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Geologic Storage of CO 2 : Leakage Pathways and Environmental Risks ,[object Object],Princeton University and Alberta Geological Survey May 2002
CO 2  Injection and Trapping Mechanisms Stratigraphic Trapping Solubility Trapping Mineral Trapping Hydrodynamic Trapping Precipitated Carbonate Minerals ~800 m Confining Layer(s) Injection Well Supercritical CO 2 Dissolved CO 2
Research Questions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Simulation of Injection of Supercritical CO 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CO 2  injection = 20 kg/s 50 m 10 m 790 m CO 2 Brine
Simulation of Injection of Supercritical CO 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],Radial distance [m] Depth [m] Mass of CO 2 /Volume [kg/m 3 ] Q brine  = 40 kg/s Radial distance [m] Depth [m] Mass of CO 2 /Volume [kg/m 3 ]
Simulation of Injection of CO 2 Dissolved in Water ,[object Object],[object Object],seal Total Mass CO 2  injected  = 3.1x10 7  kg  seal Total Mass CO 2  injected  = 1.2x10 9  kg  Mass of CO 2 /Volume [kg/m 3 ] Mass of CO 2 /Volume [kg/m 3 ]
Leakage  Pathways and Trapping Mechanisms Injected  Carbon Dioxide   Surface Ecosystems Confining Layer(s) Atmosphere lateral migration Localized vertical migration   fractures, faults, wells   Potable Water
Leakage Pathways: Abandoned Wells in the Alberta Basin
Simulation of leakage through a single abandoned well ,[object Object],[object Object],Depth [m]
Potential Effect on GW Quality -50 50 150 250 distance, m 2 yr. 4 yr. 6 yr. 8 yr. 10 yr. groundwater  flow CO 2  leakage deep brine aquifer drinking-water  aquifer 0.0E+00 3.0E-08 6.0E-08 9.0E-08 1.2E-07 Pb 2+ concentration, mol/L
[object Object],[object Object],Mammoth Mountain
Changes in Metal Uptake in Plants  Elevated soil CO 2 Ca 1989 Zn Mn c b 2001 Ambient soil CO 2 Mn Zn Ca 1989 2001
Acknowledgements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Geologic storage02

  • 1.
  • 2. CO 2 Injection and Trapping Mechanisms Stratigraphic Trapping Solubility Trapping Mineral Trapping Hydrodynamic Trapping Precipitated Carbonate Minerals ~800 m Confining Layer(s) Injection Well Supercritical CO 2 Dissolved CO 2
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Leakage Pathways and Trapping Mechanisms Injected Carbon Dioxide Surface Ecosystems Confining Layer(s) Atmosphere lateral migration Localized vertical migration fractures, faults, wells Potable Water
  • 8. Leakage Pathways: Abandoned Wells in the Alberta Basin
  • 9.
  • 10. Potential Effect on GW Quality -50 50 150 250 distance, m 2 yr. 4 yr. 6 yr. 8 yr. 10 yr. groundwater flow CO 2 leakage deep brine aquifer drinking-water aquifer 0.0E+00 3.0E-08 6.0E-08 9.0E-08 1.2E-07 Pb 2+ concentration, mol/L
  • 11.
  • 12. Changes in Metal Uptake in Plants Elevated soil CO 2 Ca 1989 Zn Mn c b 2001 Ambient soil CO 2 Mn Zn Ca 1989 2001
  • 13.