12. t
Kenniscentrum duurzame energie
CC renewable energy
Mission:
Development of competence on renewable energy and related techniques
= valorisation =
• New/young professionals of NHL university of applied sciences
• Strengthening related skills and experiences
• Executing own research projects and projects with SME’s;
• Relation with region of North Netherlands (nature, water, energy, silence, tourism, space)
Vision
Self supporting competence centre with differentiated (or unique) knowledge
• Specialist in e-motors/generators and controllers; e-drives 1 – 100 kW; applications
• PV-systems – better performance (under all situations); vertical; polymers
• Smart grid , smart home - applications
• Behaviour and adaption of ‘renewable resources’, e-mobility, e-prosumers
ambitie
13. Research lines of HSDE (1)
• (Applied) research & development of PV-technology (BIPV)
– Focus on system not on components (cells) and modules
– Integration of more functions (construction, isolation, esthetical, easy to clean, energy)
– Integration of PV in 3D-surfaces as hulls of ships (plastics, polymers)
and vertical as’ building elements’. (walls)
– Functions to be explored
• Resistance to humidity
• Transparency (light resistance) in time (becoming more yellow)
• Mechanical robustness (strength, deformation)
• UV-resistance
• De-lamination
• Oxidation
• Different materials, characterisation of polymers
• Production process parameters
14. (Applied) research & development of EV-technology
– Goal : increase of efficiency of electrical powertrain i.e. controller plus motor /
generator in mobile applications. System level.
– New concepts better suited for their application. (dynamic behaviour)
– Reduction of components : direct drive, low speed motor, high efficiency (marine)
– Modelling, simulation of PM machines; FOC, DTC, d-q transformations
– New electro magnetic concepts (magnetic and thermal design)
– Pm generators, smooth running reduced ripple cogging Torque, less wear and
noise
– Control algorithms
– Sensor less control
– Test equipment to prove new concepts / fine tuning
– New controller with extra computing power for complex algorithms and fine control
of MOSFETS = additional firm- and software
Research lines of HSDE (2)
15. • Implementation factors
– Customer behaviour i.r.t. electrical transportation (vehicles and vessels)
AIO-traject
– Renewable energy in households; role of pro-sumer (producer and consumer)
conscious of own energy need versus availability local and remote (€)
– Smart meter, non-intrusive analysis, load scheduling.
Local trading
– Smart home, smart neighbourhoods autarkic villages
• E-lab situated on NHL-hogeschool
– Home base for researchers
– demo and test environment
– To be used by SME’s and universities
– Lab and application centre
– Coordination centre of field experiments
Research lines of HSDE (3)
17. E-Drive, auto
• Hogere spanning (400 - 600 V)
• Vaak nog een overbrenging
• Regeneratie (tot 80% terugwinning)
• Toekomst :
– Minimalisatie van aantal componenten
– Lichtere constructies
– Direct drive;
– Electr, differentieel
– Motor : centraal (geveerde deel) of ‘in wheel’
18. E-Drive, pleziervaart
• zeilboten & kruisers tot ± 14 meter
• Kleinere vermogens (10 – 15 kW; 1 of 2 stuks
• Veelal lagere spanning (48V)
• Geen standaardisatie qua inbouw / CE
• Vergelijkbaar met direct drive auto
toerental tot 1000 t/min.
• Geen regeneratie
(uitzondering zeer luxe zeiljachten)
20. Ontwikkeling speciale regelaar
• Snelle (meer) processoren in regelaar hardware
• Precieze en deterministische sturing van MOSFETS.
• Elektronische commutatie : pwm / blok, sinusoidaal blok, FOC
• Sensor less control
• Speciale layout hardware (EMC, capaciteit)
• Zeer goede timing verminderd spikes en reduceert warmte
ontwikkeling motor; hoger rendement
• Uitdaging : geen koeling.
21. Ontwikkeling speciale motor
• Schroefrendement : hoog bij grote diameter (tot 80%)
• Spec : operationeel instelpunt / dynamisch belastingprofiel.
• Compromis vinden optimale magnetische flux; warmte flux
• Laag toerental (maritieme toepassing)
– Buitenloper (relatief hoger koppel)
– Dubbel axiaal (grote diameter; veel lucht)
• Actieradius; rendement; prijs
• Type motor; # pool & magneten; Vormen van magneet rotor
22. Energy - labels for (componenten van) of e–drives 0 – 10 kW.
Goal : Determination of : System performance of e-drive (the strength of the chain)
and the main components being motor, controller, power stage (mosfets)
Definition of strong and weak spots; improvements
• Testing under dynamic load and conditions.
• Measurements are calibrated and repeatable.
• Tracking and tracing of all related parameters.
Mechanical en electrical power (e.g. T, w, I, V, rpm; dynamic load profile)
Ps. In cooperation with SEFF, EV-NL
Realisatie en gebruik testbench
23. Rv
+
-
Rw Motor Schr T/F Boot
+
-
V* w* V,I w T F v
Rv
--
T/F BootRw Motor SchrMotor
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
speed(rad/s)
T (Nm)
w48V (rad/s)
wschroef (rad/s)
w17V (rad/s)
26. E-Drive, vrachtvaart
• Onvoldoende accu capaciteit voor enige actieradius
voor puur elektrisch varen.
• Soms elektrisch om in haven te manoeuvreren
• Wel relatief schone fossiele alternatieven.
– (Bio-) schone diesel (roetfilters, katalysator)
– Liquified Natural Gas
– Regelgeving wordt strakker (‘16 : in land aandrijving CCR-4)
• Hybride : diesel/elektrisch LNG/elektrisch
35. resumerend:
• Er is een groeiende markt voor elektrisch varen
• Systeemdenken essentieel voor verdere verbeteringen
• Motor DC, AC
• Van veilige spanning naar hogere spanning
• Compromis : rendement, actieradius, prijs
LNG / hybride lng
• Wanneer LNG/elektrisch hybride
• Hybride : kan bij groot dynamisch gebruik
• Ecologische of economische haalbaarheid of investering
• Hybrid – dynamische belasting & hotelgebruik
36. resumerend:
Multi gen sets :
• dc/ac-bus; de- of centrale intelligentie
• Schakelverschijnselen, transienten
• Niet altijd robuust
• Veiligheidsissues
• Opleiding/training
• Configuratie; bouwblok dimensionering, aantal
• Wel dan geen accu’s opnemen in lng elektrische system
37. Bedankt voor de aandacht
Vragen en opmerkingen welkom ook in latere instantie
t.jansma@nhl.nl
