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Sae Archetecture
- 1. SAE
–
The Core Network for LTE
Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Fritze M.Sc.
Customer Solution Manager
Ericsson Austria GmbH
- 2. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 2 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 3. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 3 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 4. From GSM to LTE
Radio Network Core Network Release
LTE Ph 1, 2
Ph 2+, R97
WCDMA R99
SAE
HSDPA R99
GPRS (PS)
EUL
R5
eHSPA
R6
GSM (CS)
GPRS (PS) GSM (CS) R7
EDGE (PS)
R8
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 4 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 5. LTE/SAE Visions
LTE/SAE shall further enhance the 3GPP community
competitiveness and cost efficiency with respect to mobile
and fixed services, providing data rates beyond 100 Mbps
LTE/SAE shall be suited for refarming of e.g., the GSM
bands and deployments in upcoming allocations
LTE/SAE shall utilize common technologies for different
modes, e.g., FDD, TDD, in different frequency bands, with
different bandwidths
The ecosystem for 3G shall be expanded, giving high
volumes and vendor competition in ONE common
equipment and applications market for both LTE/SAE and
3G
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 5 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 6. Broadband growth
> 1.8 billion subscriptions 2012
2100
1800
1500 Mobile
Subscriptions (Millions)
Broadband
1200
900
Fixed
600
Broadband
300
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: OVUM, Strategy Analytics & Internal Ericsson
Broadband becomes personal
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 6 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 7. Integration with other accesses
2G/3G/LTE and WLAN .
A main new area introduced in SAE is the integration with
other access types for fixed and nomadic usage such as
Fixed Broadband, WLAN at home, WLAN hot spots and
WiMAX
– Session mobility between 2G/3G/LTE and other access types
– Roaming using other access types
Strong growth of
WLAN enabled
2G/3G handsets
Source: Strategy Analytics
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 7 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 8. LTE/SAE Concepts
Flat 2-node architecture for optimized payload path
Excellent scalability
High level of security
Simple QoS model
Low delays
Efficient radio
Flexible spectrum utilization
Cost efficient deployment
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 8 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 9. Driving forces for LTE/SAE
Performance
– Higher peak rates
– Higher bandwidth
– Low delay/latency
Cost efficiency
– Low cost per bit
– Low OPEX
– Simpler operation
– Cost-effective migration
Spectrum flexibility
– New and existing bands
– Flexible bandwidth
– Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 9 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 10. 3GPP LTE Performance Targets
High data rates
– Downlink: >100 Mbps
– Uplink: >50 Mbps
– Cell-edge data rates
2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6
Low delay/latency
– User plane RTT: <10 ms
– Channel set-up: <100 ms
High spectral efficiency
– Targeting 3 x HSPA Rel. 6
High Performance
Broadcast services
Cost-effective migration
Focus on services from the packet-switched domain !
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 10 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 11. Network evolution
Opportunities for LTE
GSM WCDMA HSPA eHSPA
LTE
CDMA
CDMA EV-DO
Rev C
LTE supports a multitude of implementation scenarios
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 11 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 12. 3GPP bands for LTE FDD & TDD
FDD TDD
Band ”Identifier” Frequencies (MHz) Band ”Identifier” Frequencies (MHz)
I IMT Core Band 1920-1980/2110-2170 a TDD 2000 1900-1920
2010-2025
II PCS 1900 1850-1910/1930-1990
b TDD 1900 1850-1910
III GSM 1800 1710-1785/1805-1880
1930-1990
IV AWS (US & other) 1710-1755/2110-2155 c PCS (1915)1910-1930
V 850 824-849/869-894 Center Gap
VI 850 (Japan) 830-840/875-885 d IMT Extension 2570-2620
Center Gap
VII IMT Extension 2500-2570/2620-2690
VIII GSM 900 880-915/925-960
IX 1700 (Japan) 1750-1785/1845-1880
X 3G Americas 1710-1770/2110-2170
Wide range of bands enables global support
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 12 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 13. Additional bands proposed to be
specified in 3GPP
450-470 MHz
698-806 MHz for US
part of 698-862 MHz for CEPT and others
3400-3800 MHz
In bold to be specified in a near time schedule
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 13 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 14. LTE Standardization timeline
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
LTE
L1
L2
L3
Perf requirements
UE conf test specs
Technical studies
Specifications
Technically stable specifications (>80% complete)
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 14 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 15. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 15 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 16. What is LTE and SAE?
CS networks
2G Core Network
Circuit Core
3G
User mgmt IMS domain
LTE
Packet core
Non-3GPP ”IP networks”
Teminology
LTE = Long Term Evolution (also known as eUTRAN)
SAE = System Architecture Evolution
(3GPP technical study item defining EPC)
EPC = Evolved Packet Core
EPS = Evolved Packet System incl EPC, LTE and terminals
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 16 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 17. EPS (LTE/SAE) Architecture
The EPS architecture is made up of an
Internet, EPC (Packet Core Network) and an
Operator Service etc. eUTRAN Radio Access Network
The CN provides access to external
EPC packet IP networks and performs a
number of CN related functions (e.g.
QoS, security, mobility and terminal
context management) for idle
(camped) and active terminals
eUTRAN
The RAN performs all radio interface
related functions for terminals in active
mode
EPS Terminals
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 17 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 18. eUTRAN (LTE) interfaces
MME/UPE Evolved
Packet
Core
S1 S1 S1
Evolved
UTRAN
X2 X2
eNode B eNode B eNode B
MME: Mobility Management Entity
UPE: User Plane Entity
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 18 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 19. EPS Architecture
IP networks
HLR/HSS PCRF
Gr S6a SGi
S7
S4 SAE GW
(PDN GW and
S3 S11
Serving GW)
SGSN MME
S2a/b/c
S10
Gb Iu CP S12
S1 CP S1 UP
BSC RNC
eNode B
BTS Node B
2G 3G LTE Non-3GPP access
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 19 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 20. EPS Functionality Distribution
The Enhanced Node B (eNB) hosts the following functions:
– Radio Resource Management
Radio Bearer Control
Radio Admission Control
Connection Mobility Control
Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink
(scheduling)
– IP header compression and encryption of user data stream
– Selection of an MME at UE attachment
– Routing of User Plane data towards SAE Gateway
– Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and
scheduling
The MME hosts the following functions
– Distribution of paging messages to the eNBs
– Security control
– Idle state mobility control
– SAE bearer control
– Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling.
The SAE Gateway hosts the following functions:
– Termination of U-plane packets
– Switching of U-plane for support of UE mobility
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 20 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 21. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 21 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 22. LTE and SAE architecture
Optimized for performance and cost efficiency
IP networks
User Management and IMS - Policy Control and Charging –
enhancements of 3GPP R7 enhancements of 3GPP R7
2G/3G
SAE GW Other
MME
access
Optimized UP Interconnection of
path for LTE other access
technologies using
User traffic and signaling separation in Signaling User traffic
Mobile IP
core network enabling
Network topology flexibility
Independent UP/CP scalability eNodeB
Efficient migration
Independent load sharing schemes
Reuse of equipment -> reduced CAPEX LTE
Common management for LTE MME = ”Mobility Management Entity”
and 2G/3G reduced OPEX eNodeB = the LTE base station
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 22 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 23. 3G Direct Tunnel
Packet Core network optimization for HSPA
”Direct Tunnel” support added
for 3G payload optimization HLR/HSS IP networks
Cost efficient scaling for Gr
Mobile Broadband SGi
deployments
Increased flexibility in terms Gn
GGSN
of network topology
SGSN
Allows the SGSN node to be
optimized for control plane Gb Iu CP Iu UP
Specifications part of 3GPP
rel-7
BSC RNC
Designed for operation in
legacy (GGSN/UTRAN) BTS Node B
networks
First step towards the SAE 2G 3G
architecture
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 23 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 24. 3G Direct Tunnel – concept
Direct connect between RNC and GGSN
SGSN Two
Tunnels (Iu+Gn)
RNC Iu GGSN
Gn
Iu-Cp
Iu-Up
3G Direct Tunnel tunnel
Legend:
GTP User plane
GTP signalling
RANAP signalling
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 24 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 25. SAE architecture 3GPP operator
Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP accesses
IP networks
S7
PCRF
HSS
SGi
HLR
S6a
SAE GW
Gr
PDN GW
S5
S4
S11 Serv GW
SGSN
S3
MME • Common GW for all accesses
• Core network pooling for LTE
S10
access
Gb Iu-C S12 • Policy control also supporting LTE
S1-C S1-U • Diameter for LTE user
management
• Smooth interworking 2G/3G – LTE
2G 3G LTE
• 3G Direct Tunnel for HSPA
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 25 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 26. SAE architecture 3GPP2 operator
Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP2 accesses
Ta* HSS
AAA IP networks
AAA S6a
IS-835 S6c Ty/S7a
PCRF
SGi
HA
SAE GW
S7
PDN GW
IS-835 S2a
S5 IETF, (GTP)
S103
S7c
Serv GW
S11
PDSN
MME
HSGW
P-P S10 • Migration to 3GPP SAE architecture
• Legacy CDMA terminal support in
A10/A11 A10/A11 S101 S1-C S1-U
CDMA PDSN and HA
S102
• Smooth interworking 2G/3G - LTE
• Diameter for SAE user management
1xRTT EV-DO LTE • Core network pooling for LTE access
• Policy control for both CDMA and LTE
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 26 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 27. SAE architecture other accesses
Detailed view, non-roaming case
IP networks
S7
PCRF
Wx*
S7a
HSS AAA
Wm*
SGi
S2a
”Legacy” 3GPP2 SAE GW
S6c S2b
access networks
PDN GW ePDG
”Legacy” 3GPP S5
access networks
Serv GW
LTE
S2c
Wn*
• Common GW for all accesses
• Generic support for any non-3GPP access
Wa* Ta*
(e.g. WLAN, Fixed)
• Session Mobility using Mobile IP, both
network and host based Trusted
• Policy control supported for non-3GPP Non-trusted
accesses
• Access authentication for non-3GPP
accesses using AAA mechanisms
• Security support for non-trusted accesses
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 27 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 28. Policy & Charging Control
Extending today’s model
Online Charging using 3GPP Gy interface
(subset of Ro) (Volume, Time, Event charging)
Sp IP networks
SPR PCRF
SGi
S7/Gx
Gy
OCS
SAE GW
Gz Vendor specific
CDR Billing
mediation System
Online Policy Control
• Subscriber, Device and
access aware handling Offline Charging with 3GPP based CDR’s
• Bearer control (Accept / Reject, (assumed to be based on eG-CDR’s)
QoS control)
• Service Data Flow control
(Allow/disallow, QoS control) Service Awareness
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 28 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 29. SAE Roaming support
Extending today’s successful model
IP networks IP networks
SGi SGi
SAE GW SAE GW
S7
hPCRF
Home PDN GW PDN GW
PLMN
S9
S8 S8
Visited SGi
PLMN IP networks PDN
SAE GW SAE GW S7
vPCRF
GW
Serv GW Serv GW
Other Other
2G/3G LTE 2G/3G LTE
accesses accesses
• Basic case: home tunnelling • Advanced case: both home tunnelling and
• Smooth upgrade to support LTE and local breakout possible
other accesses • Roaming controlled by home network policies
• Support for 3 operator model • PCRF-to-PCRF roaming interface
• GTP and MIP options for roaming • GTP and MIP options for roaming
Note: HSS and AAA excluded for simplicity
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 29 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 30. SAE impact on IMS
Overview
LTE is a packet only access, no CS IMS domain I-CSCF S-CSCF
– optimized for IP based services,
including telephony (MMTel)
– HO to CS voice being specified P-CSCF SIP
(single-radio VCC) IP networks
Rx+
The Packet core evolution is largely
transparent to IMS
– including Multi Access mobility and
LTE support
PCRF
... but new accesses added
– impact services with access
awareness SGi
S7
– enhancement of PCRF functionality
and Rx for new accesses
SAE GW
Local usage of IP services when roaming
– PCRF-PCRF roaming interface
Emergency call prioritization and
Location services
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 30 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 31. SAE standardization
Large global effort
Participation from the whole telecom industry
– More than 20,000 LTE/SAE contributions for 2007
Companies with more than 50 contributions for
LTE/SAE
– Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, Samsung, Qualcomm,
NokiaSiemensNetworks, NTT DoCoMo, LG Electronics,
Alcatel-Lucent, Nortel, NEC, Huawei, Panasonic, Siemens,
CATT, Vodafone, ZTE Corporation, Texas Instruments, IP
Wireless, Huawei, Orange, Mitsubishi, Marvell, T-Mobile,
ETRI, Fujitsu, Intel, Telecom Italia, Sharp, China Mobile,
KDDI, Philips, InterDigital, AT&T, Freescale, Starent, Cisco,
Nextwave, Verizon Wireless
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 31 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 32. SAE standardization
Timeline Jan 2008
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
AIPN TR 22.978
Stage 1 AIPN
TS 22.278
TS 22.258
TR 23.882
Stage 2 TS 23.401
TS 23.402
TR 24.801
Stage 3 TR 29.803
TR 29.804
Technical studies
Specifications
Technically stable specifications (>80% complete)
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 32 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 33. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 33 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 34. Deployment example of LTE
with GERAN/UTRAN
Packet Data Networks
(Internet) 3GPP Rel-7 specifies the
Gi feature called “3G Direct
Control Interface Tunnel” where the user
GGSN
GGSN/SAE GW
GGSN
GGSN/SAE GW User Data Interface
plane goes direct between
Gn RNC and GGSN
SGSN
SGSN/MME 3GPP Rel-8 specifies an
SGSN
SGSN/MME
SAE GW and an MME.
Gb SW upgrade of the GGSN
Iu up/S12 Iu/Gn-UP gives the SAE GW
(Rel-7 3G
Direct
functionality and the MME
BSC
BSC RNC
RNC Tunnel) functionality in the SGSN
S1-U
S1-C LTE capable eNode Bs
Iub
are introduced
BTS
BTS Node B
Node B eNode B
eNode B
GERAN UTRAN LTE
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 34 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 35. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core
Smooth / Architecture evolution
User plane
4 optimization
Introduction
3 of LTE/SAE
Boosting the
2 packet capacity
Mobile BB
1 introduction
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 35 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 36. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core
1) Mobile broadband introduction
Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane
1 2 3 4
introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization
Service Aware Charging and Control
HSPA supported by SW upgrades Charging,
Policy Control
Pooling & All-IP IMS
SGSN GGSN
Pool
RNC IP networks
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 36 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 37. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core
2) Boosting the packet capacity
Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane
1 2 3 4
introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization
3G Direct Tunnel
MBMS
HSPA evolution
SGSN BM-SC
GGSN
Pool
RNC IP networks
Payload path 3GDT
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 37 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 38. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core
3) Introduction of LTE/SAE
Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane
1 2 3 4
introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization
LTE RAN boosts capabilities
GGSN access-generic ”Gateway” Charging,
Policy Control,
SGSN ”Mobility server” IMS
LTE interworking with 2G/3G GGSN/Gateway
and non-3GPP accesses IP networks
SGSN/ MME Server
RNC
Mobile IP
Non-3GPP access
e g WLAN
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 38 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 39. 3GPP Evolved Packet Core
4) User plane optimization
Mobile broadband Boosting the Introduction User plane
1 2 3 4
introduction packet capacity of LTE/SAE optimization
Regional/local IP PoPs
Centralized servers reduce OPEX
Optimized IP saves transport, reduces delays
Synergies with fixed access
MME Servers and SGSN Pool
IP networks
Gateway
RNC
IP networks
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 39 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 40. Agenda
Basics of LTE
LTE and SAE
SAE Architecture
SAE Introduction
Summary
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 40 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 41. Summary – the Evolved Packet Core
LTE/SAE provides spectrum flexibility, reduced TCO
and high performance for Mobile Broadband networks
Smooth migration to a flat and optimized 2-node
architecture
Cost efficiency, high performance and network
migration being targeted
Scalable & Robust
All IP
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 41 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10
- 42. Mobile Broadband
Even if started as technical evolution,
it has become a business revolution!
© Ericsson Austria GmbH 42 SAE - The Core Network for LTE 2008-04-10