2. Objectives
2.01 Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission
of new states to the Union.
2.02 Describe how the growth of nationalism and sectionalism
were reflected in art, literature, and language.
2.03 Distinguish between the economic and social issues that led to
sectionalism and nationalism.
2.04 Assess political events, issues, and personalities that
contributed to sectionalism and nationalism.
2.05 Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their
effectiveness.
2.06 Evaluate the role of religion in the debate over slavery and
other social movements and issues.

3. POTUS No. 5:
James Monroe,
1816-1824 in
co-starring John Quincy Adams as Sec State

4. The Election of 1816

5. The Election of 1820

6. The West & the NW: 1818-1824

7. The Convention of 1818

8. Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

9. The American System
Henry Clay,  North: Tariff of 1816
“The Great Compromiser”
and Second Bank of
US
 West: roads and
canals at fed expense
 South: ???

10. Missouri Compromise, 1820

11. The Monroe Doctrine, 1823
“… the American
continents, by the
free and independent
condition which they
have assumed and
maintain, are
henceforth not to be
considered as
subjects for future
colonization by any
European powers …”

12. The Election of 1824:
The “Corrupt Bargain”

13. The Election of 1824:
The “Corrupt Bargain”
Popular Electoral
Candidate
Vote Vote
Andrew Jackson 43% 99
J.Q. Adams 31% 32
William Crawford 13% 41
Henry Clay 13% 37

14. POTUS No. 6:
John Q Adams,
1825-1829 in
co-starring
Henry Clay
as Sec State

15. Democratic-Republican Split
Jackson & Van Buren:  Dems (1828)
Adams, Clay, Webster:  Natl Reps (1828)
 Whigs (1832)  Reps (1854)

17. Opposition to JQA
• Control by elites?
• Constitutionality of economic development?
• National university
• Astronomical observatory
• Naval academy
• Strong president = threat to ind. liberties?

18. “Tariff of Abomination”
Tariff of 1816  textiles
Tariff of 1824  iron goods
Tariff of 1828  raw materials (wool and hemp)
• Supported by Jacksonians to gain votes
from farmers in NY, OH, KY.
• South = against

19. House votes for “Tariff of Abominations”

20. 1828 Election
Jackson campaign managed by
Sen. Martin Van Buren (NY)
• Re-created Dem Party from
old Jefferson coalition:
farmers, artisans, planters
• Nat’l committee over local
party units
• Mass meetings, parades,
picnics
• Political mudslinging

21. Campaigning “on the stump”

22. Voting Requirements in Early 19c

23. Voter
Turnout:
1820 - 1860

24. Rachel Jackson, polygamist?
Final Divorce Decree

25. Jackson in
Mourning for
His Wife

26. 1828 Election Results

27. POTUS No. 7:
Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837
Champion of the Common Man or King Andrew?

30. Jackson as Satan Dangles the Spoils
of Victory over his Supporters

31. Abominations Nullification Crisis
“ … gallows ought to be
the fate of all such
ambitious men who
would involve their
country in civil wars …”

32. The Cherokee Nation
After 1820

33. Indian Removal

34. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

35. Second Bank of the US
• “Soft” money • “Hard” money
(paper) (specie)
• Federal power • State power
Nicholas
Biddle

36. “ … you have used the funds of the bank to speculate in the
breadstuffs of the country. When you won, you divided the
profits amongst you, and when you lost, you charged it to the
bank.
You tell me that if I take the deposits from the bank and annul its
charter I shall ruin ten thousand families. That may be true,
gentlemen, but that is your sin! Should I let you go on, you will
ruin fifty thousand families, and that would be my sin!
You are a den of vipers and thieves. I
have determined to rout you out, and
by the Eternal, I will rout you out!”

37. The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

41. 1832 Election Key Issues
WHIGS DEMOCRATS
• Less concern for rich/poor gap • Rich/poor gap = !!!
• Opposed “liberal capitalism”  • Bankers and business-
chaos class = corrupt abuse of
connections
• Strong fed gov  direct
economy • Pro-states’ rights, Laissez-
faire
• Anti-Indian removal
• Pro-Indian removal
• Pro-tariffs
• Anti-tariffs
• Pro-US Bank
• Anti-US Bank

42. 1832 Election Results

43. 1836
Election

44. Photo of Andrew
Jackson in 1844
(one year before death)
Final Recorded Words:
“Oh, do not cry. Be good children, and we
shall all meet in Heaven... I want to meet
you all, white and black, in Heaven.”
1767 - 1845

45. starring POTUS No. 8:
Martin Van Buren,
1837-1841

47. Van Buren Taking the Blame for
Jackson's Monetary Policies

48. Election of 1840
William Henry John Tyler
Harrison
Whig Challengers:
“Tippecanoe, and Tyler, Too!”

49. “Log Cabin & Hard Cider”

50. A Harrison Bandana

51. “Log Cabin” Campaign Pin, 1840

53. “Stop That Barrel”

54. 1840 Election Results

55. POTUS No. 9:
William Henry
Harrison,
Mar 4 - Apr 4, 1841

56. POTUS No. 10:
John Tyler, 1841-1845
His Accidency