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Next Generation e-Government:
Transformation into Open Government


 Oleg Petrov, Program Coordinator,
 ICT @ The World Bank
 E-Democracy Conference
 Ohrid, Macedonia, September 26, 2011
E-Government Vision:
                                                                    Leveraging ICT to Transform Service Delivery

                                         Some good news:

  India: E-services reduced bribe-payments
                                                                            Bhoomi Bhoomi
                                             AMC    eSeva   CARD KAVERI       (m)   (RTC)
                                       0%
    Reduction in bribe-taking (%)




                                     -25%


                                     -50%


                                     -75%


                                    -100%

                                    Source: Survey of e-government projects in India, IC4D 2009

Ghana: Customs clearances went from 2 -3 weeks to 1-2 days with a 50% increase
in revenue after applying IT systems.

Korea: Investment of $80 million in e-procurement generated $2.7 billion in annual
savings
                                                                                                               2
But: ICT investments are also risky

• Guardian headline: “£2bn cost of              e-Government initiatives in
  government‟s IT blunders”                        Developing Countries
• The Economist : “Although
  hopes have been high and the                                   Partial Failures 50%
  investment has been huge, so far
  the results have mostly been
  disappointing…”                                                                    Successes 15%
• Gartner Research :“On an
  average, $8 out of every $10                   Total Failures 35%
  spent in IT is “dead money” – not
  contributing directly to business
  change and growth”.                       Key lesson: Smarter IT spending needed
• Risks are high, though a lot learnt   Source:
  since the early days                   Richard Heeks. 2003. “Most e-Government-for-Development Projects Fail:
                                        How Can Risks be Reduced?”. IDPM i-Government Working Paper no. 14
Old Model: e-Government 1G
                                         High Costs – Limited Results


E-Gov 1G = Informatization
Computerizing the “Brick and Mortar”
 (industrial age) government

– Technology/supply/vendor-driven
– Ignoring or reinforcing organizational silos
– Limited back-end integration and sharing of
  data, infrastructure and services
– Limited process re-engineering that does not
  leverage the full power of ICT
– Limited change management
– Limited participation of the citizens and private
  sector
– Government-centric
Recent Example from Africa: Silos Don‟t Work


• Project to develop Budget and Public
  Expenditure Management System in a
  West African country

• Funded by the World Bank, implemented
  by the Government -- US$30 million

• Incorporated 32 Ministries in 10 Regions
  and across 140 Districts

• However, not integrated with the rest of
  the government and now being scrapped

• A new IFMIS system is now being
  implemented at a cost of US$54 million.

                                                    5
Current Model:
          e-Government 2G = Transformational Government

E-Gov 2G = eTransformation/Transformational Govt
    second-generation model of ICT-enabled govt transformation into
    citizen-centric and integrated government.


Leading Countries:
•   Whole-of-government perspective: Singapore, US, UK, Australia, Canada
•   Sharing infrastructure and services: UK, US, Singapore, Australia,
    Canada, Korea, Japan, Denmark, New Zealand
•   e-Inclusion-for-all & Multi-channel delivery of services, especially via
    mobile phones: Canada, Brazil, Australia, Korea, UK, Singapore, India
•   Change management and e-leadership: US, UK, Singapore, Canada,
    Estonia, Moldova, Sri Lanka, Rwanda, Korea et al
•   Process re-engineering/admin reform :UK, USA, Canada, Singapore et al
•   Secure identification: Belgium, Portugal, Estonia, Malaysia, Pakistan et al
Emerging Model:
                              e-Government 3G = Open Government
E-Gov 3G = Open Government: third generation model of ICT-enabled
govt transformation into open, participatory, accountable and citizen-
driven government:

• Government letting go and empowering innovation via Open Data and public-
private partnerships (PPPs)
• Active citizen participation (and co-creation) in policy and decision-making
and service design and delivery
• Service-oriented, Modern, Accountable, Responsive and Transparent
(SMART) Government
 Leading Countries:
 • Openness, transparency, and accountability (Open Government , Open
   Data, Social Media policies): US, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil,
   Chile, Mexico, India
• Public-private partnerships to deliver services and infrastructure: US, India,
   Ghana, Czech Republic, Estonia
• Cloud Computing-based sharing of infrastructure and services via: UK, US,
   Singapore, Korea, Japan
Open Transformation Framework:
Open Government - Open Economy - Open Innovation




   Open                   Open
Government              Economy

              Cloud/
              Infra




              Open
           Innovation
Open Transformation Components

                                 Leadership




      Technology/
      Infrastructure                               Policy/Legal Framework




Innovation
Financing                      Open
                             Transformation              Institutions




                                                 Applications &
     Citizen Engagement                          Co-Creation

                             Capacity Building
Opportunities for Collaboration on Open Gov

South-South Exchange Grants
 +
PPIAF Grants (e.g for PPP feasibility)
 +
Innovation Grants                                      Major Open
                                         Preparatory
+                                                      Government
                                         activities
TechCamp/Hackathon event(s)                            program
+

High-Level Workshop/s

+
Global knowledge sharing platforms
(Leaders for Transformation Network; HELP)
Possible Open Government Components


                  Open Data & Apps Program: including launch of portal, apps
                  store, APIs, contests and co-creation activities
Data.gov.mk


                  Citizen engagement platform: enabling public feedback and
Citizens.mk       rating of services across entire gov; linked to Open311 app

                  Innovation funding: flexible financing vehicle for investment in
Innovation Fund
                  development of apps, e-services, mobile & gov social media


                  Freedom of Information Platform: enabling full transparency (and
  FOI.mk          searchability) of FOI request/reply/release lifecycle


                  PPP Program: including policy/legal framework, manual, training,
    PPPs          M&E framework, procurement tools

                  IT Infrastructure: including standards, cloud computing
                  infrastructure, policy/legal framework, change management, SOA &
 Infrastructure
                  security
Examples of World Bank’s eGov Projects

1.   Kenya. US$157 million for pro-competitive regional communications
     infrastructure, regional policy harmonization, enabling environment,
     e-Government applications. Several phases, from 3 – 25 countries.
2.   Vietnam. US$96 million for implementation of the National ICT
     Strategy, enterprise architecture, e-applications, capacity building.
3.   Romania. US$60 million for developing e-Government, Broadband
     and Knowledge Economy.
4.   Ghana. US$57M for e-Government and IT-enabled Service Industry.
5.   Sri Lanka. US$53M for developing e-Government, Broadband, IT
     industry and e-society.
6.   Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. US$7 million for regional
     e-Government applications that use economies of scale.
7.   Rwanda. US$10 million for Government reengineering, e-
     Government applications, and rural access.
8.   Moldova. US$23 million for e-Transformation program (M-Cloud,
     e-Services, e-Leadership, PPPs and Open Data), June 2011
Moldova Governance e-Transformation Project
   featuring elements of Open Government Framework


              • Approved in June 2011($20
              million credit + Gov co-financing
              + grants)
              • Open Data initiative
              • Cloud-based shared e-Gov
              infrastructure (M-Cloud)
              • Open Government action plan
              under preparation
              • Exploring PPPs
              •Apps competitions, TechCamps
Open Development Technology Alliance
a new platform for sharing global knowledge on ICT
ODTA: Connecting the People
ODTA: HELPing Access Best eGov Expertise

           The High-level Experts for Leaders and
            Practitioners (HELP) group provides senior leaders
            with insightful advice and knowledge to help
            implement new groundbreaking initiatives        in
            government transformation

           • Corinne Charette (CIO Canada)
           • Stephen Fletcher (President NASCIO, USA)
           • Arvo Ott (Director, eGovernance Academy, Estonia)
HELP       • James Kang (Government CIO, IDA Singapore)
Members:
           • Francisco Garcia Moran (Director General, European
            Commission)
           • R.Chandrasekhar (Secretary Department of IT, India)
           • Andrea Di Maio (VP Research Gartner) and others
John Suffolk,
Francisco Garcia-
                          CIO, UK
   Moran, EU




       High Level Expert Group




                    Jane Treadwell
                    World Bank
HELP in Moldova

4 consultations with HELP experts on Open
Data, Cloud Computing, CIO role, e-Gov
Strategy, culminating in the Aug 12, 2010
eTransformation Leadership
Roundtable in Chisinau, Moldova

With participation of Robert Zoellick, the
President of the World Bank Group, Prime
Minister Vlad Filat, most Cabinet Ministers and
Deputy Ministers


H.E. Mart Laar, Former Prime Minister of Estonia,
Member of the Estonian Parliament
Mr. John Suffolk, Former Government CIO, Cabinet Office,
UK
Mr. Andrea Di Maio, Vice President and distinguished
analyst, Gartner Research
 Mr. Chin Siong Seah, CEO, IDA International, Singapore
Mr. Anthony Townsend, Director of Technology
Development, Institute for the Future, USA
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
Thank you!
Additional Slides
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
Main Trends Shaping eGov Today




1. Mobile delivery
2. Cloud computing
3. Open Data Initiatives
Future is Mobile


  • 5 billion mobile subscriptions

  • Nearly 60 million mobile subscriptions being added
    a month

  • 2.4 times faster growth in mobile broadband than
    fixed broadband data traffic

  • By 2014, more than 400 million of the world's
    Internet users could access the network solely
    through a mobile connection

Source: Wireless Intelligence, Q1 Quarterly World Review and ITU, Measuring the Information
Society, 2010; Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast, 2010.
The CLOUD
Country Examples: USA

• In September 2009, the Federal Government‟s Cloud Computing
  Initiative was announced, GSA serving as a provisioning hub for
  Government Cloud
• Apps.gov was established as a “cloud computing storefront”
• By 2014, over $1 billion of the federal IT budget would be devoted to
  cloud computing
• By moving to a cloud service, GSA now pays an annual total of
  $650,000 for USA.gov and all associated costs, a costs savings of
  $1.7 million, or 72 percent
• Defense Information System Agency estimates about $15 million in
  cost savings
• The migration to the Cloud could save Washington D.C. City
  Government 48% on e-mail expenditures and the City of Los
  Angeles 23.6 %
Country Examples: UK’s G-Cloud


-   The G-Cloud program is a key part of the new Public Sector ICT
    Strategy
-   All G-Cloud services will be delivered to the future „Common
    Desktop‟ which will include both desk based and mobile devices
-   The G-Cloud will be a combination of the private cloud and trusted
    elements of public clouds
-   The G-Cloud Program is expected to deliver the following savings:
     – £300 million per annum (by 2015) by consolidating data centres
        in use across the Public Sector against estimated current spend
        in the order of £5bn; and
     – £500 million per annum (by 2020) against an estimated current
        spend in the order of £5bn, through faster and more effective
        procurement of infrastructure and services through the
        Applications Store for Government (ASG).
Country Examples: South Korea

- Korea‟s Communications Commission has announced
  commitment of over $500 million to the development of
  Korean cloud computing facilities
- In June 2010, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy
  announced plans to develop technology linking mobile
  and cloud computing, at a cost of 274.5 billion Won
  ($230.7 million)
- South Korea is moving 17 critical applications to the
  Government Cloud
- The goal is reportedly to capture 10 per cent of the
  global cloud services market by 2014 and to halve the
  cost of operating the public sector‟s ICT infrastructure
Moldova Cloud: First World Bank G-Cloud Project


- Moldova Cloud: first WB-supported Cloud Computing project,
  tender for M-Cloud Phase 1 launched in Sept 2011
- M-Cloud Phase 2 is expected to be delivered as PPP
- Internal (private/community) government cloud, defined as a
  multitenant, dynamically provisioned and optimized
  infrastructure, with some public cloud elements
- Will initially be a Mini-cloud, and will incorporate a Mobile
  applications platform
- Will target three categories
      i) government ministries, SOEs, departments and
      agencies
      (ii) SME engaged in the development and delivery of IT
      services
      (iii) universities for research and development
Open Data: USA
Government Apps Store: UK
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov
[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov

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[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov

  • 1. Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government Oleg Petrov, Program Coordinator, ICT @ The World Bank E-Democracy Conference Ohrid, Macedonia, September 26, 2011
  • 2. E-Government Vision: Leveraging ICT to Transform Service Delivery Some good news: India: E-services reduced bribe-payments Bhoomi Bhoomi AMC eSeva CARD KAVERI (m) (RTC) 0% Reduction in bribe-taking (%) -25% -50% -75% -100% Source: Survey of e-government projects in India, IC4D 2009 Ghana: Customs clearances went from 2 -3 weeks to 1-2 days with a 50% increase in revenue after applying IT systems. Korea: Investment of $80 million in e-procurement generated $2.7 billion in annual savings 2
  • 3. But: ICT investments are also risky • Guardian headline: “£2bn cost of e-Government initiatives in government‟s IT blunders” Developing Countries • The Economist : “Although hopes have been high and the Partial Failures 50% investment has been huge, so far the results have mostly been disappointing…” Successes 15% • Gartner Research :“On an average, $8 out of every $10 Total Failures 35% spent in IT is “dead money” – not contributing directly to business change and growth”. Key lesson: Smarter IT spending needed • Risks are high, though a lot learnt Source: since the early days Richard Heeks. 2003. “Most e-Government-for-Development Projects Fail: How Can Risks be Reduced?”. IDPM i-Government Working Paper no. 14
  • 4. Old Model: e-Government 1G High Costs – Limited Results E-Gov 1G = Informatization Computerizing the “Brick and Mortar” (industrial age) government – Technology/supply/vendor-driven – Ignoring or reinforcing organizational silos – Limited back-end integration and sharing of data, infrastructure and services – Limited process re-engineering that does not leverage the full power of ICT – Limited change management – Limited participation of the citizens and private sector – Government-centric
  • 5. Recent Example from Africa: Silos Don‟t Work • Project to develop Budget and Public Expenditure Management System in a West African country • Funded by the World Bank, implemented by the Government -- US$30 million • Incorporated 32 Ministries in 10 Regions and across 140 Districts • However, not integrated with the rest of the government and now being scrapped • A new IFMIS system is now being implemented at a cost of US$54 million. 5
  • 6. Current Model: e-Government 2G = Transformational Government E-Gov 2G = eTransformation/Transformational Govt second-generation model of ICT-enabled govt transformation into citizen-centric and integrated government. Leading Countries: • Whole-of-government perspective: Singapore, US, UK, Australia, Canada • Sharing infrastructure and services: UK, US, Singapore, Australia, Canada, Korea, Japan, Denmark, New Zealand • e-Inclusion-for-all & Multi-channel delivery of services, especially via mobile phones: Canada, Brazil, Australia, Korea, UK, Singapore, India • Change management and e-leadership: US, UK, Singapore, Canada, Estonia, Moldova, Sri Lanka, Rwanda, Korea et al • Process re-engineering/admin reform :UK, USA, Canada, Singapore et al • Secure identification: Belgium, Portugal, Estonia, Malaysia, Pakistan et al
  • 7. Emerging Model: e-Government 3G = Open Government E-Gov 3G = Open Government: third generation model of ICT-enabled govt transformation into open, participatory, accountable and citizen- driven government: • Government letting go and empowering innovation via Open Data and public- private partnerships (PPPs) • Active citizen participation (and co-creation) in policy and decision-making and service design and delivery • Service-oriented, Modern, Accountable, Responsive and Transparent (SMART) Government Leading Countries: • Openness, transparency, and accountability (Open Government , Open Data, Social Media policies): US, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, India • Public-private partnerships to deliver services and infrastructure: US, India, Ghana, Czech Republic, Estonia • Cloud Computing-based sharing of infrastructure and services via: UK, US, Singapore, Korea, Japan
  • 8. Open Transformation Framework: Open Government - Open Economy - Open Innovation Open Open Government Economy Cloud/ Infra Open Innovation
  • 9. Open Transformation Components Leadership Technology/ Infrastructure Policy/Legal Framework Innovation Financing Open Transformation Institutions Applications & Citizen Engagement Co-Creation Capacity Building
  • 10. Opportunities for Collaboration on Open Gov South-South Exchange Grants + PPIAF Grants (e.g for PPP feasibility) + Innovation Grants Major Open Preparatory + Government activities TechCamp/Hackathon event(s) program + High-Level Workshop/s + Global knowledge sharing platforms (Leaders for Transformation Network; HELP)
  • 11. Possible Open Government Components Open Data & Apps Program: including launch of portal, apps store, APIs, contests and co-creation activities Data.gov.mk Citizen engagement platform: enabling public feedback and Citizens.mk rating of services across entire gov; linked to Open311 app Innovation funding: flexible financing vehicle for investment in Innovation Fund development of apps, e-services, mobile & gov social media Freedom of Information Platform: enabling full transparency (and FOI.mk searchability) of FOI request/reply/release lifecycle PPP Program: including policy/legal framework, manual, training, PPPs M&E framework, procurement tools IT Infrastructure: including standards, cloud computing infrastructure, policy/legal framework, change management, SOA & Infrastructure security
  • 12. Examples of World Bank’s eGov Projects 1. Kenya. US$157 million for pro-competitive regional communications infrastructure, regional policy harmonization, enabling environment, e-Government applications. Several phases, from 3 – 25 countries. 2. Vietnam. US$96 million for implementation of the National ICT Strategy, enterprise architecture, e-applications, capacity building. 3. Romania. US$60 million for developing e-Government, Broadband and Knowledge Economy. 4. Ghana. US$57M for e-Government and IT-enabled Service Industry. 5. Sri Lanka. US$53M for developing e-Government, Broadband, IT industry and e-society. 6. Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. US$7 million for regional e-Government applications that use economies of scale. 7. Rwanda. US$10 million for Government reengineering, e- Government applications, and rural access. 8. Moldova. US$23 million for e-Transformation program (M-Cloud, e-Services, e-Leadership, PPPs and Open Data), June 2011
  • 13. Moldova Governance e-Transformation Project featuring elements of Open Government Framework • Approved in June 2011($20 million credit + Gov co-financing + grants) • Open Data initiative • Cloud-based shared e-Gov infrastructure (M-Cloud) • Open Government action plan under preparation • Exploring PPPs •Apps competitions, TechCamps
  • 14. Open Development Technology Alliance a new platform for sharing global knowledge on ICT
  • 16. ODTA: HELPing Access Best eGov Expertise The High-level Experts for Leaders and Practitioners (HELP) group provides senior leaders with insightful advice and knowledge to help implement new groundbreaking initiatives in government transformation • Corinne Charette (CIO Canada) • Stephen Fletcher (President NASCIO, USA) • Arvo Ott (Director, eGovernance Academy, Estonia) HELP • James Kang (Government CIO, IDA Singapore) Members: • Francisco Garcia Moran (Director General, European Commission) • R.Chandrasekhar (Secretary Department of IT, India) • Andrea Di Maio (VP Research Gartner) and others
  • 17. John Suffolk, Francisco Garcia- CIO, UK Moran, EU High Level Expert Group Jane Treadwell World Bank
  • 18. HELP in Moldova 4 consultations with HELP experts on Open Data, Cloud Computing, CIO role, e-Gov Strategy, culminating in the Aug 12, 2010 eTransformation Leadership Roundtable in Chisinau, Moldova With participation of Robert Zoellick, the President of the World Bank Group, Prime Minister Vlad Filat, most Cabinet Ministers and Deputy Ministers H.E. Mart Laar, Former Prime Minister of Estonia, Member of the Estonian Parliament Mr. John Suffolk, Former Government CIO, Cabinet Office, UK Mr. Andrea Di Maio, Vice President and distinguished analyst, Gartner Research  Mr. Chin Siong Seah, CEO, IDA International, Singapore Mr. Anthony Townsend, Director of Technology Development, Institute for the Future, USA
  • 25. Main Trends Shaping eGov Today 1. Mobile delivery 2. Cloud computing 3. Open Data Initiatives
  • 26. Future is Mobile • 5 billion mobile subscriptions • Nearly 60 million mobile subscriptions being added a month • 2.4 times faster growth in mobile broadband than fixed broadband data traffic • By 2014, more than 400 million of the world's Internet users could access the network solely through a mobile connection Source: Wireless Intelligence, Q1 Quarterly World Review and ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2010; Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast, 2010.
  • 28. Country Examples: USA • In September 2009, the Federal Government‟s Cloud Computing Initiative was announced, GSA serving as a provisioning hub for Government Cloud • Apps.gov was established as a “cloud computing storefront” • By 2014, over $1 billion of the federal IT budget would be devoted to cloud computing • By moving to a cloud service, GSA now pays an annual total of $650,000 for USA.gov and all associated costs, a costs savings of $1.7 million, or 72 percent • Defense Information System Agency estimates about $15 million in cost savings • The migration to the Cloud could save Washington D.C. City Government 48% on e-mail expenditures and the City of Los Angeles 23.6 %
  • 29. Country Examples: UK’s G-Cloud - The G-Cloud program is a key part of the new Public Sector ICT Strategy - All G-Cloud services will be delivered to the future „Common Desktop‟ which will include both desk based and mobile devices - The G-Cloud will be a combination of the private cloud and trusted elements of public clouds - The G-Cloud Program is expected to deliver the following savings: – £300 million per annum (by 2015) by consolidating data centres in use across the Public Sector against estimated current spend in the order of £5bn; and – £500 million per annum (by 2020) against an estimated current spend in the order of £5bn, through faster and more effective procurement of infrastructure and services through the Applications Store for Government (ASG).
  • 30. Country Examples: South Korea - Korea‟s Communications Commission has announced commitment of over $500 million to the development of Korean cloud computing facilities - In June 2010, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy announced plans to develop technology linking mobile and cloud computing, at a cost of 274.5 billion Won ($230.7 million) - South Korea is moving 17 critical applications to the Government Cloud - The goal is reportedly to capture 10 per cent of the global cloud services market by 2014 and to halve the cost of operating the public sector‟s ICT infrastructure
  • 31. Moldova Cloud: First World Bank G-Cloud Project - Moldova Cloud: first WB-supported Cloud Computing project, tender for M-Cloud Phase 1 launched in Sept 2011 - M-Cloud Phase 2 is expected to be delivered as PPP - Internal (private/community) government cloud, defined as a multitenant, dynamically provisioned and optimized infrastructure, with some public cloud elements - Will initially be a Mini-cloud, and will incorporate a Mobile applications platform - Will target three categories i) government ministries, SOEs, departments and agencies (ii) SME engaged in the development and delivery of IT services (iii) universities for research and development