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1. Don’t forget the ‘C’ in WCAG!
OzeWAI Melbourne 2009
OMG, look what they’ve done to our
templates!

2. Accessibility?
What’s that?

3. A technical issue
isn’t it? What’s it
got to do with us

4. … but that’s for blind
people and we don’t have
any here

5. Oh, no, I thought the web
team took care of all that
stuff

6. You said the CMS
would take care of all
of this!

7. The problems
• Many content authors do not know about web
accessibility
• Some think…
– It’s about blind people, and we don’t have any of them
– It’s a technical issue
– The web team will handle it

8. Potential impact of writers

10. WCAG what? They don’t really
expect us to understand THIS?!!

11. Finally, some
training that is
relevant to my
work

12. Images, emoticons, ASCII art
• Train writers on how and when to use
– Short descriptions (alt, img links, groups of imgs, text)
– Long descriptions (alt + longdesc, text, linked text)
– No description (null alt)

17. Information, structure, relationships
• Train writers on how and when to use:
– Semantic elements (em, q, blockquote, cite, code, etc.)
– List elements (ul, ol, li)
– Heading elements (h1-h6)
– Variations in text format/font (explained in text)
• Show them how to do the first three using the CMS
editor

20. Sensory characteristics
• Train writers to avoid writing instructions that use
sensory characteristics such as shape, size, visual
location, orientation or sound
• When they do, remind them to identify these elements
in the text

22. Use of colour
• Train authors to avoid using colour by itself to convey
information or show meaning. They should
– Use colour and pattern
– Make information available in text as well
• This will mainly relate to images, since colour should
be locked down in your CMS

25. Contrast
• Train writers to use contrast
ratios for fore/background colours of
– 4.5:1 for small text
– 3:3 for larger text
– 7:1 for text over a background
• This will mainly relate to images, since text/bg colour
should be locked down in your CMS

27. Images of text
• Train authors to avoid using images of text except for
logos and
– Offer to help them achieved desired visual outcomes by
using scripting or relevant CSS techniques

29. Page titles
• Train writers to write descriptive page titles for each
page they publish

33. Links
• Train writers to write link text that describes the
purpose of a link
– In context (title attrib, sentence, paragraph, table
cell/heading, preceding heading, nested list)
– Stand alone

37. Section headings
• Train writers to organise content with headings
– Show them how to use the heading levels relevant to the
structure of the content

40. Foreign language
• Train writers to identify foreign language words and
phrases
– Show them how to apply language attributes using the CMS
editor

41. Unusual words
• Train writers to minimise non-literal or unusual use of
words. If they do use them, when words have:
– One meaning within the page, define the first use (in text,
linked, via a glossary or searchable dictionary)
– Different meanings, define each instance

43. Abbreviations
• Train writers to minimise use of shortened forms, but
where they use them and they have:
– One meaning within the page, define the first use (in text,
using ABBR or ACRONYM, via a link, via a searchable
dictionary)
– Different meanings, define each use

46. Reading level
• Train writers to write at lower secondary level, or to
– Provide an alternative version that is easier to read
– Write a summary at lower secondary level
– Supplement the text with explanatory visuals
• You could help them with
– Audio version
– Sign language version

51. Pronunciation
• Train authors to include a pronunciation guide where
the meaning may be ambiguous otherwise
– After the word
– Linked pronunciation
– Glossary

52. Consistent identification
• Train writers to use labels, and text alternatives
consistently for components that have the same
function

53. Summary
• Don’t overlook
– The content: it’s the reason people come to your site!
– The potential of web writers to affect your site’s accessibility
• Don’t assume
– Writers know about accessibility
– Writers will read or understand WCAG 2.0 documents
– Your CMS will prevent accessibility problems
• Do offer
– Accessibility training tailored for writers
– Accessibility topics in any web writing training

54. The (happy) end!