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SAE
           –
The Core Network for LTE
      Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Fritze M.Sc.
       Customer Solution Manager
         Ericsson Austria GmbH
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        2   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        3   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
From GSM to LTE
                          Radio Network       Core Network                      Release


                               LTE                                                Ph 1, 2

                                                                                  Ph 2+, R97
                           WCDMA R99
                                                        SAE
                             HSDPA                                                R99
                                               GPRS (PS)
                               EUL
                                                                                  R5
                             eHSPA
                                                                                  R6
                            GSM (CS)
                           GPRS (PS)             GSM (CS)                         R7
                            EDGE (PS)
                                                                                  R8

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                   4   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
LTE/SAE Visions

            LTE/SAE shall further enhance the 3GPP community
            competitiveness and cost efficiency with respect to mobile
            and fixed services, providing data rates beyond 100 Mbps

            LTE/SAE shall be suited for refarming of e.g., the GSM
            bands and deployments in upcoming allocations

            LTE/SAE shall utilize common technologies for different
            modes, e.g., FDD, TDD, in different frequency bands, with
            different bandwidths

            The ecosystem for 3G shall be expanded, giving high
            volumes and vendor competition in ONE common
            equipment and applications market for both LTE/SAE and
            3G




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                 5            SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Broadband growth
    > 1.8 billion subscriptions 2012
                                                     2100


                                                     1800


                                                     1500                                                                          Mobile
                          Subscriptions (Millions)




                                                                                                                                   Broadband

                                                     1200


                                                     900
                                                                                                                                   Fixed
                                                     600
                                                                                                                                   Broadband


                                                     300


                                                       0
                                                        2005   2006   2007   2008   2009        2010        2011            2012

      Source: OVUM, Strategy Analytics & Internal Ericsson


                                                            Broadband becomes personal
© Ericsson Austria GmbH                                                 6                  SAE - The Core Network for LTE             2008-04-10
Integration with other accesses
  2G/3G/LTE and WLAN                             .




             A main new area introduced in SAE is the integration with
             other access types for fixed and nomadic usage such as
             Fixed Broadband, WLAN at home, WLAN hot spots and
             WiMAX
                   –      Session mobility between 2G/3G/LTE and other access types
                   –      Roaming using other access types



               Strong growth of
               WLAN enabled
               2G/3G handsets




                                                                                          Source: Strategy Analytics

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                      7           SAE - The Core Network for LTE                 2008-04-10
LTE/SAE Concepts

            Flat 2-node architecture for optimized payload path
            Excellent scalability
            High level of security
            Simple QoS model
            Low delays
            Efficient radio
            Flexible spectrum utilization
            Cost efficient deployment




© Ericsson Austria GmbH          8         SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Driving forces for LTE/SAE

           Performance
               – Higher peak rates
               – Higher bandwidth
               – Low delay/latency


           Cost efficiency
               –    Low cost per bit
               –    Low OPEX
               –    Simpler operation
               –    Cost-effective migration


           Spectrum flexibility
               – New and existing bands
               – Flexible bandwidth
               – Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                        9   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
3GPP LTE Performance Targets

            High data rates
                   – Downlink: >100 Mbps
                   – Uplink: >50 Mbps
                   – Cell-edge data rates
                     2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6
            Low delay/latency
                   – User plane RTT: <10 ms
                   – Channel set-up: <100 ms
            High spectral efficiency
                   – Targeting 3 x HSPA Rel. 6
            High Performance
            Broadcast services
            Cost-effective migration


          Focus on services from the packet-switched domain !
© Ericsson Austria GmbH                     10   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Network evolution
   Opportunities for LTE
                      GSM          WCDMA       HSPA                             eHSPA




                                                                                    LTE




                                                                                    CDMA
                            CDMA           EV-DO
                                                                                    Rev C




               LTE supports a multitude of implementation scenarios
© Ericsson Austria GmbH               11           SAE - The Core Network for LTE           2008-04-10
3GPP bands for LTE FDD & TDD
                                  FDD                                                            TDD
      Band         ”Identifier”       Frequencies (MHz)     Band         ”Identifier”                  Frequencies (MHz)
      I            IMT Core Band      1920-1980/2110-2170   a            TDD 2000                      1900-1920
                                                                                                       2010-2025
      II           PCS 1900           1850-1910/1930-1990
                                                            b            TDD 1900                      1850-1910
      III          GSM 1800           1710-1785/1805-1880
                                                                                                       1930-1990
      IV           AWS (US & other)   1710-1755/2110-2155   c            PCS                           (1915)1910-1930
      V            850                824-849/869-894                    Center Gap

      VI           850 (Japan)        830-840/875-885       d            IMT Extension                 2570-2620
                                                                         Center Gap
      VII          IMT Extension      2500-2570/2620-2690
      VIII         GSM 900            880-915/925-960
      IX           1700 (Japan)       1750-1785/1845-1880

      X            3G Americas        1710-1770/2110-2170




                          Wide range of bands enables global support
© Ericsson Austria GmbH                          12             SAE - The Core Network for LTE            2008-04-10
Additional bands proposed to be
    specified in 3GPP

            450-470 MHz
            698-806 MHz for US
            part of 698-862 MHz for CEPT and others
            3400-3800 MHz



    In bold to be specified in a near time schedule

© Ericsson Austria GmbH     13        SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
LTE Standardization timeline


                          2004               2005             2006                    2007              2008
                                                LTE

                                                                         L1

                                                                            L2

                                                                            L3

                                                                      Perf requirements

                                                                          UE conf test specs


                            Technical studies
                            Specifications

                            Technically stable specifications (>80% complete)




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                               14               SAE - The Core Network for LTE    2008-04-10
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        15   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
What is LTE and SAE?
                                                                                                   CS networks
                          2G              Core Network

                                                      Circuit Core
                          3G

                                                  User mgmt                          IMS domain
                    LTE
                                               Packet core


                          Non-3GPP                                                                ”IP networks”


                               Teminology
                               LTE = Long Term Evolution (also known as eUTRAN)
                               SAE = System Architecture Evolution
                                     (3GPP technical study item defining EPC)
                               EPC = Evolved Packet Core
                               EPS = Evolved Packet System incl EPC, LTE and terminals




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                          16              SAE - The Core Network for LTE     2008-04-10
EPS (LTE/SAE) Architecture

                                                       The EPS architecture is made up of an
                               Internet,               EPC (Packet Core Network) and an
                          Operator Service etc.        eUTRAN Radio Access Network

                                                       The CN provides access to external
                                 EPC                   packet IP networks and performs a
                                                       number of CN related functions (e.g.
                                                       QoS, security, mobility and terminal
                                                       context management) for idle
                                                       (camped) and active terminals
                             eUTRAN
                                                       The RAN performs all radio interface
                                                       related functions for terminals in active
                                                       mode
                   EPS Terminals

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           17     SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
eUTRAN (LTE) interfaces

                                   MME/UPE                                          Evolved
                                                                                    Packet
                                                                                    Core


                                   S1        S1    S1

                                                                                    Evolved
                                                                                    UTRAN

                              X2                  X2

                    eNode B         eNode B                 eNode B
 MME: Mobility Management Entity
 UPE: User Plane Entity

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                 18         SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
EPS Architecture

                                                                        IP networks
                                 HLR/HSS         PCRF



                                  Gr    S6a                                    SGi
                                                       S7

                                                                 S4    SAE GW
                                                                       (PDN GW and
                                           S3                    S11
                                                                        Serving GW)
                                SGSN                  MME
                                                                                                                 S2a/b/c

                                                        S10

                           Gb          Iu CP    S12

                                                                       S1 CP   S1 UP



                          BSC             RNC
                                                                         eNode B
                          BTS            Node B

                          2G               3G                              LTE                            Non-3GPP access



© Ericsson Austria GmbH                                     19                  SAE - The Core Network for LTE             2008-04-10
EPS Functionality Distribution
            The Enhanced Node B (eNB) hosts the following functions:
                   –      Radio Resource Management
                                  Radio Bearer Control
                                  Radio Admission Control
                                  Connection Mobility Control
                                  Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink
                                  (scheduling)
                   –      IP header compression and encryption of user data stream
                   –      Selection of an MME at UE attachment
                   –      Routing of User Plane data towards SAE Gateway
                   –      Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and
                          scheduling

            The MME hosts the following functions
                   –      Distribution of paging messages to the eNBs
                   –      Security control
                   –      Idle state mobility control
                   –      SAE bearer control
                   –      Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling.

            The SAE Gateway hosts the following functions:
                   –      Termination of U-plane packets
                   –      Switching of U-plane for support of UE mobility
© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           20             SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        21   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
LTE and SAE architecture
  Optimized for performance and cost efficiency


                                                        IP networks
                   User Management and IMS -                                              Policy Control and Charging –
                   enhancements of 3GPP R7                                                enhancements of 3GPP R7



                          2G/3G
                                                        SAE GW                                             Other
                                           MME
                                                                                                           access

                                                                    Optimized UP                        Interconnection of
                                                                    path for LTE                        other access
                                                                                                        technologies using
  User traffic and signaling separation in       Signaling         User traffic
                                                                                                        Mobile IP
  core network enabling
    Network topology flexibility
    Independent UP/CP scalability                       eNodeB
    Efficient migration
    Independent load sharing schemes
    Reuse of equipment -> reduced CAPEX                      LTE
    Common management for LTE                                                                       MME = ”Mobility Management Entity”
    and 2G/3G       reduced OPEX                                                                    eNodeB = the LTE base station

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                          22                    SAE - The Core Network for LTE              2008-04-10
3G Direct Tunnel
    Packet Core network optimization for HSPA

            ”Direct Tunnel” support added
            for 3G payload optimization             HLR/HSS                                   IP networks
            Cost efficient scaling for                Gr

            Mobile Broadband                                                                           SGi

            deployments
            Increased flexibility in terms                                           Gn

                                                                                                  GGSN
            of network topology
                                                       SGSN
            Allows the SGSN node to be
            optimized for control plane        Gb                Iu CP     Iu UP

            Specifications part of 3GPP
            rel-7
                                             BSC                       RNC
            Designed for operation in
            legacy (GGSN/UTRAN)              BTS                     Node B
            networks
            First step towards the SAE       2G                       3G
            architecture
© Ericsson Austria GmbH              23             SAE - The Core Network for LTE        2008-04-10
3G Direct Tunnel – concept
    Direct connect between RNC and GGSN

                                          SGSN         Two
                                                      Tunnels (Iu+Gn)
                   RNC    Iu                                                     GGSN
                                                 Gn


                          Iu-Cp
                                  Iu-Up

                                                      3G Direct Tunnel tunnel

                                                                                          Legend:
                                                                                        GTP User plane
                                                                                        GTP signalling
                                                                                        RANAP signalling


© Ericsson Austria GmbH                   24           SAE - The Core Network for LTE           2008-04-10
SAE architecture 3GPP operator
    Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP accesses


                                                                       IP networks
                                                                                          S7
                                                                                                                      PCRF

                               HSS
                                                                         SGi

                               HLR
                                                S6a
                                                                        SAE GW
                               Gr
                                                                         PDN GW

                                                                         S5
                                      S4

                                                              S11        Serv GW
                           SGSN
                                           S3
                                                      MME                                          • Common GW for all accesses
                                                                                                   • Core network pooling for LTE
                                                        S10
                                                                                                     access
                          Gb        Iu-C        S12                                                • Policy control also supporting LTE
                                                                S1-C      S1-U                     • Diameter for LTE user
                                                                                                     management
                                                                                                   • Smooth interworking 2G/3G – LTE
              2G                      3G                            LTE
                                                                                                   • 3G Direct Tunnel for HSPA


© Ericsson Austria GmbH                                        25                    SAE - The Core Network for LTE      2008-04-10
SAE architecture 3GPP2 operator
    Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP2 accesses

                    Ta*      HSS
         AAA                                                         IP networks
                             AAA                  S6a

    IS-835                       S6c                                                   Ty/S7a
                                                                                                     PCRF

                                                                       SGi

          HA
                                                                       SAE GW
                                                                                               S7
                                                                       PDN GW
              IS-835                                          S2a
                                                                              S5 IETF, (GTP)
                                    S103
                                                                                               S7c
                                                                       Serv GW
                                                              S11
                            PDSN
                                             MME
                            HSGW

                                   P-P                  S10                                          • Migration to 3GPP SAE architecture
                                                                                                     • Legacy CDMA terminal support in
             A10/A11             A10/A11   S101               S1-C         S1-U
                                                                                                       CDMA PDSN and HA
                          S102
                                                                                                     • Smooth interworking 2G/3G - LTE
                                                                                                     • Diameter for SAE user management
              1xRTT                 EV-DO                            LTE                             • Core network pooling for LTE access
                                                                                                     • Policy control for both CDMA and LTE

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                                         26                    SAE - The Core Network for LTE      2008-04-10
SAE architecture other accesses
    Detailed view, non-roaming case
                                                       IP networks
                                                                          S7
                                                                                                              PCRF
                                 Wx*
                                                                                                              S7a
                          HSS             AAA
                                                                             Wm*

                                                         SGi
                                                                                                        S2a
   ”Legacy” 3GPP2                                        SAE GW
                                                 S6c                   S2b
   access networks
                                                         PDN GW                ePDG
    ”Legacy” 3GPP                                        S5
    access networks
                                                         Serv GW
            LTE
                                                                      S2c
                                                                               Wn*
   • Common GW for all accesses
   • Generic support for any non-3GPP access
                                                                                           Wa*    Ta*
     (e.g. WLAN, Fixed)
   • Session Mobility using Mobile IP, both
     network and host based                                                                              Trusted
   • Policy control supported for non-3GPP                                  Non-trusted
     accesses
   • Access authentication for non-3GPP
     accesses using AAA mechanisms
   • Security support for non-trusted accesses

© Ericsson Austria GmbH                          27                  SAE - The Core Network for LTE                 2008-04-10
Policy & Charging Control
  Extending today’s model

                                                                             Online Charging using 3GPP Gy interface
                                                                             (subset of Ro) (Volume, Time, Event charging)
                          Sp                  IP networks
                    SPR        PCRF



                                                     SGi
                                      S7/Gx

                                                              Gy
                                                                            OCS
                                              SAE GW
                                                              Gz                              Vendor specific
                                                                           CDR                                               Billing
                                                                          mediation                                          System
      Online Policy Control
      • Subscriber, Device and
        access aware handling                                      Offline Charging with 3GPP based CDR’s
      • Bearer control (Accept / Reject,                           (assumed to be based on eG-CDR’s)
        QoS control)
      • Service Data Flow control
        (Allow/disallow, QoS control)                       Service Awareness




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                         28                 SAE - The Core Network for LTE               2008-04-10
SAE Roaming support
    Extending today’s successful model
                                       IP networks                                             IP networks
                                                 SGi                                                      SGi

                                            SAE GW                                                  SAE GW
                                                                                                                       S7
                                                                                                                             hPCRF
    Home                                    PDN GW                                                  PDN GW
    PLMN
                                                                                                                                S9

                                            S8                                                      S8
   Visited                                                                            SGi

   PLMN                                                           IP networks               PDN
                                            SAE GW                                                   SAE GW             S7
                                                                                                                             vPCRF
                                                                                            GW
                                            Serv GW                                             Serv GW




                                                       Other                                                        Other
             2G/3G                           LTE                    2G/3G                           LTE
                                                       accesses                                                     accesses

       • Basic case: home tunnelling                                 • Advanced case: both home tunnelling and
       • Smooth upgrade to support LTE and                             local breakout possible
         other accesses                                              • Roaming controlled by home network policies
       • Support for 3 operator model                                • PCRF-to-PCRF roaming interface
       • GTP and MIP options for roaming                             • GTP and MIP options for roaming
Note: HSS and AAA excluded for simplicity

 © Ericsson Austria GmbH                                  29       SAE - The Core Network for LTE               2008-04-10
SAE impact on IMS
  Overview
            LTE is a packet only access, no CS                  IMS domain                             I-CSCF         S-CSCF
                   –      optimized for IP based services,
                          including telephony (MMTel)
                   –      HO to CS voice being specified                        P-CSCF           SIP
                          (single-radio VCC)                                                            IP networks
                                                                                       Rx+
            The Packet core evolution is largely
            transparent to IMS
                   –      including Multi Access mobility and
                          LTE support
                                                                                  PCRF

            ... but new accesses added
                   –      impact services with access
                          awareness                                                                    SGi
                                                                                           S7
                   –      enhancement of PCRF functionality
                          and Rx for new accesses
                                                                                                       SAE GW
            Local usage of IP services when roaming
                   –      PCRF-PCRF roaming interface

            Emergency call prioritization and
            Location services



© Ericsson Austria GmbH                             30          SAE - The Core Network for LTE           2008-04-10
SAE standardization
  Large global effort

            Participation from the whole telecom industry
                   – More than 20,000 LTE/SAE contributions for 2007
            Companies with more than 50 contributions for
            LTE/SAE
                   – Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, Samsung, Qualcomm,
                     NokiaSiemensNetworks, NTT DoCoMo, LG Electronics,
                     Alcatel-Lucent, Nortel, NEC, Huawei, Panasonic, Siemens,
                     CATT, Vodafone, ZTE Corporation, Texas Instruments, IP
                     Wireless, Huawei, Orange, Mitsubishi, Marvell, T-Mobile,
                     ETRI, Fujitsu, Intel, Telecom Italia, Sharp, China Mobile,
                     KDDI, Philips, InterDigital, AT&T, Freescale, Starent, Cisco,
                     Nextwave, Verizon Wireless



© Ericsson Austria GmbH                  31          SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
SAE standardization
  Timeline Jan 2008

              2004                2005                    2006             2007                         2008                2009
                          AIPN         TR 22.978
Stage 1                              AIPN
                                                                          TS 22.278
                                         TS 22.258

                                                                           TR 23.882
Stage 2                                            TS 23.401
                                                   TS 23.402
                                                           TR 24.801
Stage 3                                                    TR 29.803
                                                           TR 29.804


                             Technical studies
                             Specifications
                             Technically stable specifications (>80% complete)




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                              32                SAE - The Core Network for LTE          2008-04-10
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        33   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Deployment example of LTE
    with GERAN/UTRAN

           Packet Data Networks
                 (Internet)                                                                  3GPP Rel-7 specifies the
                           Gi                                                                feature called “3G Direct
                                                        Control Interface                    Tunnel” where the user
                     GGSN
                   GGSN/SAE GW
                      GGSN
                   GGSN/SAE GW                          User Data Interface
                                                                                             plane goes direct between
                          Gn                                                                 RNC and GGSN
                           SGSN
                          SGSN/MME                                                           3GPP Rel-8 specifies an
                            SGSN
                          SGSN/MME
                                                                                             SAE GW and an MME.
           Gb                                                                                SW upgrade of the GGSN
                          Iu up/S12         Iu/Gn-UP                                         gives the SAE GW
                                            (Rel-7 3G
                                            Direct
                                                                                             functionality and the MME
      BSC
      BSC                             RNC
                                      RNC   Tunnel)                                          functionality in the SGSN
                                                               S1-U
                                            S1-C                                             LTE capable eNode Bs
                                 Iub
                                                                                             are introduced
      BTS
      BTS                       Node B
                                Node B              eNode B
                                                    eNode B
    GERAN                        UTRAN                      LTE
© Ericsson Austria GmbH                            34                   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
3GPP Evolved Packet Core
    Smooth / Architecture evolution

                                                                         User plane
                                                               4         optimization


                                                 Introduction
                                             3   of LTE/SAE


                                 Boosting the
                             2   packet capacity


                  Mobile BB
        1         introduction



© Ericsson Austria GmbH                 35           SAE - The Core Network for LTE     2008-04-10
3GPP Evolved Packet Core
        1) Mobile broadband introduction
         Mobile broadband       Boosting the                      Introduction                            User plane
    1                       2                                 3                                       4
         introduction           packet capacity                   of LTE/SAE                              optimization




            Service Aware Charging and Control
            HSPA supported by SW upgrades                                                      Charging,
                                                                                              Policy Control
            Pooling & All-IP                                                                       IMS
                                                       SGSN               GGSN
                                                       Pool

                                    RNC                                                                    IP networks




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           36                 SAE - The Core Network for LTE              2008-04-10
3GPP Evolved Packet Core
        2) Boosting the packet capacity
         Mobile broadband       Boosting the                      Introduction                            User plane
    1                       2                                 3                                       4
         introduction           packet capacity                   of LTE/SAE                              optimization




           3G Direct Tunnel
           MBMS
           HSPA evolution
                                                       SGSN                                           BM-SC
                                                                          GGSN
                                                       Pool

                                    RNC                                                                       IP networks


                                                         Payload path 3GDT




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           37                 SAE - The Core Network for LTE              2008-04-10
3GPP Evolved Packet Core
        3) Introduction of LTE/SAE
         Mobile broadband       Boosting the                     Introduction                            User plane
    1                       2                                3                                       4
         introduction           packet capacity                  of LTE/SAE                              optimization




            LTE RAN boosts capabilities
            GGSN      access-generic ”Gateway”                                                                Charging,
                                                                                                            Policy Control,
            SGSN     ”Mobility server”                                                                           IMS

            LTE interworking with 2G/3G                                               GGSN/Gateway
            and non-3GPP accesses                                                                                  IP networks
                                                         SGSN/ MME Server

                                                       RNC

                                                                                                         Mobile IP


                                                                                                         Non-3GPP access
                                                                                                            e g WLAN




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           38                SAE - The Core Network for LTE              2008-04-10
3GPP Evolved Packet Core
        4) User plane optimization
         Mobile broadband       Boosting the                  Introduction                             User plane
    1                       2                             3                                        4
         introduction           packet capacity               of LTE/SAE                               optimization




          Regional/local IP PoPs
          Centralized servers reduce OPEX
          Optimized IP saves transport, reduces delays
          Synergies with fixed access
                                                               MME Servers and SGSN Pool
                                          IP networks
                                                        Gateway
                                            RNC




                                                                                                             IP networks




© Ericsson Austria GmbH                           39              SAE - The Core Network for LTE              2008-04-10
Agenda

            Basics of LTE
            LTE and SAE
            SAE Architecture
            SAE Introduction
            Summary




© Ericsson Austria GmbH        40   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Summary – the Evolved Packet Core
            LTE/SAE provides spectrum flexibility, reduced TCO
            and high performance for Mobile Broadband networks

            Smooth migration to a flat and optimized 2-node
            architecture
            Cost efficiency, high performance and network
            migration being targeted

            Scalable & Robust

            All IP



© Ericsson Austria GmbH         41        SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
Mobile Broadband
                          Even if started as technical evolution,
                          it has become a business revolution!
© Ericsson Austria GmbH               42       SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10
© Ericsson Austria GmbH   43   SAE - The Core Network for LTE   2008-04-10

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Sae Archetecture

  • 1. SAE – The Core Network for LTE Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Fritze M.Sc. Customer Solution Manager Ericsson Austria GmbH
  • 2. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 2 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 3. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 3 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 4. From GSM to LTE Radio Network Core Network Release LTE Ph 1, 2 Ph 2+, R97 WCDMA R99 SAE HSDPA R99 GPRS (PS) EUL R5 eHSPA R6 GSM (CS) GPRS (PS) GSM (CS) R7 EDGE (PS) R8 © Ericsson Austria GmbH 4 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 5. LTE/SAE Visions LTE/SAE shall further enhance the 3GPP community competitiveness and cost efficiency with respect to mobile and fixed services, providing data rates beyond 100 Mbps LTE/SAE shall be suited for refarming of e.g., the GSM bands and deployments in upcoming allocations LTE/SAE shall utilize common technologies for different modes, e.g., FDD, TDD, in different frequency bands, with different bandwidths The ecosystem for 3G shall be expanded, giving high volumes and vendor competition in ONE common equipment and applications market for both LTE/SAE and 3G © Ericsson Austria GmbH 5 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 6. Broadband growth > 1.8 billion subscriptions 2012 2100 1800 1500 Mobile Subscriptions (Millions) Broadband 1200 900 Fixed 600 Broadband 300 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Source: OVUM, Strategy Analytics & Internal Ericsson Broadband becomes personal © Ericsson Austria GmbH 6 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 7. Integration with other accesses 2G/3G/LTE and WLAN . A main new area introduced in SAE is the integration with other access types for fixed and nomadic usage such as Fixed Broadband, WLAN at home, WLAN hot spots and WiMAX – Session mobility between 2G/3G/LTE and other access types – Roaming using other access types Strong growth of WLAN enabled 2G/3G handsets Source: Strategy Analytics © Ericsson Austria GmbH 7 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 8. LTE/SAE Concepts Flat 2-node architecture for optimized payload path Excellent scalability High level of security Simple QoS model Low delays Efficient radio Flexible spectrum utilization Cost efficient deployment © Ericsson Austria GmbH 8 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 9. Driving forces for LTE/SAE Performance – Higher peak rates – Higher bandwidth – Low delay/latency Cost efficiency – Low cost per bit – Low OPEX – Simpler operation – Cost-effective migration Spectrum flexibility – New and existing bands – Flexible bandwidth – Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD © Ericsson Austria GmbH 9 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 10. 3GPP LTE Performance Targets High data rates – Downlink: >100 Mbps – Uplink: >50 Mbps – Cell-edge data rates 2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6 Low delay/latency – User plane RTT: <10 ms – Channel set-up: <100 ms High spectral efficiency – Targeting 3 x HSPA Rel. 6 High Performance Broadcast services Cost-effective migration Focus on services from the packet-switched domain ! © Ericsson Austria GmbH 10 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 11. Network evolution Opportunities for LTE GSM WCDMA HSPA eHSPA LTE CDMA CDMA EV-DO Rev C LTE supports a multitude of implementation scenarios © Ericsson Austria GmbH 11 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 12. 3GPP bands for LTE FDD & TDD FDD TDD Band ”Identifier” Frequencies (MHz) Band ”Identifier” Frequencies (MHz) I IMT Core Band 1920-1980/2110-2170 a TDD 2000 1900-1920 2010-2025 II PCS 1900 1850-1910/1930-1990 b TDD 1900 1850-1910 III GSM 1800 1710-1785/1805-1880 1930-1990 IV AWS (US & other) 1710-1755/2110-2155 c PCS (1915)1910-1930 V 850 824-849/869-894 Center Gap VI 850 (Japan) 830-840/875-885 d IMT Extension 2570-2620 Center Gap VII IMT Extension 2500-2570/2620-2690 VIII GSM 900 880-915/925-960 IX 1700 (Japan) 1750-1785/1845-1880 X 3G Americas 1710-1770/2110-2170 Wide range of bands enables global support © Ericsson Austria GmbH 12 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 13. Additional bands proposed to be specified in 3GPP 450-470 MHz 698-806 MHz for US part of 698-862 MHz for CEPT and others 3400-3800 MHz In bold to be specified in a near time schedule © Ericsson Austria GmbH 13 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 14. LTE Standardization timeline 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 LTE L1 L2 L3 Perf requirements UE conf test specs Technical studies Specifications Technically stable specifications (>80% complete) © Ericsson Austria GmbH 14 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 15. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 15 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 16. What is LTE and SAE? CS networks 2G Core Network Circuit Core 3G User mgmt IMS domain LTE Packet core Non-3GPP ”IP networks” Teminology LTE = Long Term Evolution (also known as eUTRAN) SAE = System Architecture Evolution (3GPP technical study item defining EPC) EPC = Evolved Packet Core EPS = Evolved Packet System incl EPC, LTE and terminals © Ericsson Austria GmbH 16 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 17. EPS (LTE/SAE) Architecture The EPS architecture is made up of an Internet, EPC (Packet Core Network) and an Operator Service etc. eUTRAN Radio Access Network The CN provides access to external EPC packet IP networks and performs a number of CN related functions (e.g. QoS, security, mobility and terminal context management) for idle (camped) and active terminals eUTRAN The RAN performs all radio interface related functions for terminals in active mode EPS Terminals © Ericsson Austria GmbH 17 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 18. eUTRAN (LTE) interfaces MME/UPE Evolved Packet Core S1 S1 S1 Evolved UTRAN X2 X2 eNode B eNode B eNode B MME: Mobility Management Entity UPE: User Plane Entity © Ericsson Austria GmbH 18 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 19. EPS Architecture IP networks HLR/HSS PCRF Gr S6a SGi S7 S4 SAE GW (PDN GW and S3 S11 Serving GW) SGSN MME S2a/b/c S10 Gb Iu CP S12 S1 CP S1 UP BSC RNC eNode B BTS Node B 2G 3G LTE Non-3GPP access © Ericsson Austria GmbH 19 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 20. EPS Functionality Distribution The Enhanced Node B (eNB) hosts the following functions: – Radio Resource Management Radio Bearer Control Radio Admission Control Connection Mobility Control Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink (scheduling) – IP header compression and encryption of user data stream – Selection of an MME at UE attachment – Routing of User Plane data towards SAE Gateway – Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling The MME hosts the following functions – Distribution of paging messages to the eNBs – Security control – Idle state mobility control – SAE bearer control – Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling. The SAE Gateway hosts the following functions: – Termination of U-plane packets – Switching of U-plane for support of UE mobility © Ericsson Austria GmbH 20 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 21. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 21 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 22. LTE and SAE architecture Optimized for performance and cost efficiency IP networks User Management and IMS - Policy Control and Charging – enhancements of 3GPP R7 enhancements of 3GPP R7 2G/3G SAE GW Other MME access Optimized UP Interconnection of path for LTE other access technologies using User traffic and signaling separation in Signaling User traffic Mobile IP core network enabling Network topology flexibility Independent UP/CP scalability eNodeB Efficient migration Independent load sharing schemes Reuse of equipment -> reduced CAPEX LTE Common management for LTE MME = ”Mobility Management Entity” and 2G/3G reduced OPEX eNodeB = the LTE base station © Ericsson Austria GmbH 22 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 23. 3G Direct Tunnel Packet Core network optimization for HSPA ”Direct Tunnel” support added for 3G payload optimization HLR/HSS IP networks Cost efficient scaling for Gr Mobile Broadband SGi deployments Increased flexibility in terms Gn GGSN of network topology SGSN Allows the SGSN node to be optimized for control plane Gb Iu CP Iu UP Specifications part of 3GPP rel-7 BSC RNC Designed for operation in legacy (GGSN/UTRAN) BTS Node B networks First step towards the SAE 2G 3G architecture © Ericsson Austria GmbH 23 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 24. 3G Direct Tunnel – concept Direct connect between RNC and GGSN SGSN Two Tunnels (Iu+Gn) RNC Iu GGSN Gn Iu-Cp Iu-Up 3G Direct Tunnel tunnel Legend: GTP User plane GTP signalling RANAP signalling © Ericsson Austria GmbH 24 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 25. SAE architecture 3GPP operator Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP accesses IP networks S7 PCRF HSS SGi HLR S6a SAE GW Gr PDN GW S5 S4 S11 Serv GW SGSN S3 MME • Common GW for all accesses • Core network pooling for LTE S10 access Gb Iu-C S12 • Policy control also supporting LTE S1-C S1-U • Diameter for LTE user management • Smooth interworking 2G/3G – LTE 2G 3G LTE • 3G Direct Tunnel for HSPA © Ericsson Austria GmbH 25 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 26. SAE architecture 3GPP2 operator Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP2 accesses Ta* HSS AAA IP networks AAA S6a IS-835 S6c Ty/S7a PCRF SGi HA SAE GW S7 PDN GW IS-835 S2a S5 IETF, (GTP) S103 S7c Serv GW S11 PDSN MME HSGW P-P S10 • Migration to 3GPP SAE architecture • Legacy CDMA terminal support in A10/A11 A10/A11 S101 S1-C S1-U CDMA PDSN and HA S102 • Smooth interworking 2G/3G - LTE • Diameter for SAE user management 1xRTT EV-DO LTE • Core network pooling for LTE access • Policy control for both CDMA and LTE © Ericsson Austria GmbH 26 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 27. SAE architecture other accesses Detailed view, non-roaming case IP networks S7 PCRF Wx* S7a HSS AAA Wm* SGi S2a ”Legacy” 3GPP2 SAE GW S6c S2b access networks PDN GW ePDG ”Legacy” 3GPP S5 access networks Serv GW LTE S2c Wn* • Common GW for all accesses • Generic support for any non-3GPP access Wa* Ta* (e.g. WLAN, Fixed) • Session Mobility using Mobile IP, both network and host based Trusted • Policy control supported for non-3GPP Non-trusted accesses • Access authentication for non-3GPP accesses using AAA mechanisms • Security support for non-trusted accesses © Ericsson Austria GmbH 27 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 28. Policy & Charging Control Extending today’s model Online Charging using 3GPP Gy interface (subset of Ro) (Volume, Time, Event charging) Sp IP networks SPR PCRF SGi S7/Gx Gy OCS SAE GW Gz Vendor specific CDR Billing mediation System Online Policy Control • Subscriber, Device and access aware handling Offline Charging with 3GPP based CDR’s • Bearer control (Accept / Reject, (assumed to be based on eG-CDR’s) QoS control) • Service Data Flow control (Allow/disallow, QoS control) Service Awareness © Ericsson Austria GmbH 28 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 29. SAE Roaming support Extending today’s successful model IP networks IP networks SGi SGi SAE GW SAE GW S7 hPCRF Home PDN GW PDN GW PLMN S9 S8 S8 Visited SGi PLMN IP networks PDN SAE GW SAE GW S7 vPCRF GW Serv GW Serv GW Other Other 2G/3G LTE 2G/3G LTE accesses accesses • Basic case: home tunnelling • Advanced case: both home tunnelling and • Smooth upgrade to support LTE and local breakout possible other accesses • Roaming controlled by home network policies • Support for 3 operator model • PCRF-to-PCRF roaming interface • GTP and MIP options for roaming • GTP and MIP options for roaming Note: HSS and AAA excluded for simplicity © Ericsson Austria GmbH 29 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 30. SAE impact on IMS Overview LTE is a packet only access, no CS IMS domain I-CSCF S-CSCF – optimized for IP based services, including telephony (MMTel) – HO to CS voice being specified P-CSCF SIP (single-radio VCC) IP networks Rx+ The Packet core evolution is largely transparent to IMS – including Multi Access mobility and LTE support PCRF ... but new accesses added – impact services with access awareness SGi S7 – enhancement of PCRF functionality and Rx for new accesses SAE GW Local usage of IP services when roaming – PCRF-PCRF roaming interface Emergency call prioritization and Location services © Ericsson Austria GmbH 30 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 31. SAE standardization Large global effort Participation from the whole telecom industry – More than 20,000 LTE/SAE contributions for 2007 Companies with more than 50 contributions for LTE/SAE – Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, Samsung, Qualcomm, NokiaSiemensNetworks, NTT DoCoMo, LG Electronics, Alcatel-Lucent, Nortel, NEC, Huawei, Panasonic, Siemens, CATT, Vodafone, ZTE Corporation, Texas Instruments, IP Wireless, Huawei, Orange, Mitsubishi, Marvell, T-Mobile, ETRI, Fujitsu, Intel, Telecom Italia, Sharp, China Mobile, KDDI, Philips, InterDigital, AT&T, Freescale, Starent, Cisco, Nextwave, Verizon Wireless © Ericsson Austria GmbH 31 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 32. SAE standardization Timeline Jan 2008 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 AIPN TR 22.978 Stage 1 AIPN TS 22.278 TS 22.258 TR 23.882 Stage 2 TS 23.401 TS 23.402 TR 24.801 Stage 3 TR 29.803 TR 29.804 Technical studies Specifications Technically stable specifications (>80% complete) © Ericsson Austria GmbH 32 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 33. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 33 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 34. Deployment example of LTE with GERAN/UTRAN Packet Data Networks (Internet) 3GPP Rel-7 specifies the Gi feature called “3G Direct Control Interface Tunnel” where the user GGSN GGSN/SAE GW GGSN GGSN/SAE GW User Data Interface plane goes direct between Gn RNC and GGSN SGSN SGSN/MME 3GPP Rel-8 specifies an SGSN SGSN/MME SAE GW and an MME. Gb SW upgrade of the GGSN Iu up/S12 Iu/Gn-UP gives the SAE GW (Rel-7 3G Direct functionality and the MME BSC BSC RNC RNC Tunnel) functionality in the SGSN S1-U S1-C LTE capable eNode Bs Iub are introduced BTS BTS Node B Node B eNode B eNode B GERAN UTRAN LTE © Ericsson Austria GmbH 34 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 35. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core Smooth / Architecture evolution User plane 4 optimization Introduction 3 of LTE/SAE Boosting the 2 packet capacity Mobile BB 1 introduction © Ericsson Austria GmbH 35 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 36. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core 1) Mobile broadband introduction Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane 1 2 3 4 introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization Service Aware Charging and Control HSPA supported by SW upgrades Charging, Policy Control Pooling & All-IP IMS SGSN GGSN Pool RNC IP networks © Ericsson Austria GmbH 36 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 37. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core 2) Boosting the packet capacity Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane 1 2 3 4 introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization 3G Direct Tunnel MBMS HSPA evolution SGSN BM-SC GGSN Pool RNC IP networks Payload path 3GDT © Ericsson Austria GmbH 37 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 38. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core 3) Introduction of LTE/SAE Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane 1 2 3 4 introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization LTE RAN boosts capabilities GGSN access-generic ”Gateway” Charging, Policy Control, SGSN ”Mobility server” IMS LTE interworking with 2G/3G GGSN/Gateway and non-3GPP accesses IP networks SGSN/ MME Server RNC Mobile IP Non-3GPP access e g WLAN © Ericsson Austria GmbH 38 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 39. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core 4) User plane optimization Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane 1 2 3 4 introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization Regional/local IP PoPs Centralized servers reduce OPEX Optimized IP saves transport, reduces delays Synergies with fixed access MME Servers and SGSN Pool IP networks Gateway RNC IP networks © Ericsson Austria GmbH 39 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 40. Agenda Basics of LTE LTE and SAE SAE Architecture SAE Introduction Summary © Ericsson Austria GmbH 40 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 41. Summary – the Evolved Packet Core LTE/SAE provides spectrum flexibility, reduced TCO and high performance for Mobile Broadband networks Smooth migration to a flat and optimized 2-node architecture Cost efficiency, high performance and network migration being targeted Scalable & Robust All IP © Ericsson Austria GmbH 41 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 42. Mobile Broadband Even if started as technical evolution, it has become a business revolution! © Ericsson Austria GmbH 42 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
  • 43. © Ericsson Austria GmbH 43 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10