MCF51AG ColdFire MCUs for Large Appliance And Industrial Applications
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5. Motor Control Portfolio Kinetis MC33991 Dual Gauge Driver MM908E626 Stepper Motor Driver w/ LIN MPC17C724 0.4 Amp Dual H-Bridge Motor MC33879 Octal Serial Switch with Open Load Detect Current Disable MC33999 16-Output Switch with SPI and PWM Control MC33937 Three Phase Field Effect Transistor Pre-driver Analog Portfolio Ultra Low End – Low End 8Bit Hi-end 8-bit to Low-end 32-bit 3-phase sensored (V/Hz, Slip) Mid Range – 3-phase sensorless (vector control) 16-bit DSP Hi-end –DSP, 32-bit MCU/MPU S08MP16 56F801x S08QD4 56F800x 56F802x / 3x S08AC 51AC S08SH MPC5604P 56F82xx S08SF 32bit 16bit 8bit 51AG
14. External Watchdog Monitor EWM is a redundant wdog which monitors both programme code execution AND external supervisor circuit eg. a Emergency Shutdown Circuit Key Features: Clocked by independent LPO 1kHz RC osc 8 stage ripple counter Timeout period has min and max refresh time Refresh of counter requires CPU register update && EWM_in de-asserted. Else EWM_out will be asserted. (EWM_out can only be de-asserted with an MCU reset EWM does not assert an MCU reset. Counter CPU Service EWM_in EWM_out MCU RESET External Supervisor Circuits indicates a fault EWM_out asserted MCU RESET Required to de-assert EWM_out CPU refresh occurs too early EWM_out asserted. CMP_Low CMP_Low
18. MCF51AGxxx Part Numbers Notes : -40 to +105 Degs C ‘V’ temp part numbers also available * Suggested 10K Resale Pricing (subject to change). Part Number Temp Range Key Features Package 10ku Price MCF51AG128CLK -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 128kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 69 GPIO 80LQFP (14x14) $3.40* MCF51AG128CLH -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 128kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 53 GPIO 64LQFP (10x10) $3.23 MCF51AG128CQH -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 128kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 53 GPIO 64QFP (14x14) $3.27 MCF51AG128CLF -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 128kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 39 GPIO 48LQFP (7 x 7) $3.01 MCF51AG96CLK -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 96kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 69 GPIO 80LQFP (14x14) $3.22 MCF51AG96CLH -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 96kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 53 GPIO 64LQFP (10x10) $3.06 MCF51AG96CQH -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 96kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 53 GPIO 64QFP (14x14) $3.10 MCF51AG96CLF -40 to +85 C CF V1, DMA, iEvent, 96kB Flash, 16k SRAM, ADC, Flex-Timer, HSCMP/DAC, PDB, Serial Comms, ICS, CRC, COP, 39 GPIO 48LQFP (7 x 7) $2.91
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Hinweis der Redaktion
Welcome to the training module on MCF51AG ColdFire MCUs for Large Appliance And Industrial Applications.
This training module will introduce ColdFire MCF51AG microcontrollers and their key features.
The MCF51AG128 expands the extensive Coldfire product line. There’s a unique combination of IP that optimizes system performance and provides flexibility for industrial & appliance applications. The intelligent peripheral set integrates features that are important for appliance & industrial applications and the needs set by the IEC60730 standard on System Safety & Integrity. It is supported by a comprehensive set of software and hardware tools to ease development and speed the time to market.
The Appliance and Industrial markets are changing, with increasing use of Electronics in HMI, in Motor Control, in System Safety & Control. There is growth in the electronic content of the HMI, with increasing use of LEDs, Segments LCDs through to GUIs, with Touch an increasingly attractive and reliable input technology improving the aesthetic appearance of the appliance. AG128 is ideally placed to meet the evolving needs in this space with up to 128kB of Flash for storing languages, icons, menus; extensive serial communications peripherals for interfacing with other components or PCBs, and eGPIO with high current capability for driving LEDs and KBI on every digital pin providing flexibility in PCB design and layout. In terms of Energy Efficiency – there is a classic push: pull effect going on, with governments pushing the introduction of more legislation on EE, combined with more environmentally aware consumers demanding ever more energy efficient appliances. This is driving increased usage of advanced 3-phase Motor Control to Improve Energy Efficiency, and simultaneously reduce the Acoustic Noise generated by an appliance. The AG128 has integrated peripherals like the Flex Timer, ADC, PDB, HSCMP / DAC – that can be combined to control a 3-phase sensorless AC motor or 3-Phase BLDC. As Electronics becomes an increasingly important part of Industrial and Appliance products, legislation such as IEC60730 is introduced to ensure that companies comply with good practice when it comes to software design and the overall system safety and integrity of an electronic control module. The AG128 integrates new IP such as the AicCOP, EWM, H/W CRC Engine, and eGPIO which have all been developed to help appliance and industrial customers comply with the requirements detailed in legislation such as IEC60730 .
The AG128 is aligned to the emerging needs in advanced motor control, with integrated peripherals like the Flex Timer, ADC, PDB, HSCMP / DAC – that can be combined to control a 3-phase sensorless AC motor or 3-Phase BLDC.
Key Features of the 51AG family include: Up to 128Kbytes of Flash Program memory which can also support eeprom emulation. 100K W/E cycles. 16K bytes of RAM providing a 8:1 ration of Flash vs RAM. Timers: 2 16bit 6 channel FlexTimers, that can support dual 3 phase motor control with complementary pairing and dead time insertion, and automatic triggering and synchronising with ADC and HSCMPs. As well as the Advanced Independently Clocked W-Dog, and Exetranal Watchdog monitor, there is an independent clocked real time interrupt feature which helps implement “independent time slot monitoring” of the programme execution and interrupt usage, a key requirement for IEC 60730. 1 2channel 16bit Timer with programmable input capture, output compare and PWM modes In addition to these timers for IEC 60730 the 51AG128 also has a hardware CRC engine for fast creation of the flash array signature, and additional protection to communication protocols. Communication peripherals come in the form of 2 UARTS with fractional baud rate control, 2 synchronous SPIs, and one I2C module. All communication peripherals can interrupt the CPU of force a DMA transfer.
The MCF51AG128 expands the 32-bit ColdFire microcontroller portfolio by offering products with DMA and iEvent modules to handle data transaction and interrupt management, thereby off-loading CPU overhead and increasing overall performance. On Chip Memory allows the user to take full advantage of in-application re-programmability benefits in any environment. Analog to Digital Converter enables fast, easy conversion from analog inputs such as temperature, pressure and fluid levels, to digital values. Hardware trigger from PWM or PDB allows high-resolution conversions at any point in the PWM cycle with no additional CPU overhead. Multiple communication interfaces are used for simple and efficient data exchange. It also includes functionalities important for system safety and integrity, such as an advanced independently clocked COP, external watchdog monitor and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) engine providing CLK failure protection and memory content validation for applications covered by regulations such as IEC60730.
The intelligent Event module works with a DMA module to provide automatic peripheral to peripheral triggering without interrupting the main CPU. In addition the iEvent module can gate the triggering of a peripheral depending on the boolean status of four selected peripherals. Firstly we have a 4 channel DMA Direct Memory Access module where each channel can that can be triggered by 1 of 10 peripheral events to initiate a DMA transfer. Each channel transfer can also be used to trigger another DMA transfer. Typically the DMA can be used to alleviate CPU interrupts for communication peripherals such as UARTs, I2C and SPIs, or calculating the Flash array CRC signature in the background while the CPU executes other functions.
Here are some examples of typical use cases for the DMA in Industrial and Appliance embedded systems.
The iEvent (intelligent event module) also has 4 channels where each can select 1 of 16 peripheral events as an input. Via programmable options a Boolean formulae can be applied to each of the 4 channels A,B,C,D before initiating a DMA transfer. A simple example messages received on a SPI peripheral are ignored unless a GPIO port is asserted.
3 main blocks of iEvent module. Channel Setup - Selection of 4 event inputs (ChA, ChB, ChC, ChD) from 16 possible sources Event Setup - User-programmable combinational Boolean function evaluation (combining ands/ors) using the selected 4 event inputs Output Setup - Programmable configuration for use as an interrupt request (IRQ), a DMA request or a hardware trigger. Event Output can be set up as either one-shot or reoccurring mode of operation. And Programmable support for automatic broadcast of “done” indicator to the event input modules involved in the generation of the request
Utilising both the iEvent and the DMA wisely can provide manufacturers the capability to split their embedded software design into two groups, real time critcial events which are given CPU priority via the interrupt controller and non-real time crtical events that can be managed with the iEvent and DMA module in the background, and once all peripheral events have occurred the CPU can address these at a convenient time in the application. In essence , the iEvent & DMA peripherals provide a low cost implementation of co-processing with the Coldfire CPU.
The AicWdog has been designed to provide a more robust fault tolerent embedded system. Features include: Based on a 32bit counter & modulus register, user can program the timeout period to +/- 1 clock period, allowing the need for only 1 refresh routine Independent clock source from CPU clock, providing recovery from a stalled clock situation if it were to occur. Enabled on reset, wdog configuration must be completed in 128 Bus clock cycles or a reset will occur. This ensures if a runaway condition was to occur prior to configuration of the wdog the MCU would be placed into a safe condition very quickly. All configuration bits are write once after reset, thus cannot be modified by runaway code. Once written cannot be disabled. Unique double 16 bit word write required to refresh the wdog. This is more robust compared to simpler BSETs or AA/55 writes. Window mode for detection of code executing in main look too fast. A fast test mode of the timeout period and reset mechanism. By splitting the 32bit counter into four 8bit stages the watchdog can be tested in ~1024 clock cycles, allowing quicker start of application code after reset. Additional features include: Interrupt prior to forced reset option provides a excellent de-bug tool for tracing bugs in code. Note there is no interrupt only option as this is deemed not safe enough if a CPU clock stall was to occur! A robust Lock/Unlock config mechanism, if required can support modifying the wdog in application time. Requires a similare double 16bit word write as the refresh mechanism.
In addition to the AicWdog the 51AG128 MCU has an External Watchdog Monitor. The EWM is a simplified watchdog circuit that monitors both the CPU programme code execution and an external supervisor circuit, that would be analysing external hardware components, for example like an Emergency Shutoff Circuit. The EWM consists of a simple 8bit counter that is clocked by internal 1kHZ RC oscillator, and two digital signal pins EWM_in and EWM_out. It has a window mode where the EWM must be refreshed between a min and maximum count. The difference from a normal watchdog is that if the EWM is not refreshed within the window period, or, if the EWM_in pin is asserted, then the digital output pin EWM_out is asserted independent of the MCU’s reset circuitry. The EWM does not ever force an MCU reset. The EWM_out pin can then only be de-asserted with an MCU reset. The EWM provides a link between the MCU and an independent external monitoring circuit to synchronise and ensure critical features that could create a hazard are quickly placed into a safe condition.
In many industrial and Appliance applications manufacturers are looking to re-use a few microcontroller to fulfil many platform designs. For this they need as much flexibility on pin-out functionality as possible. The 51AG128 has enhanced the General purpose Input Output Registers , EGPIO, with the following features. The statuary data register and data direction register to provide programmable selection of output or input. In addition an extra PIN register which provides a read of the actual output pad when the pin is an output, providing an integrity feature so that software can verify the output pin is at the actual state intended. All pins have selectable internal pull-up or pull-down devices, saving on external discrete components. All pins have both passive(analog) filtering and digital filtering. This digital filtering can be selected also if the port pin is being used by another peripheral. All pins can force both a CPU interrupt, as well as initiating a DMA transfer, providing a method for keypad applications that do not steal valuable CPU resource. All pins also have programmable Slew rate control and extra current drive when utilised as an output, which provides flexibility in driving LEDs, opto-couplers, and low voltage gate IGBTs directly from the port pin and ensures that emissions from fast switching of these high currents are minimised. All 69 I/O pins have this capability which provides manufactures ultimate flexibility in their PCB design.
Pin Out is optimised for strong EMC performance, with pairs of power pins diametrically opposite each other, and all key analog functionality on one side of the die. Supported in 4 different package options, from 48LQFP through 64QFP/LQFP to 80LQFP, the MCF51AG family with 16 derivatives provides scalability and flexibility for customers to develop platform solutions which can be re-used across multiple applications.
Freescale also provide a comprehensive set of software and hardware tools to ease development and speed time to market. The Freescale Tower System is a modular development platform for 8/16/32-bit MCUs & MPUs that enables customers to quickly combine Tower Modules to build a prototype of their application. The TWR-MCF51AG Tower System comes with the Microcontroller module along with 2 elevator boards that provide structural integrity, communications interfaces, power regulation circuitry with standardized bus, and a Prototype board allowing customers to rapidly develop for their application right out of the box with QSG and LAB demonstrations Codewarrior for Microcontrollers is a complete Integrated Development Environment with Editor, Assembler, Linker, Compiler, Debugger along with code-generation tools like Processor Expert to shorten both the learning curve and development cycle. Reference Design available at Freescale.com for a 3-Phase Sensor-less BLDC Motor Control, which gives an example of a complete Hardware design and Software solution based on the MCF51AG128 MCU. eGUI - Complimentary, lightweight software component allowing graphics LCD panels to be driven from relatively small microcontrollers. And there’s the Xtrinsic Touch Sensing Software, which can be used with the AG128 to enable a Touch solution in Appliance.
The AG family consists of 16 derivatives, with 96KB and 128KB Flash versions available, each supported in 4 different package options from 48 pin to 80 pin, and across two temp ranges -40 to +85 Degs, and -40 to +105 Degs C.
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