1. King James, Charles I and Oliver Cromwell

2.  Elizabeth I had no
children
 James now must deal
with Parliament
 Money issues
 Calvinist and did not act
against catholic church
 Upset Puritans of
Parliament
 King James Bible

3.  Son of James I
 Needed money
 War with Spain and
France
 Dissolved parliament
when they refused to
raise the taxes
 1628 recalls parliament
 Forced to sign Petition of
Rights

4.  Could not jail without due cause
 No taxes without Parliament’s consent
 No quartering soldiers
 No martial law in peace time
 Charles ignored after he got his money
 Challenged DIVINE RIGHT and ABSOLUTISM

5.  Religion causes problems
 Charles offends Puritans
 Formal prayer book
 Forces Scots to use same prayer book
 Threaten to invade England
 Charles again needs money
 Parliament has to be called

6.  Enacts laws to limit king’s power
 Charles tries to arrest Parliament leaders
 They Escaped
 Mob of Londoners attack the palace
 Charles flees north to raise an army

7.  Charles Supporters were Royalists or Cavaliers
 Parliament supporters called Roundheads
 Led by Oliver Cromwell
 Capture Charles and try and convict him of
Treason
 Sentence him to death
 Revolutionaries to try, convict, and kill a King

9.  Abolishes Monarchy and House of Lords
 Establishes a republic
 Drafts first written constitution of any
European State
 Cromwell tears up and rules as military dictator
 Rebellion in Ireland breaks out and Cromwell
invades
 Enforce Puritan Morality through laws
 Religious toleration for all Christians but Catholics

10.  After Cromwell dies Charles II is asked to return
to the throne
 Restores entertainment lost under Puritan rule
 Habeas Corpus
 Every prisoner has the right to obtain a writ ordering
them before a judge
 Heir for Charles II a Catholic
 James II his brother

11.  Whigs oppose James because of his religion
 Tories support James
 James flaunts Catholicism and appoints
Catholics to high positions in government
 Dissolves Parliament when they protest
 Fear of Catholic rule of England
 Glorious Revolution kicked James out with help
from William of Orange from the Netherlands.

12.  James II older daughter Mary (protestant)
married William
 7 members of Parliament ask them to
overthrow James to prevent Catholic rule
 William leads army to London and James flees
to France
 Glorious Revolution because it was bloodless!

13.  Constitutional Monarchy
 Bill of Rights
 NO suspending Parliament’s laws
 NO levying taxes without Parliament's consent
 NO interfering with freedom of speech of
Parliament
 NO penalty for a citizen who petitions the King
with a grievance
 Cabinet system develops when a group of
ministers for parliament are link to King

14. 1. How was England controlled during this time?
2. Give a point-by-point breakdown of the key events of
the Civil War
3. What was Charles I tried for? What happened to him?
4. What did the Barebones Government ban?
5. What post did the people want Cromwell to take?
Why is that ironic?
6. What happened to the government after his death?
What changes were made?