Transmission 2. Pat Lauke (Opera): Future of Web Technologies

The future of web technologies
WEB STANDARDS, CROSS-DEVICE DEVELOPMENT AND THE WEB AS UBIQUITOUS PLATFORM

Patrick H. Lauke / Transmission2 #tx2 / Manchester / 25 November 2009

1. new web standards
2. adaptive content
3. browser as platform

new technologies you can start using today

HTML5 does not replace HTML 4.01

“...extending the language to better support Web
applications, since that is one of the directions the Web is
going in and is one of the areas least well served by HTML
so far. This puts HTML in direct competition with other
technologies intended for applications deployed over the
Web, in particular Flash and Silverlight.”

Ian Hickson, Editor of HTML5
http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html/2009Jan/0215.html

HTML5 is umbrella term:
markup elements and JavaScript APIs

new elements for more accurate semantics

HTML5 elements for a typical blog

HTML5 – unambiguous and machine readable

current and old browsers
“support” these new elements
(although some need a little extra help)

webforms – more powerful form elements

standardise commonly-used
rich form elements – without JavaScript

built-in validation
(of course you should still validate on the server)

Demonstration of webforms

canvas = “scriptable images”

canvas has standard API methods for drawing
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x, y);
ctx.lineTo(x, y);
ctx.bezierCurveTo(x1, y1, x2, y2, c1, c2);

canvas mixing things up with external graphics
ctx = canvas.drawImage(…)

Demonstration of canvas

<video src="video.ogv"
controls
autoplay
poster="poster.jpg"
width="320" height="240">
<a href="video.ogv">Download movie</a>
</video>

video as native object...why is it important?

● “play nice” with rest of the page
● keyboard accessibility built-in

● API for controls

Demonstration of video in Presto 2.4

video format debates – MP4 vs OGG Theora
<video controls autoplay poster="…" width="…" height="…">
<source src="movie.ogv" type="video/ogg" />
<source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4" />

</video>

still include fallback for old browsers
http://camendesign.com/code/video_for_everybody

video and canvas on any device
without plugins
(Java / Flash / Silverlight not ubiquitous)

and many more...
(geolocation, drag and drop, web workers, offline support, storage)

Mobile web and why it matters
www.opera.com/smw

Opera Mini: +150% users, +224% traffic
15 Billion pages served / month
September 2008 - 2009

"Our goal is to take the one true Web and
make it available to people on their terms."
Jon S. von Tetzchner, Opera Co-founder & CEO

“One Web” is an uneven landscape:

● constrained browsers (WAP, …)
● mobile “Full Web” (Android, Opera Mobile, …)

● proxy-based (Opera Mini, …)

● laptop, Netbook, Tablet PC, Desktop

● games consoles, set-top boxes, TVs

Device capabilities also vary:

● screen size and resolution
● input mechanism – touch, keypad, other?

● memory and processing power

● colour palettes

● connection speed / quality

Approaches to cross-device development:

● do nothing – use standards, defensive design
● separate site (m.mysite.com, mysite.mobi)

●
single site, but optimised for cross-device

CSS 2.1 Media Types:

● print, screen, handheld, projection, tv, …
● partially supported

● lump all devices into single categories

http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/media.html

CSS 2.1 Media Types:

<link rel="stylesheet" ...
media="print" href="...">

@import url("...") print;

@media print {
// insert CSS rules here
}

CSS 3 Media Queries:

● build and extend CSS 2.1 Media Types
● more granular control of capabilities

● width, height, orientation, color, resolution, …

http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/

CSS 3 Media Queries:

@media screen and
(max-device-width: 480px) {

// insert CSS rules here

}

Demonstration of Media Queries

CSS 3 Media Queries and SVG:

● SVG already resolution independent
● ideal for device interfaces, maps, graphs, …

● combination with CSS 3 Media Queries

Demonstration of Media Queries + SVG

Full Web is not always practical or desirable

Widgets are nothing new
Yahoo! Widgets (aka Konfabulator), OS X Dashboard, Windows Sidebar,
Adobe Air, iPhone Apps, Android Apps, …

“…the browser run-time is
perfect…you’re out of writing for
Windows Mobile, Android, S60,
each of which require testing...we
want to abstract that.

All the cool innovation is
happening inside the browser –
you don’t need to write to the
native operating system
anymore.”

Mobile Entertainment Market , June, 2009

W3C Widgets – application development filled
with web standards goodness,
using browser engine as platform

Widgets on desktop, mobile, TV … fridge?

Opera had widget capability for a long time …
latest 10.20 alpha widgets as standalone apps
dev.opera.com/articles/view/widgets-as-standalone-applications

Standardised JavaScript APIs
to access device-specific capabilities
(JIL / BONDI)

www.opera.com/developer
people.opera.com/patrickl/presentations/Transmission2_25.11.2009/Transmission2_25.11.2009.pdf
patrick.lauke@opera.com

Transmission 2. Pat Lauke (Opera): Future of Web Technologies

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Transmission 2. Pat Lauke (Opera): Future of Web Technologies