A101 Science Module done by Team 2 from Republic Polytechnic SIngapore of block and class W36F.

2. Content Page
Introduction to Blood Transfusion
What is Blood transfusion?
Ways of ensuring a successful blood
transfusion
How antigens & antibodies causes blood
transfusion to be successful or failure?
Can animal blood be transfused to
humans?

3. Introduction
In the past, there are several cases of severe bleedings
by many causes which results in serious consequences
such as death. Often, blood appeared to be the same.
However, when transfusion is done, some patients
received strange reactions including death.
Using the rescue mission program, our challenge to day
is to establish the conditions for a successful blood
transfusion.

4. What is blood
transfusion??
A blood transfusion is a safe,
common procedure in which you
receive blood through an
intravenous (IV) line inserted into
one of your blood vessels.

5. Ways of ensuring a successful blood
transfusion??
Good manufacturing practice
Good laboratory practice
Good hospital practice
Good clinical approach
All those who are involved in blood transfusion-related
activity must be aware of the importance of quality
management for its successful implementation.

7. ANTIGENS vs. ANTIBODIES
ANTIGENS ANTIBODIES
Foreign substance (bacteria, virus) Manufactured by the body to fight against
antigens
When antigen enters body, it stimulates the immune system to
produce antibodies.
Antibodies attach, or bind themselves to the antigen and
inactivate it.
(typically Y-shape)
HOWEVER.
The binding sites of each antibody, in turn, have a specific shape.
Only antigens that match this shape will fit into them

8. THEREFORE,
Blood transfusion containing antigens which is
INCOMPATIBLE with those in the body's own
blood will cause serious, potentially life-
threatening reactions.
(as antibodies and other bodily process wont be
able to destroy/remove the harmful foreign
substance)

9. So..
Can animal blood be transfused to
humans??
Animal blood cannot be transferred to humans
because our blood protein in the immune system will
not be able to recognize the animal’s blood protein.
This results the animal protein to be a “stranger” and
cause our body to fight against it.
Therefore, the animal blood will coagulate with human
blood reagents causing human blood to clot internally
and lead to death.

10. THANK YOU