4. Assessment of blood loss:
If more bleeding
Amount & rate of bleeding
Speculum
Shock
Occurs late (young patients)
Sometimes catastrophic
IV access and cross matched blood
6. History
Careful menstrual history
Previous cycles
LMP
Details of vaginal bleeding
Symptoms of early pregnancy
Time & degree of vaginal bleeding in
relation to menstrual cycle
Any associated low backache / pain
abdomen