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Chapter 8 Capital Gains and Losses 2011 Cengage Learning Income Tax Fundamentals  2011  Gerald E. Whittenburg  Martha Altus-Buller
Learning Objectives 2011 Cengage Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Define a Capital Asset A capital asset is any asset  other  than  inventory, receivables, copyrights, certain U.S. Government publications and depreciable or real property used in a trade or business. Capital assets are defined by exception 2011 Cengage Learning
Capital Gains and Losses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Capital Assets - Holding Period ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Realized Gains/Losses vs.  Recognized Gains/Losses Amount realized * less: Adjusted basis of property *   Realized gain (loss) less: Allowed gain deferral *   Recognized gain (loss ) *Models for these items are found on the next screens Realization of gain or loss requires the  “ sale or exchange” of an asset. 2011 Cengage Learning
Amount Realized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Example of  Calculating Gain/Loss ,[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Adjusted Basis   Original cost plus:   Capital improvements* less:  Accumulated depreciation Adjusted basis *Items that significantly result in increase to  property value or increased useful life 2011 Cengage Learning
Cost Basis for Stock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Net Capital Gains ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Tax Treatment for  Net Long-term Capital Gains ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Tax Treatment for  Net Short-term Capital Gains ,[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Calculating  Net Capital Position  Long-term gains netted against Long-term losses Net Long-term Gain or Loss Short-term gains netted against Short-term losses Net Short-term Gain or Loss = = Step 1:  Classify each item as short-term or long-term and net by groups 2011 Cengage Learning
Calculating  Net Capital Position  If net short-term &  long-term are opposite signs: Net the short-term gain or loss against Net the long-term gain or loss Net Capital Gain or Loss = ,[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Net Capital Losses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Ordering Rules  for Capital Losses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Net Capital Position Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Capital Gain/Loss Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Character of Gain or Loss Amount realized from disposition less: Adjusted basis of property  Realized gain (loss) less: Deferred gain allowed   Recognized gain (loss) Ordinary §1231 (Form 4797) Capital (Schedule D) Personal Use Character of gain (loss) 2011 Cengage Learning
Section 1231 Assets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
§ 1231 Netting Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Depreciation Recapture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
§1245  Depreciation Recapture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
§1245 Example ,[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
§1250  Depreciation Recapture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Unrecaptured Depreciation  on Real Estate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],To the extent of the remaining amount in that bracket, then 25% 2011 Cengage Learning
25% Unrecaptured Depreciation  on Real Estate Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Casualty Gains & Losses: Personal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Casualty Gains & Losses: Business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Casualty Gains & Losses: Business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Casualty Gains & Losses Example ,[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Solution Hurricane results in a casualty gain =  $  7,000  $8,000 - 15,000.  Windstorm results in a casualty loss =  $41,500   ($44,000 - $10,000) + ($8,000 - $0)] - $500 floor Net casualty loss =  $34,900  The total net casualty loss of $34,900 is further reduced by 10% of AGI. 2011 Cengage Learning
Installment Sales - Form 6252 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Installment Sales Computations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
§1031 Like-Kind Exchanges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Like Kind Exchange Models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Like Kind Exchange Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Adjusted basis of  property given up + boot paid – boot received + gain recognized  2011 Cengage Learning
Involuntary Conversions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Sale of Personal Residence  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Sale of Personal Residence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2011 Cengage Learning
Done! 2011 Cengage Learning

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Chapter 8

  • 1. Chapter 8 Capital Gains and Losses 2011 Cengage Learning Income Tax Fundamentals 2011 Gerald E. Whittenburg Martha Altus-Buller
  • 2.
  • 3. Define a Capital Asset A capital asset is any asset other than inventory, receivables, copyrights, certain U.S. Government publications and depreciable or real property used in a trade or business. Capital assets are defined by exception 2011 Cengage Learning
  • 4.
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  • 6. Realized Gains/Losses vs. Recognized Gains/Losses Amount realized * less: Adjusted basis of property * Realized gain (loss) less: Allowed gain deferral * Recognized gain (loss ) *Models for these items are found on the next screens Realization of gain or loss requires the “ sale or exchange” of an asset. 2011 Cengage Learning
  • 7.
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  • 10. Adjusted Basis Original cost plus: Capital improvements* less: Accumulated depreciation Adjusted basis *Items that significantly result in increase to property value or increased useful life 2011 Cengage Learning
  • 11.
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  • 15. Calculating Net Capital Position Long-term gains netted against Long-term losses Net Long-term Gain or Loss Short-term gains netted against Short-term losses Net Short-term Gain or Loss = = Step 1: Classify each item as short-term or long-term and net by groups 2011 Cengage Learning
  • 16.
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  • 23. Character of Gain or Loss Amount realized from disposition less: Adjusted basis of property Realized gain (loss) less: Deferred gain allowed Recognized gain (loss) Ordinary §1231 (Form 4797) Capital (Schedule D) Personal Use Character of gain (loss) 2011 Cengage Learning
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  • 48. Done! 2011 Cengage Learning