1. Earth’s Interior and
Plate Tectonics
Earth’s
Interior Weathering
Physical
and Plate and Erosion
Evidence Weatheri
Tectonics for Plate ng
What is
Earth’s Tectonics
Chemical
Interior Weatheri
like Transform ng Erosion
Fault
Boundaries
Earthquake
Plate
Convergent
Minerals
Tectonics s and
Plate and Rocks
Boundaries
Volcanoes
Divergent How old
Plate What are Structure are Rocks
Boundaries Earthquake Volcanoes and
s Origin of
Rocks

2. Vocabulary
 Minerals – a
natural, inorganic solid
with a definite
chemical composition
and a characteristic
internal structure.

3. Vocabulary
 Igneous Rock - from
cooled and hardened
magma or lava.

4. Vocabulary
 Weathering – change
in the physical form or
chemical composition
of rock materials
exposed at Earth’s
surface.

5. Vocabulary
 Sedimentary Rock –
rock formed from
compressed or
cemented deposits of
sediments.

6. Vocabulary
 Fossils – the traces of remains of a plant or an animal
found in sedimentary rocks.

7. Vocabulary
 Metamorphic rock – rock formed from other rocks as a
result of heat, pressure, or chemical processes.

8. Igneous Rock
 The faster the rock
cools the less the
crystals grow.

9. Igneous Rock
 Obsidian rocks are
smooth stones
used by early
American Indians
to make tools.
 Their composition
is much like that of
granite.

10. Igneous Rock
 Obsidian becomes
smoother as they
cool much more
quickly.
 Because they cool
more quickly, they
have less or no
crystals.

11. 2 kinds of Igneous Rock

12. 2 kinds of Igneous Rock
 Extrusive igneous
rock cools on
Earth’s surface.

13. 2 kinds of Igneous Rock
 Intrusive igneous
rock forms from
magma that cools
while trapped
beneath Earth’s
surface.
 They are insulated
and cools off
slowly

14. 2 kinds of Igneous Rock
 Because of long
cooling period, the
crystals form.
 Crystals on
intrusive igneous
are larger than
those on extrusive
igneous.

15. Weathering
 Weathering is the process by which rocks are
broken down as follows:
 Pieces of boulders fall down hillsides due to
gravity, wind or rain.
 Rivers carry rocks down into deltas, lakes or
the sea.
 Waves beating against cliffs.

16. Weathering
 Gravity, waves, rivers, wind, etc. break the pieces
into pebbles, sand and even smaller pieces.
 As pieces of rock accumulate, they can form
another type of rock: Sedimentary rock.