mr. Roslan Yahya who is MyCT’s member from Malaysia was
elected and has been invited to participate the course.
Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
IAEA/RCA Regional Training Course on INSPECT at Vietnam.
1st MyCT Members Meeting at Sama Sama Hotel KLIA
1st CTiG Board Meeting in 2013 was held at Sama Sama Hotel, KLIA. The one day meeting took place on 15th January
2013 and attended by top management of CTiG. This meeting was organized by Malaysian Nuclear Agency together
with University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The main purpose of this meeting was to create a new society which
based on Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology. This idea was proposed by our Chairman, Dr. Jaafar
Abdullah since CTiG was established from 2012, it was attracted many researchers, practitioners and expertise from
various organizations to participated. The new name proposed for this society is “Malaysia Society for Computed
Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)”. One of the main objective of this society is to organised and shall be
exclusively operated for the purpose of advancing scientific, engineering and technical knowledge in the field of
computed tomography and imaging technology through education, R&D and the compilation and dissemination of
relevant information useful to members and beneficial to the general public. Moreover it is also the purpose of the
society to establish linkage with other technical and scientific organisations in the dissemination and exchange of
information in enhancing the promotion of the advancement and recognition of computed tomography and imaging
technology practice in Malaysia. Under this society also will be create a new sub-committee such as committee of
Technical & Training, Publication & Promotion, Research & Development (R&D) and Human Capital. The 2nd meeting
in this year will be held in Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Tronoh, Perak on 30th May 2013.
The introduction of open source software in computer imaging, with its source code made available
and licensed with an open source license, has given some light in medical imaging research . Open source software is
normally developed by the higher learning institutions or research centres which later shared their codes in the
internet for other researchers to use. Examples of open source software that are normally used to interpret CT images
and published in academic journals are 3D Slicer (www.slicer.org), Osirix (www.osirix-viewer.com), and MITK
(www.mitk.org) (Fig. 1 and 2). These open source software are freely available and could be downloaded from the
internet anytime and from anywhere. Not only this software could analyse CT images and produce results similar to
commercial software, their application or framework is flexible and extensible. In other word, the application could be
modified and tailored to the researchers’ needs by extending the available source code.
The question of validity and reliability of the open source software is essential in analysing CT images
for clinical investigation and assessment. The open source software has been tested in several studies and the authors
suggested that they are valid and reliable. Therefore, open source software is appropriate and relevant for processing
and analysing CT images in clinical applications.
Fig. 1. Visualisationof brain tumour from CT images applying
open source MITK software indicatingthe location and size of
the tumour with 3D reconstruction
Fig. 2. Delineation of intracranial volume in 2D (left) and 3D reconstruction(right)applying open source MITK software
Computed tomography and open source software
By Johari Yap & Azlan Jaafar, CraniofacialScience Cluster, School of Dental Sciences, USM.
Computed tomography (CT) scan is a procedure used to
capture images of the inside of the human body. These
images are used in diagnostics, as teaching tools, and in
routine healthcare for a variety of conditions. With the
growth of computers and imaging technologies, medical
imaging has greatly influenced the medical field. It is
possible to extract quantifiable information from slices
taken through different parts of the ‘living’ human body.
Structures in the CT slices are directly comparable to
physical slices, which may be quantified to extract useful
three-dimensional (3D) information.
Analyze (Mayo Clinic, USA) and Mimics
(Materiliase NV, Belgium) are two examples of
commercial software that are widely used for medical
image analyses. The software is comprehensive and
renowned among medical practitioners and researchers.
However, they are expensive to purchase and maintain,
which may be a limitation for small research institution
planning to start up an imaging department facility.
Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
26-28 Dec 2012, a Workshop on
eScience Proposal Preparation has
been organized by the Protom I
research group at the Mahkota Hotel
Melaka, Melaka. This workshop was
fully sponsored by the INFOCOMM
Research Alliance (ICRA), Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia and the event was
officiated by the Dean of ICRA, Prof. Ir.
Dr. Abu Bakar Muhamed. Prof. Dr.
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim (Head of RG) as
the main speaker through out the 3
day s workshop has successfully
facilitated 11 participants from the
research group in eScience Proposal
preparation and application. There
There are 14 research members in the Protom-I RG led by Prof. Dr.
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim in 2012. Two new members, Dr. Mohd Amri Md
Zain and Dr. Mohamed Sultan bin Mohamed Ali have joined the
group in March and Oct 2012 respectively. The RG members current
research control, sensors, instrumentations and applications related
environmental, agricultural and industry process. In 2012, Protom-I
members have successfully participated in various competitions and
exhibitions. A total of 7 awards have the team members with a total
of RM 803,000.00 been won by grant awarded to the research group
members. A total of 42 papers (CIF: 29 papers with CIF - 28.42 and
SCOPUS: 13) have been published by the research group members.
Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
Proposal Workshop at Mahkota Hotel Melaka
are 11 prospective proposals proposed by the participants. Comments and improvements have been done during
the workshop to ensure all proposals complied with the eScience funding requirements before submission. Besides
that, during the workshop, Prof. Dr. Ruzairi has motivated the team members to create research proposal bank to
store their research ideas for other funding offers in the future. All participants have gained a lot of information
related to eScience proposal writing during these 3 days workshop. Protom-I RG aims to apply for more external
grants in the year of 2013.
2012 PROTOM-I RG Updates and Achievements
Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
MyCT Next Event
Previous CTiG Newsletter
Event Venue Date
3rd Seminar of Computed Tomography and Imaging
Technology 2013
Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Tronoh
30 May 2013
2nd Meeting Board of Management MyCT 2013 Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Tronoh
30 May 2013
MalaysiaInternational NDT Conference and
Exhibition 2013 (MINDTCE’13)
Sunway Putra Hotel,
Kuala Lumpur
16 – 18 June 2013
6th International Workshop on Process Tomography Malaysia In 2017
Malaysian Society of Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
c/o Suite 29T026,Industrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency,
Bangi,43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Tel: 03-89250510 Fax: 03-89250907 E-mail:jaafar@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my

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1st MyCT e-Newsletter

  • 1. Message From President Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabaarakatuh and Salam Sejantera Alhamdulillah, first of all, I am pleased to have an opportunity to communicate to all of you through this first issue of MyCT electronic newsletter. MyCT was legally registered by ROS in February 2013, and would like to thank all members of the MyCT’s Board of Management, who have worked very hard so that our dream to become a legitimate association prevailed. Through the publication of this quarterly newsletter, I really hope that all of our members would provide latest update on interesting innovative developments and applications in the field of computed tomography and imaging technology. I would like to extend my invitation to all members regardless where you are, to continuously support the effort of developing and promoting these subjects for the benefit of our nation. MyCT will act as a nucleation centre for bringing together students, researchers, scientists and practitioners from different backgrounds in the field of computed tomography and imaging technology to exchange ideas, to share experiences, to encourage skill development and to combine effort for many types of capacity building for the healthy growth of our country. Let me convey my heartiest gratitude to everyone who involved directly or indirectly to the production of this issue. I would like to congratulate the editorial members of this electronic newsletter for their hardwork and I am hopeful that it will go a long way in strengthening information dissemination to all members. We will have a meeting of the MyCT’s Board of Management during our 2nd colloquium/seminar at Universiti Teknologi Petronas in May 2013 with an important agenda and opportunity to shape our plans for the next two years. I look forward to seeing you in Sri Iskandar, Perak . Thank you MyCT Board of Management 2013/2015 President : Dr. Jaafar Abdullah (Agensi Nuklear Malaysia) Deputy President : Prof. Dr. Ruzairi Abdul Rahim (UTM) Secretary : Engku Mohd Fahmi Engku Chik (Agensi Nuklear Malaysia) Deputy Secretary : Salzali Mohd (Agensi Nuklear Malaysia) Treasurer : Dr. Elmy Johana Mohamad (UTHM) Committee Members : Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohd Sobri Takriff (UKM) Assoc. Prof Dr. Zainul Ahmad Rajion (USM) Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Idris Ismail UTP) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sam’an Malik Masudi (USM) Dr. Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman (UniMAP) Dr. Mohd Hezri Fazalul Rahiman (UiTM) Yasmin Abdul Wahab (UMP) Suzanna Ridzuan Aw (TATIUC) Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos (Agensi Nuklear Malaysia) Roslan Yahya (Agensi Nuklear Malaysia)
  • 2. A Brief History of CT Computed Tomography (CT) has its roots in the early part of this century. In 1917, the Austrian mathematician, Johann Radon (1887-1956) described a mathematically rigorous inversion formula for reconstruction of an object from its projections. Although Radon’s work fell into obscurity after the First World War, the problems of image reconstruction were tackled by Ronald N. Bracewell (1956) in the field of astronomy and William H. Oldendorf (1961), an American neurologist frustrated by the inadequacy of X-ray images, devised an electronic apparatus designed to overcome existing technical and computational difficulties. In the late 1950s, Allen McLeod Cormack (a physicist) proposed that if sufficient X-ray views were taken at different angles, a cross-sectional matrix of mathematical coefficients could be calculated. These coefficients could then each be given a value of intensity on a grey scale from which an image of the internal structure or anatomy of the object or body being studied could be constructed. His early studies led to a mathematically accurate way of quantitatively reconstructing cross-sectional images from x-ray projections. In the late 1960s, the British scientist Godfrey Hounsfield was independently developing his ideas that mathematical techniques could be used to reconstruct the internal structure of the body from a number of x-ray measurements. He concluded that quantitative tomographic techniques could produce up to 100 times more accurate measurements than conventional radiographic methods. This realization motivated the construction and testing of several prototype scanners in the Central Research Laboratories of Elector- Musical Instruments Ltd. (EMI). These efforts eventually resulted in the construction of the first clinical X-ray CT scanner of the head, called the EMI brain scanner, which was installed at Atkinson Morleys Hospital, Wimbledon, England, in 1971. With the successful introduction of the EMI brain scanner into the clinical arena, an explosive development and marketing of CT scanners started with an increasing accumulation of published data in the early 1980s. The potential utilization of 3D imaging in biomedical research is now being explored. During its 25-year history, CT has made great improvements in speed, patient comfort, and resolution. As CT scan times have gotten faster, more anatomy can be scanned in less time. Faster scanning helps to eliminate artifacts from patient motion such as breathing or peristalsis. CT exams are now quicker and more patient friendly than ever before. Tremendous research and development has been made to provide excellent image quality for diagnostic confidence at the lowest possible x-ray dose. From the Chief Editor Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
  • 3. In March 2013, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has organized regional training course hosted by Centre for Applications of Nuclear Technique in Industry (CANTI), Vietnam Atomic Energy Agency (VAEA). This course is a part of the IAEA technical cooperation activities for knowledge and technology transfer to the ASEAN developing country on Industrial Process Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (INSPECT). The course took place at the Best Western Dalat Hotel, Dalat, Vietnam, from 11-15 March 2013 and attended by 20 participants from Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Korea, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. Mr. Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos and Mr. Roslan Yahya who is MyCT’s member from Malaysia was elected and has been invited to participate the course. Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT) IAEA/RCA Regional Training Course on INSPECT at Vietnam. 1st MyCT Members Meeting at Sama Sama Hotel KLIA 1st CTiG Board Meeting in 2013 was held at Sama Sama Hotel, KLIA. The one day meeting took place on 15th January 2013 and attended by top management of CTiG. This meeting was organized by Malaysian Nuclear Agency together with University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The main purpose of this meeting was to create a new society which based on Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology. This idea was proposed by our Chairman, Dr. Jaafar Abdullah since CTiG was established from 2012, it was attracted many researchers, practitioners and expertise from various organizations to participated. The new name proposed for this society is “Malaysia Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)”. One of the main objective of this society is to organised and shall be exclusively operated for the purpose of advancing scientific, engineering and technical knowledge in the field of computed tomography and imaging technology through education, R&D and the compilation and dissemination of relevant information useful to members and beneficial to the general public. Moreover it is also the purpose of the society to establish linkage with other technical and scientific organisations in the dissemination and exchange of information in enhancing the promotion of the advancement and recognition of computed tomography and imaging technology practice in Malaysia. Under this society also will be create a new sub-committee such as committee of Technical & Training, Publication & Promotion, Research & Development (R&D) and Human Capital. The 2nd meeting in this year will be held in Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Tronoh, Perak on 30th May 2013.
  • 4. The introduction of open source software in computer imaging, with its source code made available and licensed with an open source license, has given some light in medical imaging research . Open source software is normally developed by the higher learning institutions or research centres which later shared their codes in the internet for other researchers to use. Examples of open source software that are normally used to interpret CT images and published in academic journals are 3D Slicer (www.slicer.org), Osirix (www.osirix-viewer.com), and MITK (www.mitk.org) (Fig. 1 and 2). These open source software are freely available and could be downloaded from the internet anytime and from anywhere. Not only this software could analyse CT images and produce results similar to commercial software, their application or framework is flexible and extensible. In other word, the application could be modified and tailored to the researchers’ needs by extending the available source code. The question of validity and reliability of the open source software is essential in analysing CT images for clinical investigation and assessment. The open source software has been tested in several studies and the authors suggested that they are valid and reliable. Therefore, open source software is appropriate and relevant for processing and analysing CT images in clinical applications. Fig. 1. Visualisationof brain tumour from CT images applying open source MITK software indicatingthe location and size of the tumour with 3D reconstruction Fig. 2. Delineation of intracranial volume in 2D (left) and 3D reconstruction(right)applying open source MITK software Computed tomography and open source software By Johari Yap & Azlan Jaafar, CraniofacialScience Cluster, School of Dental Sciences, USM. Computed tomography (CT) scan is a procedure used to capture images of the inside of the human body. These images are used in diagnostics, as teaching tools, and in routine healthcare for a variety of conditions. With the growth of computers and imaging technologies, medical imaging has greatly influenced the medical field. It is possible to extract quantifiable information from slices taken through different parts of the ‘living’ human body. Structures in the CT slices are directly comparable to physical slices, which may be quantified to extract useful three-dimensional (3D) information. Analyze (Mayo Clinic, USA) and Mimics (Materiliase NV, Belgium) are two examples of commercial software that are widely used for medical image analyses. The software is comprehensive and renowned among medical practitioners and researchers. However, they are expensive to purchase and maintain, which may be a limitation for small research institution planning to start up an imaging department facility. Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT)
  • 5. 26-28 Dec 2012, a Workshop on eScience Proposal Preparation has been organized by the Protom I research group at the Mahkota Hotel Melaka, Melaka. This workshop was fully sponsored by the INFOCOMM Research Alliance (ICRA), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the event was officiated by the Dean of ICRA, Prof. Ir. Dr. Abu Bakar Muhamed. Prof. Dr. Ruzairi Abdul Rahim (Head of RG) as the main speaker through out the 3 day s workshop has successfully facilitated 11 participants from the research group in eScience Proposal preparation and application. There There are 14 research members in the Protom-I RG led by Prof. Dr. Ruzairi Abdul Rahim in 2012. Two new members, Dr. Mohd Amri Md Zain and Dr. Mohamed Sultan bin Mohamed Ali have joined the group in March and Oct 2012 respectively. The RG members current research control, sensors, instrumentations and applications related environmental, agricultural and industry process. In 2012, Protom-I members have successfully participated in various competitions and exhibitions. A total of 7 awards have the team members with a total of RM 803,000.00 been won by grant awarded to the research group members. A total of 42 papers (CIF: 29 papers with CIF - 28.42 and SCOPUS: 13) have been published by the research group members. Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT) Proposal Workshop at Mahkota Hotel Melaka are 11 prospective proposals proposed by the participants. Comments and improvements have been done during the workshop to ensure all proposals complied with the eScience funding requirements before submission. Besides that, during the workshop, Prof. Dr. Ruzairi has motivated the team members to create research proposal bank to store their research ideas for other funding offers in the future. All participants have gained a lot of information related to eScience proposal writing during these 3 days workshop. Protom-I RG aims to apply for more external grants in the year of 2013. 2012 PROTOM-I RG Updates and Achievements
  • 6. Malaysian Society for Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT) MyCT Next Event Previous CTiG Newsletter Event Venue Date 3rd Seminar of Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology 2013 Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Tronoh 30 May 2013 2nd Meeting Board of Management MyCT 2013 Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Tronoh 30 May 2013 MalaysiaInternational NDT Conference and Exhibition 2013 (MINDTCE’13) Sunway Putra Hotel, Kuala Lumpur 16 – 18 June 2013 6th International Workshop on Process Tomography Malaysia In 2017 Malaysian Society of Computed Tomography and Imaging Technology (MyCT) c/o Suite 29T026,Industrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi,43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Tel: 03-89250510 Fax: 03-89250907 E-mail:jaafar@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my