Agricultural methods; technology in agriculture; irrigation methods

1. Types of Agriculture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. TO DEFINE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF AGRICULTURE
2. TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT FACTORS AFFECTING THESE
TYPES OF AGRICULTURE

2. Terrace Farming
• Terrace farming consists of building a series of step like benches. These
benches are supported by either sod or stone walls. Each level slows
the flow of water runoff, slowing the erosion process.
• They also bring into tillage areas that formerly could not be farmed.
• Much of the rice that comes from Vietnam, Thailand, and other
Southeast Asian countries is grown on terraces.

3. Extensive Agriculture
• is an agricultural production system that uses
small inputs of labour, fertilizers, and capital,
relative to the land area being farmed. It most
commonly refers to sheep and cattle farming
in areas with low agricultural productivity

4. Slash and Burn Agriculture
• Conversion of forests for agricultural lands is the most
important cause of deforestation in the tropics.

5. Agriculture
Agriculture includes both subsistence agriculture, which is producing enough
food to meet the needs of people and also the production of financial income
from cultivation of the land or commercial raising of animals. Better
management of soil nutrients, and improved weed control have greatly
increased yields per acre. At the same time, use of mechanization has
decreased labor requirements, releasing most of the populace from intense
agricultural labor.

6. Growing Population
• Food security
• “produce more food in the next 50 years than the
last 10,000”
• 24,000 people die each day from hunger
• This is down 40% from 20 years ago

7. Technologies in Modern Agriculture
• GPS Systems
• Pinpoint fertilizer applications based on yields
• Improved seed technologies decrease need for pesticides/
herbicides
• A combine with GPS system- Rs. 2,61,00,000 base price

8. Steps Of Farming
• Preparation of soil
• Sowing
• Adding Manure Or Fertilizers To Soil
• Irrigation
• Harvesting & Storing

9. Preparation of soil
• Preparation of soil is the first step before growing crop. One of the
most important task in agriculture is to turn the soil and loosened it.
This Allows the roots penetrate deep onto the soil. The loosened soil
helps microbes like earthworm which helps in making soil fertile.

10. Sowing of seeds
• Sowing is most important part of crop production. Before sowing,
good quality seeds are selected. Good quality seeds are clean and
healthy seeds of a good variety. Farmers prefer to use seeds which
give a high yield.

11. Adding Manure Or Fertilizers To Soil
• The substance which is added to the soil in the form of nutrient for
the healthy growth plants are called manure and fertilizers. Soil
supplies mineral and nutrients to the crop. These nutrients are
important for the growth of the plant.

12. Irrigation
• The supply of the water to crops at the different intervals is called
irrigation. Wells, tube wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams and canals
are some sources of irrigation.

13. Irrigation
• Sprinkler system is more useful on the uneven land where sufficient
water is not available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating
nozzles on the top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular
intervals . When water is allowed to escape from the rotating
nozzles. It gets sprinkled on the crop as if it is raining.

14. Irrigation
• Drip Irrigation is the system in which the water falls drop by drop
just at the position of the roots. It is the best technique for watering
fruit plants, gardens and trees.

16. Harvesting
• Harvesting of a crop is an important task. The cutting of crop after
its mature is harvesting. In harvesting, crop are pulled or cut close to
ground. It usually takes 3 to 4 months for a cereal crop to mature.

17. Storing
• Storage of an product is an important task. If the crop grains are to
be safe from moisture, Insects, rats and microorganisms. The fresh
crop has more moisture. If freshly harvested grains are stored
without drying, they may get spoilt by organisms loosing their
germination capacity. Hence, Before storing grains dry them
properly in the sun.

18. Thank You
• Name: Aryan Chauhan
• Class: VIII B
• Roll No: 19