Deguzmanpresentationprogramming

> A switch, case, select or inspect statement is a type of selection
control mechanism that exists in most imperative programming
languages such as Pascal, Ada, C/C++, C#, Java, and so on. It is
also included in several other types of languages. Its purpose is to
allow the value of a variable or expression to control the flow of
program execution via a multiway branch (or "goto", one of
several labels).

The Main Reason using switch case :
> To improve clarity, by reducing otherwise repetitive coding,
and (if the heuristics permit) also offering the potential for faster
execution through easier compiler optimization in many cases.

http://eglobiotraining.com/

1. The If – else Statement

>The if statement allows the programmer to make
decisions within a program.
> The general format of an if statement is:
If (expression)
statement
-Where expression represents a relational, equality, or
logical expression ( conditional expression) .

http://eglobiotraining.com
/

If statement (two alternatives)
Form:
If (condition) Note: if condition evaluates to true, then statement is
statement; executed and statement is skipped; otherwise, statement is
else skipped and statement is executed
statement;

If statement (One-Alternatives)
Form:
If (condition) Note: if condition evaluates to true, then statement is
statement; executed and statement is skipped

Format of the if statement
- All if statement examples in this text indent statements. The word else
Is typed without indention on a separate line. The format of the if statement
makes its meaning apparent and is used solely to improve program readability;
The format makes no difference to the computer


 If we know how to write a C expression that is
equivalent of a question such as “Is resting the value
of expression to select a course of action. In C, the
statement is the primary selection control structure

 Me: it’s hard to write c expression. So, I just copy and
paste it into internet.

 A programming language is an artificial language
designed to communicate instructions to a machine,
particularly a computer. Programming languages can
be used to create programs that control the behavior
of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.


 1. Open Dev C++
 2. Click File and choose New
 3. Post your Statements
 4. after you post your statement
 5. Save it .choose file and save or
 6. click f9 or you can see it shaped like a
square


The below program uses a switch statement to validate and select
upon the users input choice, simulating a simple menu of choices.

Link: http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/languages/c/programming-
bbrown/c_028.htm


When it compiles and run, this will be it looks like .
The C expression that was type it on Dev C++
The words are “enter in two number  24”


Example of Switch
Case Statement , you
Will see the statement
on the link that you see
in this slide.

Link:

http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials/
cpp/cpp_switch_case/index.php http://eglobiotraining.com/

After I compile it and run it, the statement is now like this. As you
Can see after you answer the 1st question the next question appear
And after you finish all the question the box will disappear. It means
finish.


Function and target of
Programming language :
A computer programming
language is a language. used
to write computer programs,
which involve
a computer performing some
kind of
computation or algorithm and
possibly control external
devices such as printers , disk
drives , robots, and so on.

Link:

http://www.morrowland.com/ap
ron/tutorials/cpp/cpp_if_else/ind
ex.php

When the statement is done it will look like this.
I got this from the URL . The URL was posted on the previous
slide


Did You Know?
The first programming
languages predate the modern
computer. The 19th century
saw the invention of
"programmable" looms and pl
ayer piano scrolls, both of
which implemented examples
of domain-specific
languages.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/66k51h7a(v=vs.80).aspx

Did You Know ?
All programming languages have some primitive building blocks for the
description of data and the processes or transformations applied to them(like the
addition of two numbers or the selection of an item from a collection). These
primitives are defined by syntactic and semantic rules which describe their
structure and meaning respectively.


Link:

http://www.cfanatic.com/topic4267/


Looping Statements
> Loops execute a block of code a specified
number of times, or while a specified condition
is true.
> in PHP, the following looping statements are
used:

*The while Loop
* The Do… While Loop
* The For Loop
*The Foreach Loop
*Break and continue statement
http://www.slideshare.net/ilakkiya/looping-statement

While structure is another type of loop statements,
where the condition is checked at first, the iteration
will not stop even if the value changes while executing
statements.

Form:
While(condition)
{
code to be executed;
}



> Do while statement is same as the while
statement , the only difference is that it
evaluates the expression at the end.
Form:
do
{
code to be executed;
}
while (condition):


> The for loop is used when you know in advance how
many times the script should run.
> Be for statement takes three expressions inside its
parentheses seperated by semi-colons. When the
for loop executes, the following occurs:
> The initializing expression is executed. This expression
usually initializes oneor more loop counter, but the
syntax allow expression any degree of complexity.
> The condition expression is evaluated. Of the value of
condition is true, the loop statements execute. If the
value of condition is false, the for loop terminates.



Form:

for {initialization; condition:
increment )
{
code to be executed
}



 For Each structure is a loop structure used
for arrays

Form:
foreach(array as value)
{
code to be executed
}

Foreach (array as key => value)
{
code to be executed
}


> Break ends the execution of the for, for
each, while, do-while or switch
statement.

Form:
* Break ( optional numeric argument)



> “Continue” is used to skip the current loop
iteration and continue with the next iteration of
the loop. But “Break” is to exit from the whole
loop.

Form:
* Break ( optional numeric argument)



http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials/cpp/cpp_for_loop/in
dex.php

The for
loop


http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials/cpp/cpp_for_loop/ind
ex.php


http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials/cpp/cpp_do_while_
loop/index.php

Do while
loop


http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/c-plus-plus/looping-in-c.html

While loop


http://cprogramminglanguage.net/c-break-continue-statements.aspx

Break and
continue


http://www.w3schools.com/php/php_looping_for.asp

Foreach loop


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_statem
ent
http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials
/cpp/cpp_switch_case/index.php

http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/languages/c/program
ming-bbrown/c_028.htm


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