011009.Public Ohio Biomass Update Draft.8a

Ohio Biomass Update: Fueling the Hybrid Economy January 2009 David C. Rinehart Edgewater Research PO Box 481 Gambier, Ohio 43022 [email_address] DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

“ Wind, Solar, and …” DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Wind Solar Biomass Political Top 2 (Nationally) Yes Yes No Replace Foreign Oil in OH? No No Yes Statewide Fit (local energy) No Yes Yes 24/7 Electricity No No Yes Heavy Equipment Fuel No No Yes Jet Fuel No No Yes Reduce Existing Waste No No Yes Boost OH GDP YOY? Yes Yes Yes OH “Working Group” Yes Yes No OH Published Supply Chain Yes Yes No

Biomass 1-2-3’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Biomass : Biological (1)Feedstock (2) Converted to (3) Energy & byproducts DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Biomass Science ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Biomass Economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Jobs! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Ohio Biomass - Dave’s Top Ten ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Top Ten1-2-3’s DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Biomass Energy Feedstock Conversion Products 1 Corn Ethanol White Corn Fermentation + Ethanol + Feed 2 Cellulosic Ethanol Plant Fiber Enzymes + Ethanol + Fiber 3 Thermo-chemical Eth. Biomass Gasification + FT Ethanol + Heat 4 Biodiesel Soybeans Extraction + Biodiesel + Feed 5 BTL Fuels, “Synfuels” Biomass Gasification + FT Fuel + Chemicals 6 Landfill Biogas Biomass Decay + Capture + Methane +(CNG) 7 Cow Power - biogas Farm Waste Biodigestion + Methane + Fertilizer 8 Sludge Power Sludge Gasification + Power or Fuel + 9 Algal Fuel CO2 + NPK Grow + Extraction BioFuel + Fiber 10 Waste to Hydrogen Urea Store + Electrolysis Hydrogen

Ethanol is Mainstream ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ohio Corn Growers’ Association DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Thermo-chemical Ethanol is Emerging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dec 2, 2008: Lake County (IN) Solid Waste Management District approved a contract to provide trash to Powers Energy One of IN. The plan for gasification would use heat to combust municipal waste into gas. Company officials say they’ll employ about 100 people at the plant, which would produce about 70 gallons of ethanol for every ton of garbage. http://biomassrules.com/BurningBioNews/?cat=22 DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Biodiesel & BTL Fuels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Biopower ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Sludge Power – Municipal Source ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 2007 - The Solid Waste Processing Division (SWPD) of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

New Additions, OH Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Feedstock – Cultivated v. Waste Sources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Ohio’s Waste-to-Energy Potential ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Secret Stash: Ohio’s waste-to-energy potential may not be obvious. Companies’ waste volumes are not readily disclosed.

5. BTL Fuels Potential DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Ethanol & BTL (WTE) Potential ( with 1 CTL plant) Sources Est. Total Tons/yr Conversion to Vol./Ton Total Vol Value @ $2 Value @ $4 Baard CTL/BTL n/a 53k bbl/day 4 @ 42gal 800m gpy $1.6B/yr $3.2B 41 MSW 1 12.5M 1 Ton = c. 1 Barrel 500m gpy $1B/yr $2B Import MSW 5M 3 Ethanol-100gal 500M gpy $1B/yr $2B CTL/BTL $3.6B/yr $7.2B (Biodiesel TBD) Ethanol (Corn & Cellulosic) $5.04 $10.1 Biofuels Total $8.64B $17.3B 1,3 - OH EPA

Conversion Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Products Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Economics Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Current Funding Opportunities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

Top Ten Ohio Projects- 2009 Straw-Man List for Discussion/Evaluation DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Biomass Energy Project Top Candidates Jobs 1 Corn Ethanol 150 tons CDS Distribution (6, 8) OARDC 12 2 Cellulosic Ethanol 3 Corn Cob Storage/Processing ODA/POET 30 3 Genahol 2ton/day Genahol NE Ohio (9) EPA 100 4 Biodiesel 4mgy Ohio Plant ODOD/XYZ Co. 40 5 BTL Fuels, “Synfuels” Baard BTL Extension (9) Battelle/Baard 100 6 Landfill Biogas 1 replica SWACO CNG EPA/Landfill 20 7 Cow Power – biogas Large Dairy Digester + (9, 10) OARDC 20 8 Sludge Power Akron WWTP extension (9, 10) EPA 40 9 Algal Fuel 100 Photobioreactors (3,4,6,8) AV/OH Stimulus 40 10 Ammonia to Hydrogen Dairy & WWTP ATH (6, 8) OU/NNLX 6

9. Algal Fuel Projects- 2009+ DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Project Project Top Candidates 1 100 Photobioreactors 5 Arrays at 5 Co-generation Sites Athens 2 Pilot Algae production at waste sources Dairy, Ethanol Plant Coal Power Plant TBD by fit to feedstock, researchers 3 Algal Fuel Refinery Algal Oil to JP8 Wright-Pat 4 100 Photobioreactors Next Generation, Next Site “ First Acre” Project TBD by fit to feedstock, commercial logistics 5 Algae Co-product Development Develop co-products from valuable algal residues. BioOhio, OBIC, OARDC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

10. Top Waste-to-H2 Projects- 2009+ DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302 Project Project Top Candidates 1 Zoo urea to hydrogen Ammonia to H2 @ Zoo Zoo/NNLX 2 Dairy urea to hydrogen Ammonia to H2 @ Dairy Dairy/American H2 3 Waterless Urinals to Hydrogen Largest waterless urinal building in Ohio Leading OEM 4 Next Ammonia-to-Hydrogen (ATH) Waste Beverages, NNLX technology Leading H2 Aggregator 5 Next WTH Next source, next technology Next H2 Supply Lead 6 Next WTH Next source, next technology TBD by commercial fit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Acronyms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DRAFT - (c) 2009 Edgewater Research, Gambier, Ohio PO Box 481 4302

011009.Public Ohio Biomass Update Draft.8a

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011009.Public Ohio Biomass Update Draft.8a