1. S
 Automatic physical reactions to a danger
or demand, the tension may be physical or
psychological and the resulting state of the
balance may lead to illness or death.
 is a state where one’s coping is not
enough to maintain a balance or equilibrium
 A state of body disequilibrium
 The general term applied to the pressure
people feel in life

2. STRESS IS INEVITABLE
BUT SUFFERING IS
OPTIONAL
STRESS
 Is a major cause of low productivity
high absenteeism, bad judgment,
misallocation of resources, and poor
morale
 Is an everyday fact of life
 Not all stress is bad
 Is an individual reaction

3. MANAGING STRESS IN THE
WORKPLACE
 The workforce is particularly vulnerable to
occupational problems at several points in their
working lives and the message is simple
 Stress effects work performance
 Stress can lead to job conflicts, mismanagement of
resources and organizational problems
 The stressed worker is prone to poor performance,
accidents, injuries, absenteeism, alcohol and
substance abuse
 Personal/Family issues may affect job performance

4.  Chronic exposure to stress may lead to psychosocial
problems and stress related illnesses
 Incidence of drug/alcohol abuse is increasing among
the working group
 Increasing source of mental health (MH) problems
due to technological advancement/increasing work
demands
 Furthermore, stress management, stress reduction
and work enhancement workshops and seminars as
well as direct services is a priority concern of the
DOH

5. FACT SHEET #1
ISSUES:
 Stress affects work productivity
 Some types of job designs are stressful to workers
 Work environment creates stress
 Personal/Family issues may affect work performance]
 Organizational structures/issues creates stresses
 Chronic exposure to stress may lead to psychosocial
problems and stress related illnesses
 Incidence of drug/alcohol abuse is increasing among
the working class

6.  There is lack of conscious awareness of
mental health issues as an integral
component of health services
 Increasing work demands are sources of
mental health problems
 There is lack/absence of psychosocial
services for employees
 Stress management programs are not
institutionalized in workplaces
 There is lack of recognition of the importance
of the relationship of emotional status and
productivity of the worker
 There is lack of avenue for workers to air their
emotional and psychological concerns thus
these are contained and unmanaged

7. FACT SHEET #2
DID YOU KNOW THAT?
 75 – 90% of visits to physicians are stress
related
 Job stress is a major health factors costing
businesses an estimated 150 billion dollars
annually
 Stress related disorders are a major cause of
rapidly increasing health care costs
 Cardiovascular diseases have overtaken
communicable diseases as a leading cause
of death

8.  Highly stressed individuals are
susceptible of infections/colds.
 Most serious accidents in the
workplaces are related to stress.
 Stress unmanaged leads to
mismanagement of resources, poor
morale, high turnover of personnel, bad
judgment and low productivity

9. FACT SHEET #3
 All people experience stress
 Some groups are more valuable than others
 Unhappily married people are more stressed
than happily married people
 Widows and widowers are more likely to become
ill than others their age
 Working wives are happier than non-working
wives
 Husbands of working wives are less happy,
poorer in health and more dissatisfied with their
job and marriage
 Depression is twice common in woman than men

10.  The unemployed are more likely to suffer
emotional breakdown than those employed
 The poor are more likely to experience distress
than the middle class or the wealthy
 Urban dwellers are more stressed than rural
dwellers
 Blue-collar workers experience more boredom
than white-collar workers
 Sedentary workers have more heart attack than
those whose work requires physical efforts
 Older bachelors report more psychological
problems than never married women
 Top executives have low mortality rates than
second level executives

11. FACT SHEET #4
TEN LEADING CAUSES OF JOB STRESS
 Work overload/stagnation
 Ambiguity or rigidity of task
 Role conflict
 Extreme amount of responsibility
 Negative competition

12.  Constant changes
 Ongoing contact with stress carriers
 Containment of emotional reactions
 Poor interaction with management
 Matters related to corporate work

13. FACT SHEET #5
EFFECTS OF STRESS
Physical Symptoms
 Headaches
 Sleep disorders (e.g. insomnia, oversleeping)
 Lower back pains
 Clenching the jaws or grinding teeth
 Constipation, diarrhea, colitis, indigestion or ulcer
 Skin rashes
 Muscle aches (especially neck & shoulders)
 Hypertension or heart attack
 Appetite change

14. Interpersonal Symptoms
 Inappropriate distrust of others
 Blaming others
 Missing appointments
 Faultfinding and verbal attacking
 Overly defensive attitude
 Giving others the “silent treatment”

15. Intellectual Symptoms
 Trouble concentrating
 Difficulty in making decisions
 Forgetfulness
 Confusion
 Poor memory & recall
 Preoccupation with a single thought or idea
 Loss of sense of humor
 Decreased productivity, lower quality of work
 Poor judgment

16. Emotional Symptoms
 Anxiety or worry
 Depression
 Mood swings
 Irritability
 Nervousness
 Lowered self-esteem
 Increased sensitivity
 Angry outburst/aggression or hostility
 Feeling emotionally drained or burned out

17. FACT SHEET #6
CONSEQUENCIES OF PROLONGED
AND CHRONIC STRESS
SELF WORK
 Coronary Heart Diseases Reduced Commitment
 Cancer and other neoplasms
Decreased Motivation
 Lowered immunity to infections
Stressed Out
 Psychosomatic Problems
 Mental Health Problems Burnout
 (Depression, Anxieties) Reduced Performance and other negative
effects
Low Productivity

18. FACT SHEET #7
LIST OF ATTITUDES OF PERSONS WHO
ARE HIGH RISK FOR BURNOUT:

 Very accommodating & have difficulty in
saying no.
 Overly concerned for minor tasks while
neglecting important ones
 Super human attitude – doing everything, less
delegation
 Very high standards set for the self & others
 Self blame

19.  Overly defensive attitude
 Easily upset over minor irritants
 Keep things to self without emotional
ventilation
 Impatient with others
 Low tolerance of ambiguity
 Very rigid. Low tolerance of other people’s
mistakes
 Does not accommodate ideas of others,
believes only that his/her ideas are correct

20. FACT SHEET #8
HOW CAN I MANAGE STRESS BETTER?
 Identify the sources of your stresses
 Recognize what you cannot control
 Learn to reduce your emotional reactions
 Learn to moderate your physical reactions
 Build physical reserves
 Maintain a healthy life style

21. FACT SHEET #9
HOW CAN I MANAGE THE EFFECTS OF
STRESS BETTER?
 Recognize the minor irritants or hassles that
upset you
 Accept what you cannot change and work on
things that you have good control of.
 Learn the Correct Breathing Techniques
 Do simple stretching activities
 Learn simple mental relaxation techniques
 Recognize your physical reactions, tensions
and body aches

22.  Have a good massage of the neck, shoulder
and back muscles
 Hone your muscles, exercise 25-30 minutes
at least 3 x a week.
 Maintain a healthy Life Style:
– reduce alcohol intake
– have adequate sleep
– have proper nutrition
– enough rest and relaxation
 Find meaning in what you do!
 Attend Stress Management Trainings/
Workshops
 Smile (it take 15 muscles to smile and 48
muscles to frown)

23. FACT SHEET #10
“Sandosenang S”, Iwas Stress
 Spirituality
 Smile
 Sports
 Siesta
 Sounds & songs
 Speak to me
 Socials
 Stress Debriefing
 Scheduling
 Sensation Techniques
 Self Awareness
 Stress Reduction Exercise

24. RECOGNITION OF THE IMPORTANCE
OF STRESS ON THE JOB
The general awareness that stress-
related diseases have reached
epidemic proportions
 More people die or are disabled today as
result of stress than at any other time
 Stress is so physically damaging and
pervasive
 Primarily psychological in nature

25. Practical
 The effects of stress on the job are
costly and are reflected in a lower
productive efficiency
 Reduces drastically employee
motivation and the physical ability to
perform the task well, thus increasing
absenteeism, turnover and tardiness

26. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN
VULNERABILITY OF STRESS
Social Support
 The person who is alone physically and
psychologically is more vulnerable to
stress than someone who has strong
social relationships
 It is also important to reduce stress and
to have better health on the job

27. Physical Condition
 Persons in better physical condition suffer
fewer affects of stress than those in poor
physical condition
Ability to Perform
 An employee with a high level of the skills
needed for the job usually finds the work
easier and less stressful than employees with
a lower level of ability

28. Personality
Type A Personality
 High competitive drive, constant sense of
urgency about time
 Hostile people although they successfully hide
it from others – always in a state of tension
and stress
 Prone to heart disease by middle age
Type B Personality
 Function under far less stress in all aspects of
life including work
 Never have heart attacks before the age of
70, regardless of their jobs or their eating and
smoking habits

29. TYPICAL CAUSES OF STRESS
 Work overload
– Quantitative overload
– Qualitative overload
 Time pressures
 Poor quality of supervision
 Insecure political climate
 Inadequate authority to match
responsibility

30.  Role conflict and ambiguity
 Difference between company and
employee values
 CHANGE in any type, especially when it
is major or unusual
 Frustration
 Problems of career development
 Performance appraisal
 Responsibility for other people
 Assembly line work

31. SOURCES OF STRESS IN AN
INDIVIDUAL
 Lifechanges
 Minor annoyances
 Chronic discomfort or long term
unpleasantness
 Conflict

32. SOURCES OF STRESS IN AN
ORGANIZATION
 Stress in physical environment
 Stress in interpersonal relationship or
social stressor
 Stress at the organizational level

33. FAMILY PROBLEMS THAT
AFFECTS YOUR WORK
 Financial
 Husband-wife relationship
 Parent-child relationship
 Illness in the family
 No housemaid
 In-laws

34. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
OF STRESS
 Irritability
 Easily fatigue
 Sleep disturbance
 Muscle tension
 Restlessness
 Difficulty concentrating

35. Mental health problems
 Psychosomatic disorders
 Intestinal ulcers
 Asthma
 Migraine, headache
 Hypertension and coronary artery
disease
 Absenteeism
 Avoidant reaction
 Alcoholism

36. FLAMEOUT
 Is a preventable and treatable condition
also referred to as “rapid onset burnout”
 Occurs if need for periodic rest, food
and exercise is overlooked or ignored

37. BURNOUT
A state of exhaustion, irritability and
fatigue which markedly decreases
workers effectiveness and capability
 A state of total mental, emotional and
physical exhaustion characterized by
changed attitudes towards work and
colleagues

38. It develops in 3 distinct stages
 Emotional exhaustion
 Cynicism
 Futility
Burnout employees become:
 Rigid about their work
 Follow rules and procedures blindly and
compulsively – too exhausted to be flexible or
alternative solutions to a problem

39. The causes of burnout:
 Accumulated stress of overwork
 Supported by findings that burnout
usually strikes employees who are most
dedicated and committed to their work;
those who work the most overtime or
stay late at the office and take work
home

40. MANAGEMENT OF STRESS
Organizational Techniques
Emotional Climate Control
 Providing a climate of esteem and
regard for employees and by allowing
them to participate in all decisions
involving change in their work and in the
structure of the organization

41. Provision of Social Support
 Social Support can reduce one’s vulnerability
to stress
 Organizations must facilitate the
cohesiveness of work groups and train the
supervisors to be supportive of their
subordinates
Redefinition of Employee Roles
 Managers must clearly state to their
subordinates what is expected of them and
what the precise scope and responsibilities of
their jobs are

42. Elimination of Work Overload and Work
Underload
 Proper selection and training, equitable
promotion decisions and fair distribution of
work can do much to eliminate these causes
of stress
Provision of Assistance to Stressed
Employees
 Provision of in house counseling programs
that teach individual stress control
techniques and supplying facilities for
physical exercise

43. Individual
Techniques
 Some individual techniques for dealing with
stress may be taught in a company stress-
reduction program. Others can be learned
and practiced by employees on their own
such as a program of physical exercise.
Additional techniques include:
– Relaxation Training
– Biofeedback
– Behavior Modification

44. DOH “Isandosenang “S” Iwas
Stress Campaign”
 Spirituality
 Scheduling
 Speak to me
 Siesta
 Self Awareness
 Sports
 Sensation Techniques
 Socials
 Sounds & Songs
 Smile
 Stress Reduction and Relaxation Exercise
 Stress Debriefing

45. SOURCES OF WORK-RELATED
STRESS
Role ambiguity Lack of participation
on decision making
Responsibility for Work-Related
Work-Related Conflict with other
others Stress
Stress employees
Difficult or unpleasant Lack of support from
work environment co-workers

46. WORK PERFORMANCE
Reduction in output or
productivity
Increase in wastage &
error rates
Poor decisions
Deterioration in planning
& control of work
Table 3
STAFF ATTITUDES & BAHAVIOR RELATIONSHIPS AT WORK
Loss of motivation and
Signs which may
Tension & conflict between
commitment point to a stress colleagues
Staff working increasingly long
hours for diminishing returns
problem in your Poor relationships with clients
Increase in industrial relations or
Erratic or poor timekeeping organization disciplinary problems
SICKNESS ABSENCE
Increase in overall
sickness absence, in
particular frequent short
periods of absence