The document summarizes the history of the Roman Republic from its founding as a republic in 509 BC following the overthrow of the monarchy, through the Punic Wars with Carthage and the rise and fall of Hannibal in the Second Punic War, to the eventual decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. It discusses the class system in Rome, the structure of the republican government, and key events like the Twelve Tables codifying Roman law and the three Punic Wars that established Rome as the dominant power in the Mediterranean.

1. The Roman Republic

3. 509 B.C. Rome becomes a republic . 264 B.C. The First Punic War with Carthage begins . 218 B.C. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal invades Italy . 44 B.C. Conspirators kill Julius Caesar . A.D. 284 Diocletian, who will divide the Roman Empire, becomes emperor. A.D. 476 Western Roman Empire falls with the ouster of the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus . 500 B.C.

7. Rome’s growth and decline over the years.

14. Tarquin the Proud equals Grand Moff Tarkin?! Some speculate so (but probably a coincidence).

32. They weren’t all that far apart.

33. Note the artificial harbor. A remarkable achievement.

34. Then Now Warship harbor Merchant harbor

35. The warship island. A warship slip

38. Carthage’s areas of influence before the First Punic War.

60. The Battle of Trebia is an example.

65. Hannibal counting the rings of defeated Roman elites that he sent back to Carthage as proof of his victory.

75. Scipio on coin and as bronze bust.