2. CONCEPT…
All children sometimes talk back, argue, disobey, &
defy their parents or teachers – especially when they’re
hungry, tired, or stressed.
In fact, for toddlers age 2 or 3 & for young adolescents,
such oppositional behavior may be a normal part of
development.
Hostile, uncooperative behavior in a child may signal
ODD if it’s more consistent & severe than that of other
children of the same age & development level - & if
such behavior affects the child’s social, family, &
academic life.
A child with ODD is consistently negative, disobedient,
argumentative, & hostile. He behaves in a provocative
manner deliberatively meant to annoy & upset authority
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
3. Count…
During an argument, a child with ODD dosen’t
back down, even if he stands to lose
privileges. To him, the important things is the
struggle, which overshadows the reality of the
situation. If anyone objects to his behavior, he
views it as stimulation to continue the
argument. ODD may be a precursor to
conduct disorder
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
4. EPIDEMILOGY…
Roughly 5% to 15% of school-age
children have ODD.
Onset occurs between ages 3 & 19.
Before puberty, ODD is more common in
boys. After puberty, it affects both
genders equally.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
5. CAUSES
No known biological basis for ODD exists.
Risk Factors:
Parental rejection
Inconsistent, unsupervised child rearing.
Inconsistent or punitive discipline or limit setting
Parental modeling of defiant interactions with others
Family conflict
Marital discord between the child’s parent
Disrupted child care with a succession of different
caregivers.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
6. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Signs & symptoms of ODD usually occur in more
than one setting, although they may be more
noticeable at home or at school. They include:
Persistent or consistent pattern of defiant,
disobedient, hostile behavior.
Disobeying directly by not following rules
Disobeying indirectly by procrastinating & being
sneaky
Refusing to cooperate
Being touchy & easily annoyed
Frequent bouts of anger & resentment.www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
7. Count…
Persistent fighting
Excessive arguing
Stubbornness
Testing of behavior limits
Temper tantrum
Deliberate attempts to upset or annoy people
Vindictiveness
Blaming others for his own misbehavior
Violating other’s rights.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
8. TREATMENT
Treatment of ODD focuses on meeting the child’s
& family’s psychological & psychosocial needs -
& preventing ODD from progressing to conduct
disorder.
The child may benefit from individual
psychotherapy, with an emphasis on anger
management.
Parents may benefit from training programs that
teach them how to mange the child’s behavior.
Together, the parents & child may undergo family
psychotherapy to improve communication.
Usually, drug therapy is reserved for children who
also have symptoms of anxiety or depression.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
9. NURSING INTERVENTION
Convey acceptance to help establish a trusting
relationship.
Discuss with the child the limits & consequences of
oppositional behavior.
Help him address negative feelings – especially
anger & resentment. Determine appropriate
strategies for handling these feelings.
Assist him in addressing situations & issues that
trigger negative thoughts & feelings.
Discuss strategies he can use to control negative
situations.
Help the child learn to accept responsibility for hiswww.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
10. Count…
Teach him how to express anger appropriately &
control his temper.
Identify his use of passive-aggressive behavior,
evaluate its effect on others, & devise strategies to
eliminate it.
Teach the child problem-solving & communication
skills. Provide role-playing opportunities so he can
become comfortable & self-confident when using
these new skills.
Reinforce the child’s acceptable behavior &
positive behavior changes.
Work with the child & his family to address conflict,
clear expectations, & improvement inwww.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
