1. Optimised Voice & Data
Applications for
Transportation Systems
using TETRA
Mr. Ignacio Callen
VP, Sales & Marketing
TELTRONIC

2. Contents
1. TETRA ADVANTAGES
2. TETRA NETWORK MODEL
3. BUSES AND TRAMS - OPTI MISING AVL
TMB BARCELONA BUSES NETWORK CASE
4. PORT TANJUNG PELEPAS NETWORK CASE
5. METRO AND RAILWAY APPLICATION MODEL
TETRA IN AUTOMATED METRO
SOME REFERENCES
6. RAILWAY MODEL
7. CONCLUSIONS

3. TETRA: Advantages
Open standard (several suppliers of terminals)
Security: Encryption and authentication
Ethernet/IP Connectivity
Enhanced Data Transmission Capabilities =>
Allow to implement ITS applications & voice
using the same network
Simultaneous voice and data support
Full duplex communications: hands free
Benefits for Surface transport: built-in GPS for
AVL
Worldwide implemented in Transport and
Public Safety

4. Buses & Trams – Optimising AVL

5. •Half duplex and full duplex call with Control Centre
Driver &
•Direct connection with PABX & PSTN.
Maintenance
•Voice Communications between maintenance personal
Voice Services
and Control Centre & Depots.
Vehicle •Status Messages (i.e. start of route indication)
Sensors •Short Data Message (i.e. sporadic bus data interrogation
ONE Transmission – Fuel level)
ONE
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY • Key Requirement: buses sending its position (GPS) on a
FOR ALL
FOR ALL Localisation periodic basic.
SERVICES
SERVICES Data (AVL) •If not handle correctly can affect to the others service of
PROVIDING the system.
PROVIDING
COST
COST Passenger • Controlled by the Control Centre for give information to
OPTMISATION.
OPTMISATION. informative passengers (i.e. bus stations)
panels • Suitable for Short Data Messages
• Emergency pedals or buttons enabling silent ambience
Security call from Control Centre.
Systems • Alarm triggers allowing communications between
passengers and Control Centre.

6. Network DEPOTS
Bus / on board systems WIFI Zona
Red Ethernet Franca Ponent
SAE SAM I ROND ROND
A DEL
A DEL
MIG MIG
GPS CPU
Gateway CAN Bus
A
A ND AL
ND AL RO OR
SPV RO OR
T LI
T
SC-WiFi LI
Lutxana
Billing CPU Wifi Link
Wi-Fi Router Horta
DE
A
DE ND T
A
ND T RO DAL
SIC GPRS Triangle RO DAL
SC-Radio
External Info Panels
CPU TETRA FONT FOTOGRAFIA: BARCELONA
REGIONAL, S.A.
SIU
PA system TFT SEV
CPU Video
BUSES COMMAND CENTRE
TSC
PA
Bus link BX Sun
FEP
Depot link
PD SER
TETRA NETWORK H VER
Sun
SwM
Ges I
Control Centre Link
to

7. TETRA
On-board equipment GPS
Antenna Antenna
Control unit
Bus
TETRA MS engine,
driver’s Telemetry speed,
MMI PEI sensors doors...
Bus driver’s
audio system
Audio control
- PTT
interface Billing
- Emergency
button system
-Call request
- Driver Login Passenger data
information
Hands-free system PANEL Other
audio kit
Ambience peripheral
listening s
microphon
e
Handset

8. On-board equipment
Bus
system
Control interface
unit
TETR
A
radio
Passenger
information
system
Micro
speaker &
hands-free
Driver’s MMI mic
console

9. Buses & Trams – Optimising AVL
• Automatic regulation – Efficiency mostly
depends on the refreshment periods which
can be achieved
• Old analogue systems – Control of radio
channels (PTT-CD signals) by AVL
Applications
• TETRA = TDMA. How to overcome the gap
between the AVL Application and TETRA
transport layers?

10. Synchronous Data Manager – How it works
• Optimised polling
– Polling avoids random access collisions – 100% channel uplink v. 37%
under normal circumstances
– Synchronous access is achieved by sending a status message asking
for “slot granting”. 20-byte data is sent with the ACK reply to this status
message
• Multiple secondary control channels (SCCH)/base station
- increases capacity
• Synchronisation of control channels
• Definition of new commands – to manage sequential & cyclical polling lists
• SDM is based on the controlled use of a portion of the control channel to
avoid the “avalanche” of random access radio collisions

11. TMB, Barcelona Buses

12. TMB, Barcelona Buses
• Migration from analogue PMR to TETRA
• Innovation, applications, coverage
• SDM/AVL server application integrated to SAE business model
software:
• Each SBS – 20 bytes/bus at a rate of 24 buses/second
• Not just data, needs to integrate with voice comms.
• Control Centre integration via VoIP
• TETRA Dispatcher Protocol (TDP -SIP format–).- Interface with
TETRA infrastructure
• On-board, AT commands are used over radio’s PEI (Peripheral
Equipment Interface)
• System integrates buses (special units) and management hand-
portables

13. PTP Port Tanjung Pelepas, Malaysia

14. NAVIS-TETRA Gateway
Voice (1)
Instruction (2)
Confirmation (2)
SPARCS
Radio Server
TOS GPS(3)
Instruction (2)
Voice (1)
Confirmation(2)
GPS data
Real time
Location (3) MDT-400
TETRA
Gateway
POSH
TETRA
BASE

15. NAVIS-TETRA Workflow

16. Functional Overview
– TETRA Gateway Server Application
• Maintain connection with SPARCS Radio Server
• Receiving XMLRDT message through the connection with SPARCS Radio
Server
• Encapsulate the XMLRDT message and then transmit SDS to MDT-400
using N2A.
( If encapsulated data is over max SDS size, it divide encapsulation data
to send)
• Receiving the SDS from NEBULA with N2A
• Recode the transmitted data or log
– TETRA Terminal(MDT-400)
• Shows received SDS message from XMLRDT server
• Confirm the received message and send back confirm message

17. Metro and Railway Application Model

18. TETRA Network Model
SBS 1 SBS 2 SBS n-1 SBS n
…
ASYNCHRONOUS BACKBONE
Central ISDN
Switch
API
ATC System
Management IP Network
System
Analog Radio
Radio Network
Dispatchers Dispatching
Centre

19. Typical requirements in Metro and Railway:
• Full and half duplex calls (private and group)
• Built-in emergency button
• Status and short data
• Operational console integrated into the driving dashboard
• Interaction with the Passenger Information System
• Interaction with the Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS).
• Integration of TETRA and analog communications
• Railways – Fulfilling of ETCS Requirements

20. Functions:
• Voice calls to and from the Dispatching Centre
• Public addressing and ambience listening
• Emergency braking activation
• Fire extinguishers activation
• Train switch on / switch off
• Update of the information panels
• Discreete location (beacons)
• Update of the TCMS parameters

21. On Board Subsystems:
MMI Console
Communications rack
To the train control
system (TCMS)
Display Teclado Input/Output Lines
Antivandálico CPU
MVB Connection (TCN
Network)
Maintenance
LED CPU VHF TETRA
Indicators Auxiliary Analog Radio TETRA Antenna
Buttons Radio
VHF Antenna
AUDIO INTERFACE To passenger
Hands free information system
Handset system (addressing)
To redundant rack and console

22. Typical configuration
(2 Racks & 2 consoles, up to 200 meters between both
systems)
MMI MMI
Console Console
Train Control System
Communications Rack Communications Rack
(TETRA + VHF) (TETRA + VHF)

23. On Board Subsystems:
High customisation is required to adapt to:
- Different train manufacturers
(CAF, Alstom, Siemens, Ansaldobreda, Bombardier, …).
- Differente power supply voltages and signalling
(+110v DC, +72v DC, +24v DC).
- Different operational requirements
- Higher MTBF figures
- Space available for rack mounting
- Several types of interfaces to TCMS (MVB, Ethernet,
RS-485, …)
- Customized on-board subsystem

24. Barcelona Subway, Line 9 (Spain)
The Barcelona Underground Line 9 is the largest
underground line in whole Europe:
• 46.6 Km.
• 51 stations
• 90 millions passengers per year

25. Barcelona Subway, Line 9 (Spain)

26. TETRA in Automated Metros
• Security
• Exploitation
• Maintenance
• Can act as an emergency backup of
the Automatic Train Control (ATC)
system

27. Application Model
ds
TETRA Network
m an
C om
Commands
On Board TETRA
Subsystem Control Centre
TCMS

28. SDS TL based Protocol
TETRA
SDS TL Service
Application - Control

29. SDS TL based Protocol
PROTOCOL ID = C0H (ETSI registered)
TYPE OF MESSAGE ACK SS ST
MESSAGE REFERENCE (counter)
TEXT SCHEME = 01H (8-bit latin alphabet)
PROPIETARY APPLICATION CODE
COMMAND
TRAIN NUMBER / TYPE OF TRAIN
COMMAND PARAMETERS

30. Security Commands
TYPES OF COMMANDS
EMERGENCY BRAKING
BYPASS OF BRAKE / TRACTION LOOP
PUBLIC ADDRESSING MESSAGE
DISABLE SERVICE BRAKE
FIRE DETECTION / FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
ACTIVATION
DETECT ALARM HANDLE UNATTENDED
DOORS OPEN / CLOSE

31. Exploitation Commands
TYPES OF COMMANDS
TRAIN SWITCH ON / SWITCH OFF
TRAIN BIRTH (Number and Type of Train, Driver)
EXTERNAL / INTERNAL PANELS CONTENT
LIGHTS / MUSIC / VIDEO / CLIMATIZATION
TCMS CONFIGURATION/ DRIVING MODE
TRAIN LOCATION (SBS or BEACONS)
VOICE GROUP CHANGE (SBS or BEACONS)

32. Maintenance Commands
TYPES OF COMMANDS
DIAGNOSIS / REQUEST / SENDING ALARMS
TRAIN TIME SETUP
PANTOGRAPH UP / DOWN
NEUMATIC SUSPENSION DISABLE / ENABLE
VOLTAGE INTERRUPTOR
REMOTE SOFTWARE DOWNLOADING (circuit data)
ATP SYSTEM RESET

33. Example: Start-up Sequence with TL_REPORT
CCC RADIO
Start Up
TCMS TL_REPORT
Start Up
Accepted
TL_REPORT
Initiated
Initiated
TL_REPORT
Train Switched On
Train Switched On
TL_REPORT
CCC = Command & Control Centre
TCMS = Train Control & Monitoring System

34. Example: Start-up Sequence without TL_REPORT
CCC RADIO
Start Up
TCMS
Start Up
Accepted
Initiated
Initiated
Train Switched On
Train Switched On
CCC = Command & Control Centre
TCMS = Train Control & Monitoring System

35. Railway model

36. TETRA Rail Forum
At the end of 2006, the TETRA association (TETRA MoU)
created the TETRA Rail Forum
The goal is to analyse the railways requirements and decide
whether the TETRA’s successful Metro model can be used for
this industry or not
Outside Europe TETRA is already a serious alternative to
GSM-R; although there are also technological reasons the
main one is economical => TETRA requires half the base
stations than GSM-R for the same coverage area
Next Steps for the TETRA Rail Forum:
– Understand the railway industry requirements
– Define the additional supplementary services that might be
needed
– Analyse the set of safety standards to be accomplished
– Define a roadmap of TETRA for railways applications

37. Main ETSI Standards of applications in railways
Safety related electronic systems for signalling (EN 50129)
Software safety (EN 50128)
Key Concepts
– Safety Case (SC): 6 documents
– Safety Integrity Level (SIL): from 1 to 4 (*)
– 10-9 < SIL 4 < 10-8
– 10-8 < SIL 3 < 10-7
– 10-7 < SIL 2 < 10-6
– 10-6 < SIL 1 < 10-5
TETRA industry has started to apply for SIL certifications according to
Safety Cases
(*) THR (Tolerable Hazard Rates)

38. TETRA vs. GSM-R
TETRA achieves or improve the voice requirements of
Railways systems (i.e. Call setup < 300 ms)
TETRA improve the current data rate (i.e. 19200 bps packet
data rate)
TETRA works in 380-470 Mhz, requiring half the base stations
(cost effective)
TETRA doubles the frequency efficiency (4 channels in 25
Khz)
TETRA has proven working at 574.8 km/h (ALSTOM, France,
2007)

39. Russian Railways, Moscow-St.Petersburg

40. Some TETRA References: Metro and Railway
RUSSIAN RAILWAY – Moscow-St.Petersburg Line, Russia
SIEMENS – Santiago Metro, Chile
SIEMENS – Alger Metro, Algiers
SUPERVIA – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
THALES - Buenavista-Cuautitlán Line, Mexico D.F., Mexico
ALSTOM – Line 12 Metro, Mexico D.F, Mexico
T-SYSTEMS – Nuremberg Metro, Germany
LISBON PUBLIC TRAMS – Portugal
TAIPEI METRO - Taiwan
BARCELONA UNDERGROUND – Line 9, Spain
SAMPOL - Metro de Mallorca, Spain
CAF, ANSALDOBREDA, - Metro de Madrid, Spain
METRO MADRID – Línea 2, Spain
EFACEC-IKUSI – Tenerife Light Trains, Spain

41. Conclusions
Professional Mobile Radio is dominant in transport today
TETRA is the most implemented technology
TETRA has proven to be the most adequate and cost
effective technology for AVL, providing efficient voice and
data communications with one communications system
TETRA is suitable to support exploitation in Metros (Manual
or Automated)
TETRA allows to remotely controls the trains, providing
enhanced security, efficiency and cost effectiveness
The new challenge for TETRA industry regarding transport
industry is to be adequate to be the future replacement of
GSM-R systems in Europe and the chosen technology in the
new implementations outside Europe

42. Thank You
Ignacio Callen
licallen@teltronic.es