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2. The Land of the Free
Thailand

3. Why ―Land of Free?‖
Because through diplomacy the former Kings of
Thailand managed to keep Thailand from being
colonized by the superpowers then. France, Britain,
Portugal, Netherlands were all in the land claiming
days and all countries were taken except Thailand
which remained free and independent.
Thai means free, as in independent.
It was once an uncolonised nation, unlike the other SE
Asian countries.
Because in Thai the name means "land of the free".

4. Thailand ,officially the Kingdom of
Thailand, formerly known as Siam , is a
country located at the centre of
the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.
It is bordered to the north
by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos
and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of
Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by
the Andaman Sea and the southern
extremity of Burma.

5. HISTORY

6. After the fall of the Khmer Empire in the
13th century, various states thrived there,
such as the
various Tai, Mon, Khmer and Malay
kingdoms, as seen through the numerous
archaeological sites and artifacts that are
scattered throughout the Siamese
landscape. Prior to the 12th century
however, the first Thai or Siamese state is
traditionally considered to be
the Buddhist kingdom of Sukhothai, which
was founded in 1238.

7. Following the decline and fall of the Khmer
empire in the 13th–15th century, the
Buddhist Tai kingdoms of
Sukhothai, Lanna and Lan Xang (now
Laos) were on the ascension. However, a
century later, the power of Sukhothai was
overshadowed by the new kingdom of
Ayutthaya, established in the mid-14th
century in the lower Chao Phraya
River or Menam area.

8. The Southern Region

9. Thailand controlled the Malay Peninsula as far
as Malacca in the 1400s and held much of the
peninsula, including Temasek (Singapore) some
of the Andaman Islands and a colony on Java,
but eventually failed when the British used
force to guarantee their suzerainty over the
sultanate.
Mostly the northern states of the Malay
Sultanate presented annual gifts to the Thai
king in the form of a golden flower — a
gesture of tribute and an acknowledgement of
vassalage

10. The Malay peninsula provinces were
infiltrated by the Japanese during World
War II, and by the Malayan
Communist Party (CPM) from 1942
to 2008, when they decided to sue for
peace with the Malaysian and Thai
governments after the CPM lost its
support from Vietnam and China
subsequent to the Cultural Revolution.

11. Military
The Royal Thai Armed Forces Day is celebrated on
18 January, commemorating the victory of King
Naresuan the Great in battle against the Crown
Prince of Burma in 1593.

12. The Royal Thai Armed
Forces constitute the military of the
Kingdom of Thailand. They consist of
the Royal Thai Army the Royal Thai
Navy and the Royal Thai Air Force .It
also incorporates
various paramilitary forces.
Currently, the Royal Thai Armed
Forces has a combined manpower of
about 800,000 personnel.

13. The Head of the Thai Armed Forces is
King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX),
although this position is only nominal. The
Armed Forces is managed by the Ministry
of Defense of Thailand, which is headed by
the Minister of Defense (a member of the
Cabinet of Thailand) and commanded by
the Royal Thai Armed Forces
Headquarters, which in turn is headed by
the Chief of Defense Forces of Thailand.

14. According to the constitution, serving in the Armed
Forces is a duty of all Thai citizens. However, only
males over the age of 21, who have not gone through
reserve training of the Army Reserve Force
Students, are given the option of whether they want to
volunteer for the armed forces, or choose the random
draft. The candidates are subjected to varying lengths
of training, from six months to two years of full-time
service, depending on their education, whether they
have partially completed the reserve training course,
and whether they volunteered prior to the drafting date
(usually 1 April every year).

15. Geography
Totaling 513,120 square kilometers (198,120 sq mi), Thailand is the
world's 51st-largest country by total area. It is slightly smaller than
Yemen and slightly larger than Spain.

16. Thailand is home to several distinct geographic
regions, partly corresponding to the provincial
groups. The north of the country is the
mountainous area of the Thai highlands, with the
highest point being Doi Inthanon in the
Thanon Thong Chai Range at 2,565 metres
(8,415 ft) above sea level. The northeast, Isan,
consists of the Khorat Plateau, bordered to the
east by the Mekong River. The centre of the
country is dominated by the predominantly flat
Chao Phraya river valley, which runs into the
Gulf of Thailand.

17. Southern Thailand consists of the narrow
Kra Isthmus that widens into the Malay
Peninsula. Politically, there are six
geographical regions which differ from the
others in population, basic resources,
natural features, and level of social and
economic development.
The diversity of the regions is the most
pronounced attribute of Thailand's physical
setting

18. Education
Thailand enjoys a high level of literacy, and education is
provided by a well-organized school system of
kindergartens, primary, lower secondary and upper
secondary schools, numerous vocational colleges, and
universities.

19. Teaching relies heavily on rote rather than
on student-centered methodology. The
establishment of reliable and coherent
curricula for its primary and secondary
schools is subject to such rapid changes
that schools and their teachers are not
always sure what they are supposed to be
teaching, and authors and publishers of
textbooks are unable to write and print new
editions quickly enough to keep up with the
volatile situation.

20. Internet
In Bangkok, there are 23,000 free Wi-Fi internet
hotspots provided to the public. The Internet in
Thailand also consists of 10Gbit/s high speed fiber-
optic lines that can be leased and ISP's such as KIRZ
that provide residential internet services

21. Language
The official language of Thailand is Central
Thai, a Tai–Kadai language predominant of
Southern Thai and closely related to Lanna, Lao,
Shan in Burma, and numerous smaller languages
spoken in an arc from Hainan and Yunnan south
to the Chinese border

22. Religion
The most common religion is Theravada Buddhism.
Thai Buddhism ranks amongst the highest in the
world. According to the last census (2000) 94.6% of
the total population are Buddhists of the Theravada
tradition. Muslims are the second largest religious
group in Thailand at 4.6%. The southern tip of
Thailand is mostly ethnically Malay, and most Malays
are Sunni Muslims. Christians represent 0.7% of the
population.

23. Culture
Thai culture has been shaped by many
influences, including Indian, Lao, Burmese,
Cambodian, and Chinese.

24. Its traditions incorporate a great deal of
influence from India, China, Cambodia, and the
rest of Southeast Asia.
Thailand's national religion Theravada
Buddhism is important to modern Thai identity.
Thai Buddhism has evolved over time to include
many regional beliefs originating from
Hinduism, animism as well as ancestor worship.
The official calendar in Thailand is based on the
Eastern version of the Buddhist Era, which is
543 years ahead of the Gregorian (western)
calendar. For example, the year AD 2012 is
2555 BE in Thailand.

25. Sports
Muay Thai is a native form of kickboxing and
Thailand's national sport. It incorporates kicks,
punches, knees and elbow strikes in a ring with
gloves similar to those used in Western boxing
and this has led to Thailand gaining medals at the
Olympic Games in boxing.

26. Takraw is a sport native to Thailand, which
the players hit a rattan ball and only be
allowed to use their feet, knees, chest and
head to touch the ball. Sepak takraw is a
form of this sport which appears in
volleyball style, the players must volley a
ball over a net and force it to hit the ground
on opponent's side. It is a popular in other
countries in Southeast Asia also. A rather
similar game but played only with the feet
is Buka ball.

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