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Maps Chapter 6
The History of Maps ,[object Object]
B. Maps are a universal medium for  communication , easily understood and appreciated by most people, regardless of language or culture. Incorporated in a map is   the   understanding   that it is a "snapshot" of an idea, a single  picture , a selection of  concepts  from a constantly changing database of geographic information.
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
3. 3 rd  century Rome- developed the earliest  road  maps
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
5. 15 th  Century-  printing  made maps more readily available
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mercator
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Modern Mercator Projection Map
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Review Questions 1. What has improved the accuracy of maps over time?  Aerial Photography GPS GIS
2. What do maps of the Middle Ages suggest about people’s life philosophy?   ,[object Object],[object Object]
3. What other events did Ptolemy’s cartography influence?   ,[object Object]
Essential Components of Maps ,[object Object],A. Title- like a book, tells the  subject  to be addressed. B.  Date - when data for compilation were collected. C. Legend- (also called  key)  explains  symbols  the map may contain.
 
[object Object],1. Latitude and longitude
 
a.  Meridians - (lines of longitude) vertical lines running  North  and  South  ,  measure  of distance east and west of the Prime Meridian i. Prime Meridian- runs through  Greenwich  England, labeled 0 degrees longitude  ii. International Date Line- located along the  180  degree meridian
 
b.  Parallels - (lines of latitude) horizontal lines running  east  and  west , measure of distance north and south of the  equator ( 0 degrees latitude)  2. Public Land Survey System- uses a  grid system  of square miles to subdivide land
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],F. Source- establishes a measure of map  reliability  (Where did you get your information?)
 
Review Questions 1. What are the six essential components of a map?  Title Scale Date Source Legend Location
 
2. What would a fractional scale of 1:24,000 suggest about the size of the area being mapped?  That it is very large.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
[object Object],C. Robinson Projection- has accurate continent shapes and land areas with some  distortion  at the  poles
 
Review Questions ,[object Object],Computer Models in 3D
2. What are possible sources of error in data that would cause a map to be inaccurate?  Accuracy, precision, bias, estimations
Types of Maps ,[object Object]
 
B. Physical  Relief  Map- similar to a topographic map but in  3-D
 
C. Road Map- a map that would have all the states and major  roads
 
[object Object]
 
[object Object]
Topographic Map
1. Shows relief (variations in  elevation ) by using  contour  lines (a line that passes through all points on a map with the same elevation)  2. Use  symbols  to represent  features
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object]
Geographic Map
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3. Used to identify potential  geologic hazards  (earthquakes, landslides etc.) by identifying rock types, and fault lines allowing scientists to  predict  future events and threats.   4. Fundamental resource for  environmental  and engineering applications
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Soil Maps
 
H.  Atlas - a book of all kinds of maps
Review Questions ,[object Object],Topographic maps Geological maps Soil maps
2. How can geological maps be important economically for our society?   They show where oil and natural gas could be along with certain types of rocks that hold certain types of minerals. Ex. Gold, Diamonds
[object Object],Construction companies, road builders, city planners

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Chapter 6 maps

  • 2.
  • 3. B. Maps are a universal medium for communication , easily understood and appreciated by most people, regardless of language or culture. Incorporated in a map is the understanding that it is a "snapshot" of an idea, a single picture , a selection of concepts from a constantly changing database of geographic information.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. 3. 3 rd century Rome- developed the earliest road maps
  • 8.
  • 9. 5. 15 th Century- printing made maps more readily available
  • 10.
  • 12.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.  
  • 17.  
  • 18. Review Questions 1. What has improved the accuracy of maps over time? Aerial Photography GPS GIS
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.  
  • 23.
  • 24.  
  • 25. a. Meridians - (lines of longitude) vertical lines running North and South , measure of distance east and west of the Prime Meridian i. Prime Meridian- runs through Greenwich England, labeled 0 degrees longitude ii. International Date Line- located along the 180 degree meridian
  • 26.  
  • 27. b. Parallels - (lines of latitude) horizontal lines running east and west , measure of distance north and south of the equator ( 0 degrees latitude) 2. Public Land Survey System- uses a grid system of square miles to subdivide land
  • 28.  
  • 29.
  • 30.  
  • 31. Review Questions 1. What are the six essential components of a map? Title Scale Date Source Legend Location
  • 32.  
  • 33. 2. What would a fractional scale of 1:24,000 suggest about the size of the area being mapped? That it is very large.
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  • 41. 2. What are possible sources of error in data that would cause a map to be inaccurate? Accuracy, precision, bias, estimations
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  • 44. B. Physical Relief Map- similar to a topographic map but in 3-D
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  • 46. C. Road Map- a map that would have all the states and major roads
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  • 52. 1. Shows relief (variations in elevation ) by using contour lines (a line that passes through all points on a map with the same elevation) 2. Use symbols to represent features
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  • 59. 3. Used to identify potential geologic hazards (earthquakes, landslides etc.) by identifying rock types, and fault lines allowing scientists to predict future events and threats. 4. Fundamental resource for environmental and engineering applications
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  • 64. H. Atlas - a book of all kinds of maps
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  • 66. 2. How can geological maps be important economically for our society? They show where oil and natural gas could be along with certain types of rocks that hold certain types of minerals. Ex. Gold, Diamonds
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