Somalia is located on the Horn of Africa. Since the collapse of Somalia's government in 1991, Somalia's waters have been unregulated, leading to illegal fishing and toxic waste dumping which has contaminated fishing grounds and caused health issues. This, combined with poverty, has motivated many Somalis to turn to piracy for income. Somali pirates typically board vessels from small boats, using weapons to intimidate and sometimes take hostages for ransom. However, international naval forces have worked to curb piracy by intercepting and deterring pirate attacks. Piracy levels have declined in recent years.

2. Where is Somalia? Somalia is located on the Eastern tip of Africa, which is also referred
to as the Horn of Africa. This Close-up of Somalia shows where the majority of piracy
has occurred from 2006 up to 2011.

3. Somali government collapsed in in 1991 due to a number of factors but mainly because a lot of Somali
government officials were corrupt, the president of Somalia at the time had order them to be executed.
However, some officials escaped and formed their own military regime and fought back severely injuring
the president and sending Somali into a civil war leaving Somalia lawless up until 2006.

4. Since the collapse of Somalia's government a lot of Somalia's waters were unregulated, illegal
fishing decimated their once rich tuna waters. European companies also negotiated with Somali
warlords to exchange guns for rights to dump barrels of toxic waste into Somali waters, now Somali
officials wont reveal who was behind the dumping for legal reasons.

5. The People of Somalia have been dying from Radiation sickness caused by the dumping of radioactive waste
in their coastal waters . As a result their natural fishing grounds have been contaminated as well. This is an
ongoing reason why piracy continues, to protect their ocean from illegal dumping.

6. The high poverty levels and lack of resources makes Somalia a hard place to live in and survive.
Poverty is a large reason many of the people of Somalia choose the life of piracy.

7. This is what a typical Somali Pirate looks like out on sea. The mask will hide their identity in case they take
hostages, but not all pirates wear masks. The weapons are used more to intimidate the boats they will
hijack, but they will be used if the vessel being hijacked isn't cooperating or they are under attack.

10. Khat is a plant that is harvested in Somalia, it is chewed by pirates to give them a high. It is considered a
stimulant similar to cocaine in which it makes you alert and it suppresses hunger. Khat is regularly chewed
by pirates through out the day.

11. Somali Pirates boarding a vessel will usually find an easy way of getting on the vessel. In this case they were
able to board the vessel through an unconfirmed object on the side of the vessel.

12. Pirates attacking a small ship.

13. Aftermath of attack.

14. Victims of the hijacking are usually taken as hostages for a ransom. Ransoms can sometimes reach
millions of dollars. Hostages are also sold off as slaves if ransoms aren't paid or if they are not killed.

15. Not all pirates are successful in their raids. Piracy has also become a very serious crime in recent
years and pirates have become a big target for naval forces around the world.

16. Suspicious ships are usually stopped and checked by naval forces for any evidence of piracy such as
guns, stolen good or sometimes even hostages.

17. With Somali pirate attacks at a record low this year it seems as if the once glorious reign of the pirates is
now coming to an end. Stats are accurate from, EU Naval Force Piracy Statistics 03 December 2012.

21. Citations
• http://news.yahoo.com/ap-impact-party-seems-over-somali-pirates-201115675.html
• http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/07/world/africa/07somalia.html?_r=0
• http://www.eunavfor.eu/press-2/downloads/20121203_piracystatistics/
• http://biyokulule.com/view_content.php?articleid=1390
• http://www.awdalnation.com/somalia-pirates-collect-u-s-2-3-million-ransom-for-vessel-as-e-u-detains-
seven-piracy-suspects/
• http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3097826/US-warship-challenges-Somalia-pirates.html
• http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/10/25/another-somali-pirate-boat-goes-up-in-smoke-as-attacks-hit-
three-year-low/
• http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1891049,00.html
• http://soomaaliyeeytoosoo.blogspot.com/2011/01/british-scientists-develop.html
• http://www.saveourseafarers.com/somali-pirates-accused-of-shooting-at-dutch-marines.html
• http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/09/25/party-appears-to-be-ending-for-somali-pirates/
• http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/world-leaders-plan-crackdown-on-somali-
pirates-7179549.html
• http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Kenya-cancels-piracy-trial-deals/-/1056/1021740/-/rr151vz/-
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