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Goal 5: Becoming an Industrial Society (1877-1900) Populism
4.03 Describe the causes and effects of the financial difficulties that plagued the American farmer and trace the rise and decline of Populism.
5.04:  Describe the changing role of government in economic and political affairs.
What were some of the major problems facing farmers during the Gilded Age ??
The Silver Issue ,[object Object]
Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)
The US Treasury must purchase$4.5 mil. oz. of silver a month.
Govt. deposited most silver in theUS Treasury rather than circulation.,[object Object]
Price Indexes for Consumer & Farm Products:  1865-1913
Founder of the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry (1867)
The Grange Movement ,[object Object]
Set up cooperative associations.
Social and educational components.
Succeeded in lobbying for “Granger Laws.”
Rapidly declined by the late 1870s.,[object Object]
The Farmers Alliances ,[object Object]
Built upon the ashes of the Grange.
More political and less social than the Grange.
Ran candidates for office.
Controlled 8 state legislatures & had 47representatives in Congress during the 1890s.,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Populist (Peoples’) Party ,[object Object]
Got almost 1 million popularvotes.
Several Congressional seatswon.James B. Weaver, Presidential Candidate &James G. Field, VP
Omaha Platform of 1892 Abolition of the National Bank. Direct election of Senators. Govt. ownership of RRs, telephone & telegraph companies. Government-operated postal savings banks. Restriction of undesirable immigration. 8-hour work day for government employees. Abolition of the Pinkerton detective agency. Australian secret ballot. Re-monitization of silver. A single term for President & Vice President.
1892 Election
Bi-Metallism Issue
The Panic of 1893
Causes of the 1893 Panic ,[object Object],Several major corps. went bankrupt. ,[object Object]
Triggered a stock market crash.Nearly 500 banks closed. By 1895, unemployment reached 3 million. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Written by a Farmer at the End of the 19c When the banker says he's brokeAnd the merchant’s up in smoke,They forget that it's the farmer      who feeds them all.It would put them to the testIf the farmer took a rest;Then they'd know that it's the farmer     feeds them all.
Result of Election Returns ,[object Object]
Democratic party losses in the West werecatastrophic!
But, Republicanswon control of the House.,[object Object]
Gold / Silver Bug Campaign Pins
William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925) The “Great Commoner”
William Jennings Bryan Prairie avenger,     mountain lion, Bryan, Bryan, Bryan,     Bryan, Gigantic troubadour,     speaking like a siege     gun, Smashing Plymouth Rock     with his boulders    from the West. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Bryan: The Farmers Friend(The Mint Ratio) 18,000 miles of campaign “whistle stops.”
Democratic Party Taken Over by the Agrarian Left Platform  tariff reductions;  income tax;  strictercontrol of the trusts (esp. RRs); free silver.
William McKinley (1843-1901)
The Seasoned Politician vs. The “Young” Newcomer
Into Which Box Will the Voterof ’96 Place His Ballot?

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Goal 5 populism