1. Sample & Assay Technologies
Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis:
From Experimental Design through Data Analysis
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Jonathan.Shaffer@qiagen.com
microRNA Technologies, R&D Americas
The products described in this webinar are intended for molecular biology applications.
These products are not intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of disease.
2. Sample & Assay Technologies
Three part webinar series
miRNA and its role in human disease
Webinar 1 :
Speaker:
Webinar 2 :
Speaker:
Webinar 3 :
Speaker:
Meeting the challenges of miRNA research:
An introduction to microRNA biogenesis, function, and analysis
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Advanced microRNA expression analysis:
From experimental design through data analysis
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Profiling miRNA expression in Cells, FFPE, and serum:
On the road to biomarker development
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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3. Sample & Assay Technologies
Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Agenda
Overview
miRNA Background
miRNA expression profiling using a miScript miRNA PCR Array
How to calculate fold-change using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Setting the Baseline and Threshold
Data analysis example 1: Basic Experiment
Using the free miScript miRNA PCR Array data analysis tools
Data analysis example 2: Serum miRNA Experiment
Summary of QIAGEN’s miRNA detection portfolio
Current Promotion
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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4. Sample & Assay Technologies
Canonical pathway of miRNA biogenesis
Transcribed by RNA Polymerase II as
a long primary transcript (pri-miRNAs),
which may contain more than one miRNA.
In the nucleus, pri-miRNAs are processed to
hairpin-like pre-miRNAs by RNAse III-like enzyme
Drosha.
Pre-miRNAs are then exported to the cytosol by
exportin 5.
In the cytosol RNAse III-like Dicer processes these
precursors to mature miRNAs.
These miRNAs are incorporated in RISC.
miRNAs with high homology to the target mRNA
lead to mRNA cleavage.
miRNAs with imperfect base pairing to the target
mRNA lead to translational repression and/or mRNA
degradation.
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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5. Sample & Assay Technologies
Why quantify miRNAs?
HighWire + PubMed Publications
miRBase Entries
Virtually every publication includes characterization by quantification.
Changes in miRNA can be correlated with gene expression changes in development,
differentiation, signal transduction, infection, aging, and disease.
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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6. Sample & Assay Technologies
miRNA expression profiling applications
Mechanisms of gene regulation
Developmental biology
Novel miRNA discovery
Studying miRNA–mRNA and miRNA–protein interactions
Integrative analyses of miRNAs in the context of gene
regulatory networks
Biomarkers
Tissue-based miRNA biomarkers
Tissues of unknown origin
Circulating biomarkers
Forensics
From Pritchard, C.C., et al, Nature Rev. Genet 2012, 13, 358-369
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8. Sample & Assay Technologies
miRNA quantification by real-time PCR
Real-time PCR quantification of miRNAs
Has been the gold standard for gene quantification
Is the method of choice to confirm next-generation
sequencing and microarray results
Simple and easy to carry out
High sensitivity, specificity
High throughput compatible, automatable
Needs very low amounts of template
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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9. Sample & Assay Technologies
miRNA expression profiling using real-time PCR
Key considerations
Scientific question
Well-defined and testable
Experimental sample set
Statistically meaningful number of replicates (biological replicates)
A minimum of three replicates recommended
Additional replicates may enhance statistical power
Inclusion of proper controls
Experimental testing platform
Simple, straightforward workflow
High sensitivity and specificity
When profiling expression: a variety of PCR arrays to meet your
experimental needs
Easy and simple data analysis tools
Customizable solutions
Availability of companion research tools
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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10. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript PCR System
Fully integrated, complete miRNA quantification system
1.
miScript II RT Kit
HiFlex Buffer: Unparalleled flexibility for quantification of
miRNA and mRNA from a single cDNA preparation
HiSpec Buffer: Unmatched specificity for mature
miRNA profiling
2.
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
miRNome
Pathway-focused
3.
miScript PreAMP Kit
Optional step for small or precious samples
Full miRNome profiling from as little as 1 ng RNA
4.
Assays
miScript Primer Assays
miScript Precursor Assays
QuantiTect Primer Assays
5.
miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit
QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Master Mix
Universal Primer
6.
miScript miRNA PCR Array data analysis software
Straightforward, free data analysis
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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11. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript II RT Kit
A complete miRNA quantification solution
miScript II RT Kit
Mature miRNA
quantification and
profiling?
Biogenesis studies?
HiFlex Buffer
HiSpec Buffer
Flexible
detection of all
RNA molecules
Patent-pending
technology for the
specific detection
of mature miRNAs
Note: Only HiSpec Buffer is recommended
for use with miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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13. Sample & Assay Technologies
miRNome miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Leading coverage and validated assays
miRNome Arrays
Human
Mouse
Rat
Dog
Rhesus macaque
Species
Assays
(miRBase V16)
Human
940
Rat
653
Dog
277
Rhesus macaque
469 (V18)
100% validated assays
Each assay is bench validated
Each array is quality controlled
Leading miRNome coverage
Customizable
1066
Mouse
Benefits of miRNome Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
miRBase V17 and V18 assays are
available!
Contact us if you are interest in a
different species!
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14. Sample & Assay Technologies
Focused miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Biologically relevant, intelligently designed
Focused Arrays
miFinder
Cancer PathwayFinder
Brain Cancer
Breast Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Liver miFinder – New!
Apoptosis
Cell Differentiation & Development
Immunopathology
Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity
Diabetes
Neurological Development & Disease
T-Cell & B-Cell Activation
Prostate Cancer
Cardiovascular Disease
Serum & Plasma
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Benefits of Focused Arrays
100% validated assays
Each assay is bench validated
Each array is quality controlled
Biological relevant and up-to-date
Customizable
Contact us if you are interest in a
different species!
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16. Sample & Assay Technologies
Anatomy of a miScript miRNA PCR Array
96-well Format: 84 miRNA + 12 controls
84 miRNAs
Cel-miR-39
SNORD61; SNORD68; SNORD72
SNORD95; SNORD96A; RNU6-2
miRTC
PPC
Spike in
Control
miScript PCR Controls for
Normalization
RT
Control
PCR
Control
Cel-miR-39
Alternative data normalization using exogenously spiked Syn-cel-miR-39 miScript miRNA Mimic
miScript PCR Controls
Data normalization using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
miRNA reverse-transcription control (miRTC)
Assessment of reverse transcription performance
Positive PCR control (PPC)
Assessment of PCR performance
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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17. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript PCR Controls
Stable expression and excellent amplification efficiencies
Tissue Expression
35
Mean CT
30
SNORD61
SNORD68
25
SNORD72
20
SNORD95
15
SNORD96A
RNU6-2
10
5
Brain
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Skeletal
Muscle
Testis
Thymus
Amplification Efficiencies
Primer
Hsa
Mmu
Rno
Cfa
Mml
SNORD61
103
99
95
99
101
SNORD68
101
100
93
97
99
SNORD72
94
100
93
91
97
SNORD95
102
103
98
100
106
SNORD96A
102
95
95
92
104
RNU6-2
98
98
95
99
103
Highly conserved across multiple species
Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Rhesus macaque
Relatively stable expression in many tissues
Amplification efficiencies of these assays are 100%
Consistent performance in both HiSpec and HiFlex Buffers
Ideal normalizers for ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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18. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Formats built to fit your cycler AND your experiment
96-well
384-well
384-well (4 x 96)
Rotor-Disc 100
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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19. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Compatible with a wide range of instruments
96-Well: 7000, 7300, 7500, 7700, 7900HT, ViiA 7
FAST 96-Well: 7500, 7900HT, Step One Plus, ViiA 7
FAST 384-Well: 7900HT, ViiA 7
iCycler, MyiQ, MyiQ2, iQ5, CFX96, CFX384
Opticon, Opticon 2, Chromo 4
Mastercycler ep realplex 2/2S/4/4S
LightCycler 480
Mx3000p, Mx3005p, Mx4000p
TP-800
RotorGene Q
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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20. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
QIAGEN PCR Array Service Core
Send your samples and receive results!
Total RNA Isolation: miRNeasy Kits
Reverse Transcription: miScript II RT Kit
qPCR: miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Data analysis included!
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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21. miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Rapid Workflow = Robust, Reproducible Performance
1st Time Array User
1 hour
HiSpec Buffer
2 minutes
30
Mean CT: Biological Replicate 2
Sample & Assay Technologies
25
20
y = 1.0075x + 0.2891
2 hours
2
R = 0.989
15
15
20
25
30
Mean CT: Biological Replicate 1
15 minutes
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Total HeLa S3 (miRNeasy)
Pellet 1: Frozen June 2010
Pellet 2: Frozen April 2011
HiSpec Buffered cDNA
miScript real-time PCR
miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array
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22. Sample & Assay Technologies
Real-time PCR data analysis
Absolute quantification
Absolute input copies, based on a standard curve
Relative quantification
Comparative CT method: also known as the 2-∆∆CT method
Selection of internal control
Selection of calibrator (e.g. untreated control or normal
sample)
Assumes that the PCR efficiency of the target gene is
similar to the internal control gene (and that the efficiency
of the PCR is close to 100%)
Fold change = 2-∆∆CT
CT = 23.8
– ∆CT = CTGene - CTNormalizer
– ∆∆CT = ∆CT (sample 2) – ∆CT (sample 1) where sample 1
is the control sample and sample 2 is the experimental
sample
(1)
Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ.(2008):Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method. Nat Protoc.;3(6):1101-8
(2)
Livak, KJ, and Schmittgen, TD.(2001): Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2-∆∆CT Method
METHODS 25, 402–408
(3)
www.Gene-Quantification.info
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23. Sample & Assay Technologies
Data analysis workflow
Steps 1 & 2:
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine CT values
Step 3:
Export CT values
Step 4:
Analyze data using ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
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24. Sample & Assay Technologies
Steps 1 & 2
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine CT values
Baseline
Definition: Noise level in early cycles where there is no detectable increase in
fluorescence due to PCR products.
How to Set:
–
–
–
–
Observe amplification plot using the “Linear View”
Determine the earliest visible amplification
Set the baseline from cycle 2 to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification
Note: The number of cycles used to calculate the baseline can be changed and should be
reduced if high template amounts are used
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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25. Sample & Assay Technologies
Steps 1 & 2
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine CT values
Threshold
Purpose: Used to determine the CT (threshold cycle) value. The point at which
the amplification curve intersects with the threshold line is called the CT.
How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Log View”
– Place the threshold in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot, above
the background signal
– Note: Never set the threshold in the plateau phase
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26. Sample & Assay Technologies
Setting the Baseline and Threshold
Applied Biosystems® 7900HT
Baseline: 3 to 15
Threshold: 0.2
Baseline: From cycle 2 (or 3) to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification.
Threshold: Place in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot,
above the background signal.
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28. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays on Roche® LightCycler® 480
Use the Second Derivative Maximum analysis method
Select Second Derivative Maximum
analysis method
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Obtain CT Values
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29. Sample & Assay Technologies
Step 3: Export CT values
Normal Lung
40
36
32
32
28
28
CT Value
36
CT Value
Lung Tumor
40
24
20
24
20
16
16
12
FFPE Isolation 1
12
FFPE Isolation 2
8
FFPE Isolation 1
FFPE Isolation 2
8
FFPE Isolation 3
FFPE Isolation 3
4
4
1
7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73
1
7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73
One 5 µM FFPE section used per FFPE isolation
Each isolation is from a different section
On average, each isolation provided enough total RNA for:
– Two full human miRNome profiles
– Ten pathway-focused PCR arrays
RT: 125 ng total RNA, HiSpec Buffer
qPCR: Human miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array (0.5 ng cDNA per well)
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30. Sample & Assay Technologies
Step 4: Analyze data
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Normal (N) Lung Total RNA
N cDNA (Iso. 1)
N cDNA (Iso. 2)
Lung Tumor (T) total RNA
N cDNA (Iso. 3)
Exported CT values
T cDNA (Iso. 1)
Calculate ∆CT
for each miRNA
on each array
∆CT = CTmiRNA – AVG CTSN1/2/3/4/5/6
T cDNA (Iso. 2)
T cDNA (Iso. 3)
Exported CT values
∆CT = CTmiRNA – AVG CTSN1/2/3/4/5/6
Tip for choosing an appropriate snoRNA/snRNA controls for normalization
Make sure that the selected controls are not influenced by the experimental conditions
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Step 4: Analyze data (cont.)
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Normal (N) Lung
Lung Tumor (T)
Calculate ∆CT
for each miRNA
on each array
∆CT
∆CT
∆CT
∆CT
∆CT
∆CT
Calculate Average
∆CT for each miRNA
within group (N or T)
∆CT + ∆CT + ∆CT
∆CT + ∆CT + ∆CT
3
3
Calculate ∆∆CT for
each miRNA
between groups
(T – N)
∆∆CT = Avg. ∆CT (T) – Avg. ∆CT (N)
Calculate fold-change for each miRNA (T vs. N)
2-(∆∆CT)
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32. Sample & Assay Technologies
Step 4: Analyze data (cont.)
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Fold-Regulation: Tumor vs. Normal
Log2 Fold-Regulation (Tumor vs. Normal)
14
10
6
2
-2
-6
-10
-14
Significant differences exist between the mature miRNA
expression levels of the two tissue types
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33. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript’s straightforward, data analysis workflow
Incorporating the free miScript miRNA PCR Array Data
Analysis Software
Steps 1 & 2:
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine CT values
Step 3:
Export CT values
Step 4:
Access the free data analysis tools at
http://pcrdataanalysis.sabiosciences.com/mirna
Step 5 & on:
Automatic data using ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
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34. Sample & Assay Technologies
Steps 1 & 2
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine CT values
Baseline
Definition: Noise level in early cycles where there is no detectable increase in
fluorescence due to PCR products.
How to Set:
–
–
–
–
Observe amplification plot using the “Linear View”
Determine the earliest visible amplification
Set the baseline from cycle 2 to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification
Note: The number of cycles used to calculate the baseline can be changed and should be
reduced if high template amounts are used
Threshold
Purpose: Used to determine the CT (threshold cycle) value. The point at which
the amplification curve intersects with the threshold line is called the CT.
How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Log View”
– Place the threshold in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot, above
the background signal
– Note: Never set the threshold in the plateau phase
Important: Ensure that baseline and threshold settings are the same across all PCR
runs in the same analysis to allow comparison of results.
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35. Sample & Assay Technologies
Steps 3 & 4
Export CT values and access free analysis tools
Export CT values according to the manual supplied with the real-time PCR
instrument
Access the free miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis Tools
Website: http://sabiosciences.com/mirnaArrayDataAnalysis.php
– Web-based
– Excel-based
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36. Sample & Assay Technologies
Step 5: Automatic data analysis
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis Tools
Web-based software
No installation needed
Tailored for each array
Raw CT values to fold-change results
Using ∆∆CT Method
Multiple Analysis Formats
Scatter Plot
Volcano Plot
Multi-Group Plot
Clustergram
Downloadable Excel analysis templates are also available
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37. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5A
Website dedicated for array data analysis
http://pcrdataanalysis.sabiosciences.com/mirna
1. Choose Catalog Number
2. Upload exported CT values
3. Click Upload
Upload Readout Tab
This tab includes:
Uploading instructions
Data normalization instructions
Instructions that walk you through the data analysis
(right side of ‘Upload Readout’ Tab – not shown on
this image)
You can also Take a Test Run or Play Movie
Guide for help with using the software
What should you do at this page?
1.
2.
3.
Choose array catalog number from ‘Catalog
Number’ dropdown menu
Upload exported CT values from computer
Click Upload
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38. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5B
Readout Tab
Basic Setup
3. Click Update All Changes
1. Choose ‘Control Genes’
This tab includes:
All miRNAs and controls found on
chosen array
Column where Normalization RNA
(control gene) can be selected
All CT data uploaded to software
2. Designate CT values
column groups
What should you do at this page?
1.
2.
3.
Click boxes next to desired ‘Control
Genes’ (miScript PCR Controls are
pre-selected)
Designate columns of CT values as
Control, Group 1, Group 2, etc.
Click ‘Update All Changes’
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39. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5C
Readout Tab
View Housekeeping Genes
Choose ‘Normalized By’
Readout Tab
View Housekeeping
Genes, Data Overview, & Data QC
View Housekeeping Genes Tab
Selected ‘Control Genes’ can be
visualized and method of normalization
can be chosen
Data Overview Tab
This tab provides an overview of all
∆∆CT calculations performed by the
software
Readout Tab
Data QC
Data QC Tab
This tab provides an overview of QC
data associated with the miRTC
(reverse transcription control) and PPC
(positive PCR control)
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40. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5D
Analysis Result Tab: this tab provides an overview of all ∆∆CT related calculations and
provides a guide for you regarding the trust that you should place in your data (see red arrow)
Comments on
data quality
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41. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5E
Scatter Plot, Volcano Plot, Clustergram, and Multigroup Plot Tabs: When clicked, these tabs
provide various statistical outputs that will open as new windows. The scatter plot is included as
an example.
Scatter Plot
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42. Sample & Assay Technologies
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Step 5F
Export Data Tab: When clicked, results calculated by the miScript miRNA PCR
Array Data Analysis software can be exported to Microsoft Excel.
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43. Sample & Assay Technologies
Serum Sample analysis using the miScript PCR System
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44. Sample & Assay Technologies
Workflow: Serum & plasma miRNA expression profiling
1. Collect whole blood and separate serum or plasma
2. Recommended starting amount of serum or plasma: 100–200 µl
Note: If starting with 50 µl (or less) of serum or plasma, incorporate preamplification
3. Isolate RNA: miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit + miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Spike-in Control
4. Reverse transcription: Perform miScript II RT reaction (using HiSpec Buffer)
Per intended 384-well plate, reverse transcribe 1.5 µl RNA eluate (1/10th prep)
5. (Optional) Preamplification: If the starting amount of serum or plasma is 50 µl (or less),
perform preamplification using the miScript PreAMP PCR Kit
6. Real-time PCR: Profile miRNA expression using chosen miScript miRNA PCR Array
Array recommendations:
– miRNome miScript miRNA PCR Array
– Serum & Plasma 384HC miScript miRNA PCR Array
– Serum & Plasma miScript miRNA PCR Array
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45. Sample & Assay Technologies
Biomarker discovery workflow
Concept
Phase I (determined expressed miRNAs):
Pooled sample profiling,
Maximal Assays (miRNome or 384HC)
Phase II (determine differentially expressed miRNAs):
Individual profiling of samples (that went into pools),
Only Expressed miRNAs (< 384-well plate)
Phase III (statistical power):
Individual profiling of all samples in study,
Differentially Expressed miRNAs from Phase II (multiple samples per 384-well plate)
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Special data analysis case
Serum & Plasma Samples
Serum or plasma total RNA samples: The snoRNA/snRNA panel of
targets does not exhibit robust expression and therefore should not be
selected as Normalization Controls.
Typical CT Values for miScript PCR Controls in Serum Samples
Control
Serum Sample 1
Serum Sample 2
Serum Sample 3
SNORD61
36.3
34.3
35.8
SNORD68
34.6
35.0
35.3
SNORD72
35.0
35.0
35.0
SNORD95
31.1
39.3
33.5
SNORD96A
33.6
34.5
35.4
RNU6-2
37.9
39.1
35.0
Step 1: Calibrate samples using cel-miR-39 CT mean
Step 2: Normalize serum or plasma sample data
Option 1: Normalize CT values to CT mean of all commonly expressed miRNAs
Option 2: Normalize CT values to CT mean of invariant miRNAs
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47. Sample & Assay Technologies
Anatomy of a miScript miRNA PCR Array
96-well Format: 84 miRNA + 12 controls
84 miRNAs
Cel-miR-39
SNORD61; SNORD68; SNORD72
SNORD95; SNORD96A; RNU6-2
miRTC
PPC
Spike in
Control
miScript PCR Controls for
Normalization
RT
Control
PCR
Control
Cel-miR-39
Alternative data normalization using exogenously spiked Syn-cel-miR-39 miScript miRNA Mimic
miScript PCR Controls
Data normalization using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
miRNA reverse-transcription control (miRTC)
Assessment of reverse transcription performance
Positive PCR control (PPC)
Assessment of PCR performance
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48. Serum or plasma sample data normalization
Sample & Assay Technologies
Calibrate samples using cel-miR-39 CT mean
Uncalibrated
Assay
Sample 1
Sample 2
hsa-miR-16
16.0
19.0
hsa-miR-21
20.0
24.0
hsa-miR-192
23.0
26.0
hsa-miR-103
23.0
23.0
hsa-miR-25
22.0
25.0
cel-miR-39
18.0
21.0
Compared to sample 1, all assays in sample 2 appear to have delayed CT values
Compared to sample 1, cel-miR-39 in sample 2 also has a delayed CT value
Conclusion: calibrate samples (cel-miR-39 CT values indicate a differential recovery)
Calibrated (Sample 1 CT values +3)
Assay
Sample 1
Sample 2
hsa-miR-16
19.0
19.0
hsa-miR-21
23.0
24.0
hsa-miR-192
26.0
26.0
hsa-miR-103
26.0
23.0
hsa-miR-25
25.0
25.0
cel-miR-39
21.0
21.0
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Serum or plasma sample data normalization
Option 1: CT values normalized to CT mean of expressed miRNAs
Calculate the CT mean for commonly expressed miRNAs
Those miRNAs with CT values < 30 (or 32, or 35) in all assessed samples
12
Fold-Regulation
8
4
0
-4
-8
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50. Sample & Assay Technologies
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
Option 2: CT values normalized to CT mean of invariant miRNAs
Calculate the CT mean for invariant miRNAs
Choose at least 4 to 6 miRNAs that exhibit little CT variation
12
Commonly Expressed miRNAs
hsa-miR-92a
hsa-let-7c
hsa-miR-93
hsa-miR-21
hsa-miR-103a
hsa-miR-22
hsa-miR-126
hsa-miR-23a
hsa-miR-145
hsa-miR-24
hsa-miR-146a
hsa-miR-25
hsa-miR-191
hsa-miR-26a
hsa-miR-222
hsa-miR-26b
8
Fold-Regulation
hsa-let-7a
hsa-miR-423-5p
4
0
-4
-8
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51. Sample & Assay Technologies
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
Comparison of normalization methods
Option 1:
Commonly Expressed miRNAs
Option 2:
Invariant Panel of miRNAs
(miRNome, 384HC)
(small panel screening)
8
Fold-Regulation
12
8
Fold-Regulation
12
4
0
4
0
-4
-4
-8
-8
Note 1: In this example, fold-regulation looks highly similar, irrespective of the
chosen normalization method. This is correct, as your results should be
independent of the chosen normalization method.
Note 2: For small panel screening, do not use a CT mean of all miRNAs, as this
array is biased (miRNA assays included on this array are not random)
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Serum or plasma sample data normalization
miRNA expression profiling
2-∆CT: Breast Cancer vs. Normal
Normal Serum
1.E+01
30
26
22
Serum Isolation 1
18
Serum Isolation 2
Serum Isolation 3
1.E-01
1.E-02
miR-34a
1.E-03
1.E-04
1.E-05
1.E+01
200 µl serum
50 µl total RNA 5 µl total RNA, HiSpec Buffer
miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array
1.E+00
Workflow
-∆CT
1.E-01
2
1.E-02
1.E-03
miRNA
1.E-04
6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61
1.E-05
14
1
1.E+00
2
CT Value
34
-∆CT
: Breast Cancer Serum
38
: Normal Serum
one-half of cDNA used for 96-well
High reproducibility can be achieved using the miRNeasy Supplementary Protocol
Each isolation was from a different normal serum donor
Significant differences exist between the mature miRNA expression levels of the two tissue
types
± 2-fold [red lines] used as a cutoff for significance
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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53. Sample & Assay Technologies
Where can I find miScript miRNA PCR Arrays?
www.sabiosciences.com/mirna_pcr_array.php
miRNA Overview
miScript PCR System
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Products for functional studies
miRNA purification options
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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54. Sample & Assay Technologies
Where can I find miScript Primer Assays?
www.qiagen.com/GeneGlobe
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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55. Sample & Assay Technologies
QIAGEN’s miRNA portfolio
Your miRNA workflow, from sample to results!
Quantification
and profiling
miRNeasy Mini Kit, miRNeasy Micro Kit
miRNeasy 96 Kit
miRNeasy FFPE Kit
miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit
Profiling
Isolation
Functionalization
miScript II RT Kit and PreAMP Kit
HiPerFect Transfection Reagent
miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit
Attractene Transfection Reagent
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
miScript miRNA Mimics
miScript miRNA Data Analysis Tool
miScript miRNA Inhibitors
PAXgene Tissue miRNA Kit
miScript Primer Assay
Custom miScript miRNA Mimics
PAXgene Blood miRNA Kit
miScript Precursor Assay
miScript Target Protector
Supplementary protocol for miRNA from
Plasma and Serum
miScript PCR Starter Kit
miScript miRNA Inhibitor 96 and 384
Plates and Sets
QIAGEN Service Core
QIAcube
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
QIAgility
Rotor-Gene Q
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56. Sample & Assay Technologies
Upcoming webinars
Experimental Setup and miRNA Profiling webinars
Webinar 3: Profiling miRNA expression:
on the road to biomarker
development
Date:
April 24, 2013, 9:30 am EDT
Speaker:
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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57. Sample & Assay Technologies
Thank you for attending
Technical Support Contact Information
Monday through Friday
8:00AM to 6:00PM EST
Direct Phone: 888-503-3187
E-Mail: support@sabiosciences.com
http://www.sabiosciences.com/promotion/miscriptdemo.php
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58. Sample & Assay Technologies
Questions?
Thank you for attending today’s webinar!
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Jonathan.Shaffer@qiagen.com
microRNA Technologies, R&D Americas
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
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