1. Junior High School ofJunior High School of
LefkonasLefkonas
The title of the Project:The title of the Project:
““The influence of Shakespeare’sThe influence of Shakespeare’s
plays”plays”

2. ΣΤΟΧΟΙΣΤΟΧΟΙ
 ΣυνεργασίαΣυνεργασία
 Γνωριμία με τονΓνωριμία με τον Shakespeare,Shakespeare, τα έργα του,τα έργα του,
την προσφορά του στην Αγγλική κουλτούρατην προσφορά του στην Αγγλική κουλτούρα
 -Αναζήτηση μηνυμάτων και ηθικών αξιών στα-Αναζήτηση μηνυμάτων και ηθικών αξιών στα
έργα τουέργα του
 Επίδραση των έργων του στους νέουςΕπίδραση των έργων του στους νέους
σήμερασήμερα
 Χρήση και εξοικείωση στην ομιλία,γραφή καιΧρήση και εξοικείωση στην ομιλία,γραφή και
κατανόηση κειμένων της Αγγλικής γλώσσαςκατανόηση κειμένων της Αγγλικής γλώσσας

3. William Shakespeare’sWilliam Shakespeare’s
BiographyBiography

4. Shakespeare’s hometown is Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was born on AprilShakespeare’s hometown is Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was born on April
23, 1564 and baptized three days later. He was born to John Shakespeare and Mary23, 1564 and baptized three days later. He was born to John Shakespeare and Mary
Arden. His father had been incredibly successful in Stratford in both his own businessArden. His father had been incredibly successful in Stratford in both his own business
and in his civil career. He had been appointed the mayor of Stratford and to the evenand in his civil career. He had been appointed the mayor of Stratford and to the even
higher rank of Chief Alderman of Stratford. This was during the Elizabethan era.higher rank of Chief Alderman of Stratford. This was during the Elizabethan era.
The childhood of William Shakespeare and the Elizabethan education that he received atThe childhood of William Shakespeare and the Elizabethan education that he received at
the King Edward VI Stratford Grammar School was of a high quality. Stratford wasthe King Edward VI Stratford Grammar School was of a high quality. Stratford was
often visited by traveling troupes of professional actors so William would have comeoften visited by traveling troupes of professional actors so William would have come
into close contact with the acting fraternity from a very young age.into close contact with the acting fraternity from a very young age.
At the age of eighteen, he married his 26 year old impregnated girlfriend, AnneAt the age of eighteen, he married his 26 year old impregnated girlfriend, Anne
Hathaway. Together they had three children, Susanna Hall, Hamnet Shakespeare andHathaway. Together they had three children, Susanna Hall, Hamnet Shakespeare and
Judith Quiney. Although their last names differ, Hamnet and Judith were twins.Judith Quiney. Although their last names differ, Hamnet and Judith were twins.
To further pursue his career, William moved to London. At the age of 28, in 1592, heTo further pursue his career, William moved to London. At the age of 28, in 1592, he
was already established as both an actor and playwright. Around this time,was already established as both an actor and playwright. Around this time,
Shakespeare became one of the founding members of the acting company, “The LordShakespeare became one of the founding members of the acting company, “The Lord
Chamberlain’s Men.” Shakespeare’s company built the Globe Theatre to perform theirChamberlain’s Men.” Shakespeare’s company built the Globe Theatre to perform their
works, but due to an accident, Shakespeare’s original theatre burnt down. The theatreworks, but due to an accident, Shakespeare’s original theatre burnt down. The theatre
was rebuilt by June of 1614. It was designed to be affordable to all. During this era,was rebuilt by June of 1614. It was designed to be affordable to all. During this era,
it was considered “improper” for women to act, therefore, young boys would play theit was considered “improper” for women to act, therefore, young boys would play the
roles of women and girls. However, when James I became king, they became “Theroles of women and girls. However, when James I became king, they became “The
King’s Men.” As a result they performed regularly in court.King’s Men.” As a result they performed regularly in court.

5. Shakespeare was a playwright, poet and actor.Shakespeare was a playwright, poet and actor.
His comedies included A Midsummer Night’s Dream andHis comedies included A Midsummer Night’s Dream and
Cymbeline. These stories always had happy endings.Cymbeline. These stories always had happy endings.
Shakespeare’s histories included King John and RichardShakespeare’s histories included King John and Richard
II. The stories were usually set against medieval EnglishII. The stories were usually set against medieval English
history. They were not historically accurate. They providedhistory. They were not historically accurate. They provided
social commentary and explored the social structure of thesocial commentary and explored the social structure of the
time. His tragedies included Macbeth and Hamlet.time. His tragedies included Macbeth and Hamlet.
Shakespeare’s tragedies commonly showed the death of theShakespeare’s tragedies commonly showed the death of the
main characters. Therefore, they were sad. Romeo andmain characters. Therefore, they were sad. Romeo and
Juliet is a tragic comedy. Shakespeare’s sonnets are veryJuliet is a tragic comedy. Shakespeare’s sonnets are very
famous as well.famous as well.
It is believed that by 1613, he had moved back to Stratford-It is believed that by 1613, he had moved back to Stratford-
upon-Avon. He died on April 23rd, 1616—the same day heupon-Avon. He died on April 23rd, 1616—the same day he
was born. He is viewed as one of the most influential writerswas born. He is viewed as one of the most influential writers
in history.in history.

6. Words and PhrasesWords and Phrases
Coined byCoined by
ShakespeareShakespeare

7.  All that glitters is not gold All that glitters is not gold (The Merchant of(The Merchant of
Venice)Venice)
 All's well that ends well All's well that ends well (title)(title)
 As good luck would have it As good luck would have it (The Merry Wives(The Merry Wives
of Windsor)of Windsor)
 As merry as the day is long As merry as the day is long (Much Ado About(Much Ado About
Nothing / King John)Nothing / King John)
 Bated breath Bated breath (The Merchant of Venice)(The Merchant of Venice)
 Bag and baggage Bag and baggage (As You Like It /(As You Like It /
Winter's Tale)Winter's Tale)

8.  Bear a charmed life (Macbeth)Bear a charmed life (Macbeth)
 Be-all and the end-all (Macbeth)Be-all and the end-all (Macbeth)
 Beggar all description (Antony and Cleopatra)Beggar all description (Antony and Cleopatra)
 Better foot before (King John)Better foot before (King John)
 The better part of valor is discretion The better part of valor is discretion
 In a better world than this (As You Like It)In a better world than this (As You Like It)
 Neither a borrower nor a lender be (Hamlet)Neither a borrower nor a lender be (Hamlet)
 Brave new world (The Tempest)Brave new world (The Tempest)
 Break the ice (The Taming of the Shrew)Break the ice (The Taming of the Shrew)
 Breathed his last (3 Henry VI)Breathed his last (3 Henry VI)

9. MATERIALMATERIAL
CD
DVD
InTERnET

10. HAMLETHAMLET

11. Background of HamletBackground of Hamlet
The story of Hamlet was written between 1599 to 1601. It was published inThe story of Hamlet was written between 1599 to 1601. It was published in
1603 “The First Quarto” and in 1604 “The Second Quarto”. . The first1603 “The First Quarto” and in 1604 “The Second Quarto”. . The first
recorded production of Hamlet was by the Chamberlain’s Men in 1600 orrecorded production of Hamlet was by the Chamberlain’s Men in 1600 or
1601 ,so it is likely that Shakespeare composed the play in early 1600.1601 ,so it is likely that Shakespeare composed the play in early 1600.
Hamlet became an instant hit and the great Shakespearean actor , RichardHamlet became an instant hit and the great Shakespearean actor , Richard
Burdage received much acclaim in the lead role. Hamlet’s popularity grewBurdage received much acclaim in the lead role. Hamlet’s popularity grew
until the closing of the theaters by the puritanical government. It wasuntil the closing of the theaters by the puritanical government. It was
performed at taverns and inns along with other great drama during thatperformed at taverns and inns along with other great drama during that
period . After the theaters re-opened Hamlet was brought back to the stage andperiod . After the theaters re-opened Hamlet was brought back to the stage and
the play’s popularity has been growing since then.the play’s popularity has been growing since then.
Saxo Grammaticus recorded at the 1st place with a Danish revenge story ofSaxo Grammaticus recorded at the 1st place with a Danish revenge story of
Hamlet in the 1100’s. In these stories, a Danish prince fakes madness in theHamlet in the 1100’s. In these stories, a Danish prince fakes madness in the
prince’s father and married his mother. Shakespeare modified this story thisprince’s father and married his mother. Shakespeare modified this story this
story more straightforward because he wanted to filled it with dread andstory more straightforward because he wanted to filled it with dread and
uncertainly. By the time, Hamlet doesn’t just feign madness . It means, he isuncertainly. By the time, Hamlet doesn’t just feign madness . It means, he is
actually crazy.actually crazy.

12. Themes in Hamlet’s playThemes in Hamlet’s play
 The Mistery of DeathThe Mistery of Death
 The play shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built upon ,howThe play shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built upon ,how
many unknown quantities are taken for granted. When people act or whenmany unknown quantities are taken for granted. When people act or when
they evaluate one another’s action.they evaluate one another’s action.
 Themes in Hamlet’s playThemes in Hamlet’s play
 LoveLove
 RevengeRevenge
 HateHate
 SorrowSorrow
 FearFear
 EvilEvil
 ActionAction
 DesireDesire
 BeliefBelief
 JusticeJustice
 InduceInduce
 ConscienceConscience
 MisogynyMisogyny
 IndecisivenessIndecisiveness

13. summarysummary
Hamlet is a tragedy play, which takes place in a castle. ThereHamlet is a tragedy play, which takes place in a castle. There
the king of Denmark, Hamlet, is murdered by his brother,the king of Denmark, Hamlet, is murdered by his brother,
Claudius, who wanted to become king. However, nobody knowsClaudius, who wanted to become king. However, nobody knows
who has done it. Then Claudius gets married to the Queen.who has done it. Then Claudius gets married to the Queen.
Although he tries to keep his secret hidden, Hamlet’s son startsAlthough he tries to keep his secret hidden, Hamlet’s son starts
to suspect him. Trying to find out the truth, Hamlet sees ato suspect him. Trying to find out the truth, Hamlet sees a
ghost that solves this mystery. Since Claudius is afraid that theghost that solves this mystery. Since Claudius is afraid that the
truth will come on the surface he sends Hamlet to England to betruth will come on the surface he sends Hamlet to England to be
killed. However, Hamlet manages to escape. Hamlet, in orderkilled. However, Hamlet manages to escape. Hamlet, in order
to avenge Claudius asks some actors to play the scene of ato avenge Claudius asks some actors to play the scene of a
murder that reminds his fathers’ murder. There all themurder that reminds his fathers’ murder. There all the
mysteries and secrets are revealed.mysteries and secrets are revealed.

14. HamletHamlet
At the same time he looks emotional and sensitive because he loves Polonius’At the same time he looks emotional and sensitive because he loves Polonius’
daughter, Ophelia. In the end, he is angry and kills Laertes, the son of Poloniusdaughter, Ophelia. In the end, he is angry and kills Laertes, the son of Polonius
and his uncle, Claudius, who had killed Hamlet’s father, because he wanted to getand his uncle, Claudius, who had killed Hamlet’s father, because he wanted to get
the crown. Hamlet is a man of contradiction. He is reckless and simultaneouslythe crown. Hamlet is a man of contradiction. He is reckless and simultaneously
cautious, he is courteous and simultaneously uncivil, he is tender andcautious, he is courteous and simultaneously uncivil, he is tender and
simultaneously ferocious. He feels sorrow for his father’s death but he issimultaneously ferocious. He feels sorrow for his father’s death but he is
responsible for Rosencrahtz’s and Guildenstern’s death.He is heartless butresponsible for Rosencrahtz’s and Guildenstern’s death.He is heartless but
virtuous paying respect and awe for hisvirtuous paying respect and awe for his
father.Indecisiveness,hastiness,hate,brutality and obsession characterize hisfather.Indecisiveness,hastiness,hate,brutality and obsession characterize his
words and actions but at the same time he is a philosopher. He searches for truthwords and actions but at the same time he is a philosopher. He searches for truth
and life’s meaning.. He loved Ophelia and felt feelings of devotion as his fatherand life’s meaning.. He loved Ophelia and felt feelings of devotion as his father
felt for his mother but then he turns on her and destroys her with cruelty.His ownfelt for his mother but then he turns on her and destroys her with cruelty.His own
vicious words caused Ophelia’s insanityvicious words caused Ophelia’s insanity
Deep sensitive and hungry for justice.Deep sensitive and hungry for justice.
Hamlet is the prince of Denmark.In the beginning he is
sad for his father’s death. His father ‘s ghost manages to
persuade him to get revenge his uncle, Claudius. Hamlet
tries to find ways and chances to kill his uncle. He is
obedient to his father’s advice. Moreover, he is clever and
understands his uncle’s trap.

15. GetrudeGetrude
GertrudeGertrude is Hamlet's mother and Queen of Denmark is Hamlet's mother and Queen of Denmark.. HerHer
relationship with Hamlet is somewhat turbulent, since he resentsrelationship with Hamlet is somewhat turbulent, since he resents
her for marrying her husband's brother Claudius after he murderedher for marrying her husband's brother Claudius after he murdered
the King (young Hamlet's father, King Hamlet).the King (young Hamlet's father, King Hamlet).
Getrude is shallow, thinks only about her body and externalGetrude is shallow, thinks only about her body and external
pleasure. Faithless and ambitious, she wants to be delighted. Wepleasure. Faithless and ambitious, she wants to be delighted. We
can imagine that she is a woman in fine clothes soft pillows andcan imagine that she is a woman in fine clothes soft pillows and
warm baths. .Narrow minded, and enthousiastic ,passionate, andwarm baths. .Narrow minded, and enthousiastic ,passionate, and
immoral, irrational and naïve.immoral, irrational and naïve.

16. The GhostThe Ghost
The ghost appears at midnight looking for Hamlet. He comes nearThe ghost appears at midnight looking for Hamlet. He comes near
with his dark voice and says that it is Hamlet’s father. He wantswith his dark voice and says that it is Hamlet’s father. He wants
revenge and also mercy on his soul. Moreover, he is impatient andrevenge and also mercy on his soul. Moreover, he is impatient and
decisive. The ghost is also cruel and tough.decisive. The ghost is also cruel and tough.

17. PoloniusPolonius
Polonius isPolonius is
greedy,cruel,snobbish,dishonest,immoral,sly,irresponsgreedy,cruel,snobbish,dishonest,immoral,sly,irrespons
ible and is completely trusted by the Eing,survey.ible and is completely trusted by the Eing,survey.
Father of Opheliaand Laertes, and Lord ChamberlainFather of Opheliaand Laertes, and Lord Chamberlain
to King Claudius, he is described as a windbag byto King Claudius, he is described as a windbag by
some and a rambler of wisdom by others.some and a rambler of wisdom by others.

18. LAERTESLAERTES
Laertes becomes naïve andLaertes becomes naïve and
willing tool of Claudius.Vilainwilling tool of Claudius.Vilain
himself .Passionate and quick tohimself .Passionate and quick to
action, Laertes is clearly a foilaction, Laertes is clearly a foil
for the reflective Hamletfor the reflective Hamlet

19. OPHELIAOPHELIA
A fragile,innocent, unselfish,childlikeA fragile,innocent, unselfish,childlike
and naïve young lady.Her heart isand naïve young lady.Her heart is
pure,incapable of defending herself.Wepure,incapable of defending herself.We
imagine her spending the dayimagine her spending the day
needlepoint and flowerneedlepoint and flower
gathering.Although she loves Hamletgathering.Although she loves Hamlet
she obeys her father andshe obeys her father and
brother.Dependent on men to tell herbrother.Dependent on men to tell her
how to obey.how to obey.

20. Rosencrantz & GuildensternRosencrantz & Guildenstern
Two slightly bumbling courtiers, formerTwo slightly bumbling courtiers, former
friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, whofriends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who
are summoned by Claudius and Gertrudeare summoned by Claudius and Gertrude
to discover the cause of Hamlet’s strangeto discover the cause of Hamlet’s strange
behaviourbehaviour..

21. HORATIOHORATIO
Horatio ,Hamlet's loyal friend, isHoratio ,Hamlet's loyal friend, is
acalm,resolute and rationalacalm,resolute and rational
friend.He does not afraid tofriend.He does not afraid to
confront the ghost.Hamlet admiresconfront the ghost.Hamlet admires
Horatio for the qualities thatHoratio for the qualities that
Hamlet himself does notHamlet himself does not
possess.A trustworthy andpossess.A trustworthy and
devoted friend ,prepared to commitdevoted friend ,prepared to commit
suicide so that he will not have tosuicide so that he will not have to
live without his beloved friend.live without his beloved friend.

22. ClaudiusClaudius
Claudius is intelligent and also heClaudius is intelligent and also he
represents the worst in human nature. Herepresents the worst in human nature. He
is full of ambition and desires. He is ais full of ambition and desires. He is a
multi-faceted villain, a corrupt politician andmulti-faceted villain, a corrupt politician and
morally weak. Also he is content and verymorally weak. Also he is content and very
soul for a few prized possession and he is asoul for a few prized possession and he is a
capable ruler with a great ability tocapable ruler with a great ability to
manipulate others through his skillful usemanipulate others through his skillful use
of language. His characteristics are lustof language. His characteristics are lust
greed, corruption and excess. He does notgreed, corruption and excess. He does not
stop Gertrude from drinking the poison instop Gertrude from drinking the poison in
the goblet the duel between Hamlet andthe goblet the duel between Hamlet and
Laertes.Laertes.

23. Hamlet different endingHamlet different ending
The duel started with both Hamlet and Laetres trying to give the firstThe duel started with both Hamlet and Laetres trying to give the first
hit.The fight continued for a while when with some good moves Hamlethit.The fight continued for a while when with some good moves Hamlet
managed to bring down Laertes but without hitting him. Meanwhile themanaged to bring down Laertes but without hitting him. Meanwhile the
King offered the poisoned water to Hamlet but he refused to drink it.King offered the poisoned water to Hamlet but he refused to drink it.
Then they continued the fight when Hamlet finally managed to hurtThen they continued the fight when Hamlet finally managed to hurt
Laertes fatally . The King seeing Laertes dying tried to leave the roomLaertes fatally . The King seeing Laertes dying tried to leave the room
with the fear that Laertes will reveal the King'plan .Hamlet stopped himwith the fear that Laertes will reveal the King'plan .Hamlet stopped him
with his words.with his words.
 Where are you going Claudius ?Are you afraid of something?Where are you going Claudius ?Are you afraid of something?
The king told him he was not feeling well.Hearing that the QueenThe king told him he was not feeling well.Hearing that the Queen
offered him the poisoned water.Not seeing that was the poisoned wateroffered him the poisoned water.Not seeing that was the poisoned water
the King drank it wanting to show that he needed it.During the duelthe King drank it wanting to show that he needed it.During the duel
Hamlet said to Laertes.Hamlet said to Laertes.
 I feel sorry that your father is dead but that was an accident .your angerI feel sorry that your father is dead but that was an accident .your anger
was meant to I am asking for forgivenesswas meant to I am asking for forgiveness
Laertes answered angrily:Laertes answered angrily:
 I don’t want to forgive you! And he managed to hit him to the leg.I don’t want to forgive you! And he managed to hit him to the leg.
In a while both the King and Hamlet were about to die . HoratioIn a while both the King and Hamlet were about to die . Horatio
approached Hamlet and told him:approached Hamlet and told him:

24.  Please my lord don’t die .Our Kingdom will be without a nPlease my lord don’t die .Our Kingdom will be without a n
honest King.honest King.
Then Hamlet replied:Then Hamlet replied:
 No Horatio you can be the King from now on and try to saveNo Horatio you can be the King from now on and try to save
Laertes so you can have him as your consultant. Laertes wasLaertes so you can have him as your consultant. Laertes was
bleeding too much to be saved and said before he died.bleeding too much to be saved and said before he died.
 I don’t need you to save me. This is my end I shouldn’t haveI don’t need you to save me. This is my end I shouldn’t have
trusted the King. He is responsible.trusted the King. He is responsible.
Then Hamlet replied to the King in anger:Then Hamlet replied to the King in anger:
 How could you?You made all those people die .You deserve toHow could you?You made all those people die .You deserve to
die.die.
After these words he said to Horatio:After these words he said to Horatio:
These are my last words. Horatio I name you the King of thisThese are my last words. Horatio I name you the King of this
country.Horatio immediately responsed and asked what it iscountry.Horatio immediately responsed and asked what it is
going to happen to the Queen.going to happen to the Queen.
 She shouldn’t be here. She doesn’t deserve it.You and theShe shouldn’t be here. She doesn’t deserve it.You and the
people of this county should dethrone her. After that he died.people of this county should dethrone her. After that he died.
Horatio announced Hamlet's words s and he ordered to prepareHoratio announced Hamlet's words s and he ordered to prepare
the funeral he deserves.the funeral he deserves.

25. alternative Title:alternative Title:
When desire leads to evil.When desire leads to evil.

30.  , ,Συνεργασία μαθητών καθηγητών γονέων
 Χρήση της Αγγλικής γλώσσας στις εργασίες
πκαι δραματο οίηση σκηνών
 Εμβάνθυνση λογοτεχνικών κειμένων
 Ανάδειξη δεξιοτήτων και ίκανοτήτων και των
μαθητών και των καθηγητών
 Γνωριμία με την Αγγλική
,κουλτούρα Shakespeare , π ,ενδυμασία ε οχής
μεσαιωνική μουσική
 πΕ αφή με φορείς
ΣΤΟΧΟΙ ΠΟΥ ΕΠΙΤΕΥΧΘΗΚΑΝ