Front line and community-based Policing is a high knowledge-based activity. Exploiting organisational knowledge in dynamic front line policing activity key to improving productivity. Productivity and effectiveness can be improved by pushing information to front line officers which is: - Relevant to their role - Relevant to their location - Relevant in time Our solutions Help Patrol Officers understand their environment and take action. We do this without significant cost and complexity.

1. Situational Awareness and
Proactive Policing
A Perspective and Proposition
October 2013
© 2013 Workware Systems Ltd.
This Document Contains Proprietary & Commercial-in-Confidence Information.

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A Comparative Perspective
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1960s: Random Patrol, Rapid Response,
Reactive Investigation. Enabled through
reliable, low-cost, two-way radio
1980’s Neighbourhood &
Community Policing
Emphasis on underlying
causes of crime
2000’s Intelligence-led Policing
Adoption of the UK National
Intelligence Model
2013+ Proactive Policing
Enabled through technology and an iterative
approach to learning and adaptive action.
Fiscal Austerity means policing needs to be
more productive and more effective
Policing Models Systems Support
Paper based recording, card indexes,
local knowledge key to policing
The rise of the desk-based
integrated system – the RMS
Silo systems only supporting specific
business process; e.g. crime reporting
Mobile data capture, connected officer,
federated search from mobile devices.
Geo-spatial and context awareness.
Intelligent Information Push.

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Current Position
• Police Forces are information rich but
access is selective and on demand, with
no intelligent push of relevant information
whilst on officers are on patrol
– multiple systems storing data for retrieval
and analysis
• Greater efficiency in managing police data
– the golden nominal, reuse across business
processes, etc.
• Mobile data capture widespread
– mainly through point apps designed for
specific business process
• Widespread use of mobile devices,
BlackBerry and ToughBooks, for federated
search of systems
 Awareness of need to move forward
– austerity policing challenges continue
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Limitations of Current Position
 Large, static systems built for desktop
 Good for supporting information “pull”
 Good for developing support for out-of-office
data capture – either by point apps or desktop
mobilisation
 Good for providing rich sources of data for desk
based analysis
 Not built for mobile from the ground up
 Not designed for data “push” to front line
 Not designed for front line analytics
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What is the Challenge?
• Front Line and Community Policing, is a
high knowledge-based activity
• Exploiting organisational knowledge in
dynamic operational policing activity is key
to improving officer productivity
• New technology needs to connect real-time
analysis, information-led policing, and best
policing practices to the officer on patrol
• Productivity and effectiveness can be
improved by pushing information to front
line officers which is:
– Relevant to their role
– Relevant to their location
– Relevant in time
• Helps them to understand their
environment and take action
• Deploy without complexity
• Deliver without significant cost
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Operational Policing is an Information-driven enterprise
Faster Access to Knowledge is a Force Multiplier for Patrol Officers
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What Do We Know?
Fast, Accessible Knowledge Accelerates
A Police Officer’s Effectiveness
Data Becomes a Burden
to IT Infrastructure
PoliceForce’sEffectivenessand
SpeedofResponsetoIncidents

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Who Can We Learn From?
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 Strong technology
 High analytical capability
 Challenged HUMINT
collection environment
Intelligence Agencies Commerce
 Works hard to understand
data and predict demand

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What Can We Exploit?
• Web 2.0 technology
– dynamic, adaptive, open services and
standards, manage huge amounts of
data
• Explosion of affordable Mobile Devices
• Increasing ubiquity and capability of
wireless networks
– public and private, 3G, 4G, etc.
• Cloud services
– cheap, easy to access,
reduced internal support costs
• Big Data
– generated by new, connected
“things” and content
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A Moment of Reflection
• Patrol Officers need better access to knowledge
• Austerity challenge pushing forces to achieve
greater productivity and effectiveness
• Police mobility still very limited – “pull”
information and data capture driven
• Front line is high knowledge-based activity
• Challenge is to exploit new technologies and
understanding of what works elsewhere to
deliver new capability to policing
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And a Question:
If you believe in the notion of “the right information, to
the right person, at the right time”
Then the question is…
If the only way of getting information is by
“pulling” it from systems…
How are we expected to know what the right
information is at the right time?
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What is the New Paradigm?
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Proactive and Predictive
Policing
Response Policing
Neighbourhood PolicingTotal
Situational
Awareness
And Action-Response
Sector-based policing model
Predominately Information Push
Geospatial and context aware
Focus on vulnerable people, domestic
violence, community knowledge
Complex Adaptive System policing model
Predominately analysis & prediction
Data discovery and fusion
Focus on predictive and proactive
operational outcomes
Incident-based, selective information
Mix of Information Push and Pull
Provides knowledge before arrival at event
Focus on optimising response to incident
and overall officer efficiency
Situational Awareness and Predictive Policing

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The Neighbourhood Policing perspective aggregates and pushes geospatially and
contextually relevant and important information to the officer on patrol
Usability
Awareness
Access
Information Filtered By Role,
Location, and Context
InformationPUSH
Neighbourhood Policing Perspective

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Response Policing perspective pushes real time and relevant information to the
officers while they respond to a specific incident. Real time collaboration with
other officers and interrogation of all data sources put maximum information
awareness in the hands of officers as they respond to incidents
Usability
Awareness
Access
Specific, Relevant Incident Information
is Pushed to Officers While They Respond
Officers Can Request Deep and Broad
Information in Transit or On Scene
Information
PUSH
Information
PULL
Response Policing Perspective

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Proactive and Predictive policing can play a major role in making officers more
effective (“sweating the assets”, so to speak). Effective use of all police and non-
police information, coupled with a robust analytical capability, can offer operational
police officers cogent tools
Usability
Awareness
Access
Link Analysis
Geospatial Analysis
Anomaly Detection
Non-Obvious Relationship Analysis
(NORA)
Decision Support &
Aide-Memoires
Discovery & Prediction
Proactive and Predictive Policing Perspective
Resource Allocation
Forecasting

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So Imagine This…
Envision a PC walking along a busy street, notification is pushed to her
that a warrant is outstanding at the red brick house on the corner. The
adjacent block of flats has a known violent offender and a recent
domestic abuse victim. At the house on the opposite side of the road
lives a vulnerable repeat victim of crime.
Local crime hot spots are displayed on her device and predictive analysis
guides her through historical incidents and statistically plausible future
events. With a single tap, she can open a map, search for persons of
interest, drill down on incidents, and add to a shared community
knowledge base.
Later that morning, she scans a detained person’s face and the suspect’s
previous encounters and sketchy relationships are shown on an easy to
understand link diagram.
In addition to the geospatial and contextual dimensions of the PC’s job,
there are notifications and reminders of her unfinished cases and tasks.
Her in progress cases can be quickly recalled or assigned to other
colleagues.
The entire PC’s shift becomes an intelligent collection of activities and
knowledge that are captured, stored, indexed, and made available to
the rest of the policing community.
THIS CAN BE DELIVERED NOW – IT CAN TRANSFORM POLICING
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A Situational Awareness Narrative for 2013

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The Solution
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RMS Structured Data,
Command and Control,
Forensics, Data
Warehouse, etc.
WorkwareOne
Common Resilient
Data Repository
Unstructured
Data from a
Huge Variety
of Data Sources,
Made Searchable
Proactive Policing Perspective
utilises data from a variety of
sources, not only RMS and CAD
Typically, community knowledge,
criminal intelligence, PND,
commercial databases, etc.
Unstructured and structured data
become searchable and actionable
Data are “flattened”
and all objects are
made searchable
and associated via
POLE link analysis
Predictive analysis
model made simple
and actionable

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Analytical Tool Framework
• WorkwareOne™ has a plug-in analytical capability allowing many options
for analysis both using tools inherent in the platform or third-party add-
ons
• Platform resident tools include:
– Link analysis
– Geospatial mapping and analysis
– Discriminate analysis
– Anomaly detection
– Non-obvious relationship analysis
– Search and association
– Text mining
– Learning algorithms
– Neural networks
• We seek to make operational officers more efficient through faster access
to knowledge, better resource allocation through prediction, and real time
feedback based on officer location, activity and response outcomes
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Why Use Mobile Tablets?
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Best Way to Federate Knowledge
On Demand, Anywhere
Easy to Understand Geospatial
Awareness and Incident Mapping
Increased Speed of Access to
Operational Police Knowledge
A tablet knows where you
are and what you are doing
A tablet has the ability to
filter data based on role,
context, and location
A tablet’s platform
infrastructure allows officers to
collaborate and share
knowledge and tactical
information

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Summary Points
• Workware Systems delivering capability based on
most current technology proven in other
deployments
• Exploiting rich data in forces to provide situational
awareness and predictive policing at point of
greatest need – front line officers in any role
• Goal – improve productivity and effectiveness by
pushing data relevant to role, location and time
plus offering predictive support – what might
happen here and now
• Entirely different proposition from process-specific
data capture apps or pull data search apps
• Much easier and more efficient than mobile desktop
• Next generation capability – changing the
expectations about what is possible
• Low cost economic model – open source, no license
fees, shared code base ownership and close
collaboration with partners and customers
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 info@workwaresystems.com
 www.workwaresystems.com