The document discusses several topics related to ICT, social media, and their relationship to democratic participation and social change. It begins with defining ICT and social media, and then discusses how they enable new forms of expression and participation. It considers whether independent citizen media channels are still relevant, and if citizen media can meet the demands of social media. Other sections explore how social media is used in development, how it alters social change, and presents challenges to ICT and social media. The conclusion emphasizes social media's role in shaping social change and democratic participation through expression, collaboration and participation.

1. Minavere Vera Bardici
Simon Elias Bibri
Erliza Lopez Pedersen
Lisa Virgiano

2. Presentation Structure
 ICT and Social Media:
Definitional Issues and the Relationship; and ICT and Social
Media: New Forms of Expression and Democratic Participation
 Have Independent Channels for Citizen Media Outlived
Themselves?; and Can Citizen Media Meet the Web 2.0 Social
Media Revolution?
 Employment of Social Media in Development Works and Its
Corelational Functions; and Alteration of Forms and Practices of
Social Change Caused by ICT
 Challenges to ICT and Social Media

3. ICT and Social Media:
Definitional Issues and the Relationship
 What is ICT?
 What is Social Media?

4. ICT and Social Media: New Forms of Expression
and Democratic Participation
 Catalyst for contemporary communication (Hopper 2007)
 For self-mass communication (Castells 2009)
 Developing intimate bonds with unfamiliar people (Kaplan
& Blakely 2009)
 Users have control of information (Hinchcliffe 2006;
O’Reilly 2005)
 An active stake in the culture of production (Jenkins et. al.
2005)

5. ICT and Social Media: New Forms of Expression and
Democratic Participation
 Introduce substantial and pervasive changes to
communication (Kietzmann et. al 2011)
 Reflect participatory culture (Jenkins et. al. 2005)
 Public will mobilization (Salmon, Fernandez and Post
2010)
 “Appearance of alternative and opposition public
spheres” (Jakubowicz 2007, p.137)

6. Have Independent Channels for Citizen Media
Outlived Themselves?
 What is a citizen? (Dahlgren 2009)
 Mediascapes (Appadurai 1996)
 Citizen Media (Rodriguez 2001)
 Credibility of Citizen Media (Rosenberry and St. John
2010)
 Downfall of MySpace (Bajarin 2011; Hartung 2011)

7. Can Citizen Media Meet the Web 2.0 Social
Media Revolution?
 What is Web 2.0? (O’Reilly 2005)
 Rise of social media (Kaplan & Haenlein 2010)
 A new generation of journalists (Heffernan 2011)
 Distinctive and sustaining features are not well
understood (Eltantawy & Wiest 2011)

8. The Employment of Social Media in Development Works
and Its Corelational Functions
 Sharing of media content;
participation, emancipation, and empowerment
(Haenlein & Kaplan 2010)
 Civil society (Hintz 2007)
 Mandatory participatory level (Rao 2005)

9. The Alteration of Forms and Practices of Social Change
Caused by ICT
 Create and unleash developmental force (Rao 2005)
 Digital Divide (Granqvist 2005)
 Multiple roles (Eltantawy & Wiest 2011; Khamis 2011)
 Social Media as Critical New Resource (Langman 2005;
Della Porta & Mosca 2005; Wasserman 2007)

10. Challenges to ICT and Social Media
 Creating less confined political spaces (Eltantawy &
Weist 2011)
 Social Digital Media (Breuer 2011)
 Social network monopoly (Berners-Lee 2010) leading
to economic interest (Soltren 2005)
 Human-Computer Interaction (Kelly 2002)

11. Challenges to ICT and Social Media
 Seven functional building blocks:
 Identity
 Conversations
 Sharing
 Presence
 Relationships
 Reputation
 Groups
(Kietzmann et al. 2011)

12. Social Media Conclusion
 Instrumental in shaping and catalyzing social change for
allowing democratic participation, continued flow of
communication, and speed in public mobilization
 Assessing social media’s impact on social change is not
straightforward due to lack of empirical evidence
 Expression, collaboration, and participation
 Self-mass communication- reaching a massive, global
audience

13. For the complete list of our
references, please visit:
http://wpmu.mah.se/nmict11group1
Thank you!