Civics and Economics

1. Civics and
Economics
Final Review
#1

2. Under mercantilism, the thirteen American
colonies were expected to provide Great
Britain with
a) finished American-manufactured goods
b) raw materials and markets for British
products
c) officials to represent colonial interest in
Parliament
d) laborers to work in British factories

3. England used the economic philosophy of
______ to justify its regulation of trade in
North America.
a) capitalism
b) mercantilism
c) colonialism
d) socialism

4. Lumbering, shipbuilding, whaling, and
fishing were all successful industries in
the
– Middle Colonies
– Chesapeake Colonies
– New England Colonies
– Southern Colonies

5. The trading patterns that developed
between the American colonies, The
West Indies, the coast of Africa, and the
British Isles in the eighteenth century
were known as the
a) triangular trade
b) international trade
c) circular trade
d) cross-cultural exchange

6. How did the economies of the New England
colonies differ from those of the Southern
colonies?
a) The New England economies depended more on
the export of tobacco and grain.
b) Slaves and indentured servants were used more
frequently in the New England economies.
c) Overall, the New England economies were more
dependent on seacoasts and forests.
d) The New England economies sponsored Capitalism
more.

7. The ideals of the Athenian state, Roman law
and the Mayflower Compact contributed
most significantly to the growth of the
principles of
a) government under law and the consent of the
governed
b) religious freedom and women’s suffrage
c) checks and balances and separation of powers
d) racial equality and equal treatment under the law

8. Which feature of government was
developed most fully during the colonial
era?
a) Separation of church and state
b) an independent court system
c) universal suffrage
d) representative assemblies

9. In writing the Declaration of Independence,
Thomas Jefferson was influenced most
by John Locke’s idea of
a) Due process of law
b) natural rights
c) the rights of the accused
d) the right to privacy

10. The Virginia House of Burgesses was
important to the development of
democracy in the thirteen colonies
because it
a) provided an example of a representative form of
government
b) created the first written constitution in America
c) provided for direct election of senators
d) began the practice of legislative override of
executive vetoes

11. The Mayflower Compact is important to the
concept of a democratic society because
is represents
a) an effort by the colonists to use force to resist the
King.
b) a clear step toward self-government.
c) an early attempt to establish universal suffrage.
d) an attempt by the colonists to establish freedom of
religion.

12. The Mayflower Compact of 1620 is
considered an important step in the
development of democracy in America
because is
a) expressed the importance of self-gevernment
b) Established freedom of religion
c) created the first colonial judiciary
d) granted all males the right to vote

13. Which of the following best explains why the
Virginia House of Burgesses was
unusual?
a) It was the only colonial legislature governed by a
Catholic.
b) It made slavery illegal in the colony of Virginia
c) It was the first institution of representative
government in the colonies.
d) It ordered the separation of church and state.

14. The pamphlet Common Sense, by Thomas
Paine, aided the American cause in the
Revolutionary War because it
a) convinced France to join in the fight against
England
b) led to kthe repeal of the Stamp Act
c) created a new system of government for the United
States
d) persuaded individuals who were undecided to
support independence

15. The purpose of the Mayflower Compact was
a)the creation of a central religion
in the colonies.
b)the establishment of a self-
government based on the will of
the majority.
c) to determine what the form of
the economy would be for the
new colony.
d)to resolve conflicts with the
Native Americans.

16. Which of the following individuals most likely
believed in constitutional government,
religious tolerance and natural rights?
a)Charles Greenville
b)John Locke
c) Peter Stuyuvesant
d)William Pitt

17. John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau
would most likely to support
a)a return to feudalism in Europe
b)a government ruled by a divine
right monarchy
c) a society ruled by the Catholic
Church
d)the right of citizens to decide
the best form of government

18. What is the best heading for the outline
below?
_________________________
i. Committees of Correspondence
ii. Non-importation Agreement
iii. Boston Tea Party
iv. First Continental Congress
a) Protests against slavery in the American
colonies
b) British Parliamentary actions to punish
colonial Americans
c) Colonial responses to British mercantile
policies
d) Colonial attempts to end the British policy
of Salutary Neglect

19. a) In its economic relationship with its North
American colonies, Great Britain
followed the principles of 18th century
mercantilism by
a) outlawing the African slave trade
b) limiting the colonies’ trade with other nations
c) encouraging the development of manufacturing in
the colonies
d) establishing laws against business monopolies

20. Why did England establish the Navigation
Acts in the middle 17th century?
a) It was an attempt to make voyages to the New
World safer.
b) It was a way of enforcing its economic policy of
Mercantilism.
c) It was an attempt to end the slave trade.
d) It was trying to encourage certain industries like
iron mining and lumber.

21. Why were British mercantile laws ineffective
in the North American colonies?
» Most of the region offered little to no natural
resources.
» Not enough settlers came to the British colonies to
develop markets
» There were constant conflicts with Indians.
» The colonies produced goods highly similar to
those in Great Britain.

22. Which of the following was an attempt to
ease the burden of England’s debt in the
middle of the 18th century?
a) creation of the triangle trade
b) adoption of the Articles of Confederation
c) founding of the Sons of Liberty
d) enforcement of the Navigation Acts

23. The Proclamation of 1763 attempted to
prevent fighting in the colonies and war
with the Indians by
a) Preventing colonist from settling further west than
the Appellation Mountains
b) Forming an alliance between England and the
Iroquois tribes
c) Not allowing English Missionaries to settle in the
colonies.
d) Ended the Northwest Ordinance

24. The Famous colonial protest, “No taxation
without representation” called for which
of the following?
a) the creation of an inter-colonial union similar to the
one proposed by the Albany Plan of Union.
b) the granting of taxation powers to colonial
legislatures
c) the elimination of British Parliament
d) the opposition to all British Taxes until the colonies
were represented in Parliament.

25. The Famous colonial protest, “No taxation
without representation” called for which
of the following?
a) the creation of an inter-colonial union similar to the
one proposed by the Albany Plan of Union.
b) the granting of taxation powers to colonial
legislatures
c) the elimination of British Parliament
d) the opposition to all British Taxes until the colonies
were represented in Parliament.

26. Organized by _______, the ________ was a
famous protest of the _______.
a) Samuel Adams… Boston Tea Party…Tea Act
b) George Washington…Northwest Ordinance…
Proclamation of 1763
c) Alexander Hamilton…Whiskey Rebellion…
Townshend acts
d) George Greenville…Stamp Act Congress… Stamp
Act

27. Which of the following best demonstrates
the tensions that existed between
England and the colonies prior to the
Revolution?
a) the First Continental Congress
b) the Boston Massacre
c) the Writs of Assistance
d) the repeal of the Stamp Act

28. Which of the following groups most likely
opposed the Proclamation of 1763?
a) Sioux Indians living west of the Mississippi
b) Virginia tobacco planters seeking to enlarge their
lands
c) British sea merchants who purchased goods from
New England cities
d) the British colonial administrators in New York and
New Jersey.

29. The committees of correspondence were important
in pre- Revolutionary times for
a) Spreading propaganda about British grievances and
keeping alive British resistance
b) Creating an inter-colonial government that would
work with the British colonial administrators
c) Maintaining order in New England cities where anti-
British sentiment ran high
d) Enforcing the Townshend Acts

30. What was the Stamp Act Congress?
a) A branch of Parliament that oversaw the
enforcement of the Stamp Act in the colonies
b) A secret organization that met in Boston to protest
the Townshend Acts
c) A special colonial assembly that met in New York
City. calling for the repeal of the Sugar and Stamp
Acts
d) A colonial court that brought violators of the stamp
Act to trial

31. After the passage of the Townshend Acts,
how did the colonists protests?
a) They dumped tea in Boston Harbor
b) They formed settlements west of the
Appalachian Mountains
c) The Sons of Liberty created pamphlets to
spread anti-British Propaganda
d) Colonist boycotted British goods.

32. What was the title of the famous American
pamphlet that encouraged colonist to
break way from England and form their
nation?
a) Common Sense
b) Declaration of Independence
c) Northwest Ordinance
d) Albany Plan of the Union

33. The “shot heard around the world” refers to
which of the following ?
a) Events at the battle of Lexington
b) the final shot at the battle of Yorktown
c) the unexpected assassination of the English
king
d) the defeat of the French at the Battle of
Quebec

34. The first Continental Congress formed in
1774 in response to
a) the passage of the harsh Intolerable Acts
b) the battles at Lexington and Concord
c) England’s refusal to repeal the Stamp Act
create an alliance
d) the colonists’ action in the Boston Tea party.

35. The second Continental Congress issued
the Declaration of Independence to
a) formally state that the American colonies
were breaking away from Great Britain
b) create an alliance between the American
colonies and France
c) create a new plan of government
d) appoint George Washington as leader of the
continental army

36. The major objection that British colonists in
North America had to English rule was
that they were
a) Denied the right to arm themselves for
defense
b) Denied the rights of citizens who lived in
England
c) Forced to settle wilderness areas
d) Forced to farm crops ordered by England

37. Which feature of the United States system
of government is the most essential
aspect of democracy?
a) Judicial supremacy
b) A bicameral legislature
c) A powerful executive
d) Freedom of choice

38. a) The Intolerable Acts of 1774 were
fundamental in the development of the
– Declaration of Independence
– First Continental Congress
– Articles of Confederation
– Boston massacre

39. The British system of mercantilism was
opposed by many American colonist
because it
a) Placed quota on immigration
b) Discouraged the export of raw materials to
England
c) Placed restrictions on trading
d) Encouraged colonial manufacturing

40. In United States history, the phrase “a
government of laws. Not of men” has
been used to express the idea that
a) Sexism should legally be ended
b) All laws should apply equally to all persons
c) Government should interfere as little as
possible in people’s lives
d) Newly elected government leaders should
not be allowed to initiate changes in the law

41. “These are the times that try men’s souls/ The
summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in
this crisis, shrink from service of their
country….” Which
attitude is best reflected in this quotation?
a) Neutrality
b) Nationalism
c) Colonialism
d) Imperialism

42. What 18th century editor was tried for libel
for criticizing New York’s royal governor?
a) H.L. Mencken
b) John Peter Zenger
c) William Lloyd Garrison
d) Benjamin Franklin

43. Under mercantilism, the thirteen American
colonies were expected to provide Great
Britain with
a) Finished American-manufactured goods
b) Raw materials and markets for British
products
c) Officials to represent colonial interests in
Parliament
d) Laborers to work in British factories

44. One effect of the John Peter Zenger trial
was that
a) English common law was changed to make
truth a defense
b) The Star Chamber was no longer used
c) Newspapers were encouraged to take
greater risks in criticizing the government
d) Editors and publishers were forced to gain
royal approval before publishing

45. The United States government under the Articles
of Confederation could be considered a
success because it
a) Established a strong, widely respected foreign
policy
b) Created an open market that fostered interstate
trade
c) Set the nation on a sound financial base
d) Provided a system for governing the Western
territories that aided the nation’s expansion

46. The government that was created under the
Articles of Confederation lasted only a
few years because the government
a) Supported the extension of slavery into the
NW Territory
b) Lacked the ability to enforce its authority
c) Circulated a uniform paper currency
d) Compelled the states to abide by its treaties

47. Which statement is accurate about governmental
power under the Articles of Confederation?
a) States had more power than the central government
b) The executive branch of the central government
collected taxes
c) The central government was made stronger than
state governments.
d) The states with the largest populations had the most
votes in Congress

48. What 18th century editor was tried for
criticizing New York’s royal governor?
a) H. L. Mencken
b) John Peter Zenger
c) William Lloyd Garrison
d) Benjamin Franklin

49. What is the total number of electoral votes in
the US?
a) 435
b) 438
c) 535
d) 538

50. Which of the following is not a qualification
to vote?
a) Must be 18 years old
b) Must be registered
c) Must be born in the US
d) Must be a US citizen

51. The introduction of tobacco farming in North
America led to which of the following?
a) improved relations with the Indians
b) the end of the Atlantic slave trade
c) success for the English colony of
Jamestown
d) creation of the indentured servant program

52. What was the title of the famous American
pamphlet that encouraged colonists to
break away from England and form their
nation?
a) Common Sense
b) Declaration of Independence
c) Northwest Ordinance
d) Albany Plan of Union