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10 Myths of  Rapid Development Steve McConnell © 2000-2001.  All Rights Reserved. Construx Delivering Software Project Success
Myth #1 Rapid Development  is a New Issue
Rapid Development Has Been an Issue for 30 Years! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why Do We Need  Rapid Development? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Let’s walk our way through a typical project:
Why Do We Need  Rapid Development? (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],6. Team adds features that were missed when    requirements work was skipped    The project gets later
Why Do We Need  Rapid Development? (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],8. Team fixes the bugs created by the quick and dirty workarounds    The project gets later
Myth #2   Productivity Is About the Same at Every Company
Productivity Varies a Lot ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #3 Working Hard Promotes Rapid Development
Old Saying ,[object Object]
Microsoft Changed the Old Saying to... ,[object Object]
Amazon.com Changed the Saying to... ,[object Object],[object Object]
Reality Check:  Project Resolutions
Reality Check:  Typical Project Resolutions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bottom Line  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #4 Short Estimates Produce Short Projects
Effect of Estimation Accuracy 100% >100% < 100% Target as a Percentage of Nominal Estimate   Overestimation Underestimation Cost Effort Schedule Linear impact due to Parkinson’s Law Non-linear impact due to planning errors, upstream defects, high-risk practices
Short Estimates Increase Cost and Schedule ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
Improved Estimation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #5 You Can Trade-Off Quality for Schedule or Cost
Cost of Quality ,[object Object]
Late Defect Correction is Expensive  Phase That a  Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed  design Construction Release 50-200X 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 50-200X 1X
Fix More Defects Earlier! Phase That a  Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed  design Construction Release 50-200X 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 50-200X 1X Fix Here Not Here
Reduce Defect Cost Increase! Phase That a  Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed  design Construction Release 10X? 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 10X? 1X
[object Object],Cost of Quality
Cost of Quality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #6   Customers and Management Want Rapid Development
Speed-Oriented  Practices 6 Months:  Nominal Schedule Competitor will release next version of their product Average Project “ Rapid” Project Risk of Overrun
Risk-Oriented Practices 6 Months:  Nominal Schedule Beginning of Holiday Sales Season or Trade Show Average Project “ Rapid” Project Risk of Overrun
Visibility-Oriented Practices 6 Months:  Nominal Schedule Risk of Overrun Average Project “ Rapid” Project Project review meeting where project is cancelled due to general nervousness
Myth #7 Smart Programmers Exert the Biggest Productivity Impact
A Lot of Truth to This ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What if... ,[object Object],[object Object]
What if... ,[object Object],[object Object]
What if… ,[object Object],[object Object]
Smart Individuals Don’t Guarantee Rapid Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #8 Software Processes Apply Only to Large, Old-Fashioned, Bureaucratic Projects
Telcordia  (assessed at CMM Level 5) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Good Processes are Based on Common Sense Source: Telcordia Technologies: The Journey to High Maturity, Bill Pitterman, IEEE Software, July 2000 Quality Creative Chaos Mindless Chaos Mindless Bureaucracy Yes No Yes No Documented Process Common Sense
Myth #9 Systematic Development Approaches Hurt Morale
Effect of Process on Morale ,[object Object]
What’s Really Bad for Morale? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reports from Process-Intensive Companies ,[object Object],[object Object]
Reports from Process-Intensive Companies ,[object Object],[object Object]
Myth #10 Development in  “Internet Time” is Faster  Than Old Fashioned Development
Key Question ,[object Object]
Traditional Estimate Effort Program Size Traditional  Estimated Effort
Traditional Results Effort Program Size Actual Effort Traditional  Estimated Effort
“Internet Time” Estimate Traditional  Estimated Effort Effort Program Size “ Internet Time”  Estimate Actual Effort
Internet Time Results Effort Program Size Internet Time Effort Traditional  Estimated Effort “ Internet Time”  Estimate
What’s Really Changed?
1980 ,[object Object],[object Object]
1990 ,[object Object],[object Object]
2000 ,[object Object],[object Object]
2001 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Construx Services ,[object Object]

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Myths

  • 1. 10 Myths of Rapid Development Steve McConnell © 2000-2001. All Rights Reserved. Construx Delivering Software Project Success
  • 2. Myth #1 Rapid Development is a New Issue
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Myth #2 Productivity Is About the Same at Every Company
  • 8.
  • 9. Myth #3 Working Hard Promotes Rapid Development
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Reality Check: Project Resolutions
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Myth #4 Short Estimates Produce Short Projects
  • 17. Effect of Estimation Accuracy 100% >100% < 100% Target as a Percentage of Nominal Estimate Overestimation Underestimation Cost Effort Schedule Linear impact due to Parkinson’s Law Non-linear impact due to planning errors, upstream defects, high-risk practices
  • 18.
  • 19. Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
  • 20. Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
  • 21. Improved Estimation From a set of U.S. Air Force projects
  • 22.
  • 23. Myth #5 You Can Trade-Off Quality for Schedule or Cost
  • 24.
  • 25. Late Defect Correction is Expensive Phase That a Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Release 50-200X 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 50-200X 1X
  • 26. Fix More Defects Earlier! Phase That a Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Release 50-200X 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 50-200X 1X Fix Here Not Here
  • 27. Reduce Defect Cost Increase! Phase That a Defect Is Created Cost to Correct Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Requirements Architecture Detailed design Construction Release 10X? 1X Phase That a Defect Is Corrected 10X? 1X
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Myth #6 Customers and Management Want Rapid Development
  • 31. Speed-Oriented Practices 6 Months: Nominal Schedule Competitor will release next version of their product Average Project “ Rapid” Project Risk of Overrun
  • 32. Risk-Oriented Practices 6 Months: Nominal Schedule Beginning of Holiday Sales Season or Trade Show Average Project “ Rapid” Project Risk of Overrun
  • 33. Visibility-Oriented Practices 6 Months: Nominal Schedule Risk of Overrun Average Project “ Rapid” Project Project review meeting where project is cancelled due to general nervousness
  • 34. Myth #7 Smart Programmers Exert the Biggest Productivity Impact
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. Myth #8 Software Processes Apply Only to Large, Old-Fashioned, Bureaucratic Projects
  • 41.
  • 42. Good Processes are Based on Common Sense Source: Telcordia Technologies: The Journey to High Maturity, Bill Pitterman, IEEE Software, July 2000 Quality Creative Chaos Mindless Chaos Mindless Bureaucracy Yes No Yes No Documented Process Common Sense
  • 43. Myth #9 Systematic Development Approaches Hurt Morale
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48. Myth #10 Development in “Internet Time” is Faster Than Old Fashioned Development
  • 49.
  • 50. Traditional Estimate Effort Program Size Traditional Estimated Effort
  • 51. Traditional Results Effort Program Size Actual Effort Traditional Estimated Effort
  • 52. “Internet Time” Estimate Traditional Estimated Effort Effort Program Size “ Internet Time” Estimate Actual Effort
  • 53. Internet Time Results Effort Program Size Internet Time Effort Traditional Estimated Effort “ Internet Time” Estimate
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Churchill Joke -- “Churchill was asked if he didn’t start to get a big head because…” Woody Allen “We need the eggs” joke? -- seems appropriate for the “myths” topic Need to get Albertus font installed on this machine
  2. These mistakes have been made so often and by so many different people that they deserve to be called ‘classics’.
  3. These mistakes have been made so often and by so many different people that they deserve to be called ‘classics’.
  4. These mistakes have been made so often and by so many different people that they deserve to be called ‘classics’.
  5. From “A Correlational Study of the CMM and Software Development Performance” Dr. Patricia K. Lawlis, Capt. Robert M. Flowe, and Capt. James B. Thordahl , CrossTalk, September 1995
  6. From “A Correlational Study of the CMM and Software Development Performance” Dr. Patricia K. Lawlis, Capt. Robert M. Flowe, and Capt. James B. Thordahl , CrossTalk, September 1995
  7. From “A Correlational Study of the CMM and Software Development Performance” Dr. Patricia K. Lawlis, Capt. Robert M. Flowe, and Capt. James B. Thordahl , CrossTalk, September 1995
  8. Message: it’s more important to get the right requirements than...
  9. Message: it’s more important to get the right requirements than...
  10. 5 Why did I change the subtitle of the talk to “Taming Wild Software Schedules?” Why not just call it “Developing as Fast as Possible?” It’s because it turns out that there is a lot more to rapid development than all-out development speed.  Kinds of Effective, Schedule-Oriented Practices  Speed-Oriented Practices (Do 12 month project in 9 months) ( Evolutionary Prototyping, RDLs, Timeboxing, Outsourcing ) These are clearly needed, as the introduction illustrated.  Schedule-Risk Practices (Contain 12 month project to 12 months) ( Change Board, Top 10 risks list, Design for Change ) These practices are for damage containment—for preventing big overruns Visibility-Oriented Practices ( Evidence that 12 month project will take 12 months) ( Miniature Milestones, Staged Delivery, Project Status on Intranet )  This is how organizations choose ill-suited practices They choose speed-oriented practices when what they really need to do is manage risk better, etc. The bottom line is that you need to employ all three kinds of practices within a well-considered framework
  11. 5 Why did I change the subtitle of the talk to “Taming Wild Software Schedules?” Why not just call it “Developing as Fast as Possible?” It’s because it turns out that there is a lot more to rapid development than all-out development speed.  Kinds of Effective, Schedule-Oriented Practices  Speed-Oriented Practices (Do 12 month project in 9 months) ( Evolutionary Prototyping, RDLs, Timeboxing, Outsourcing ) These are clearly needed, as the introduction illustrated.  Schedule-Risk Practices (Contain 12 month project to 12 months) ( Change Board, Top 10 risks list, Design for Change ) These practices are for damage containment—for preventing big overruns Visibility-Oriented Practices ( Evidence that 12 month project will take 12 months) ( Miniature Milestones, Staged Delivery, Project Status on Intranet )  This is how organizations choose ill-suited practices They choose speed-oriented practices when what they really need to do is manage risk better, etc. The bottom line is that you need to employ all three kinds of practices within a well-considered framework
  12. 5 Why did I change the subtitle of the talk to “Taming Wild Software Schedules?” Why not just call it “Developing as Fast as Possible?” It’s because it turns out that there is a lot more to rapid development than all-out development speed.  Kinds of Effective, Schedule-Oriented Practices  Speed-Oriented Practices (Do 12 month project in 9 months) ( Evolutionary Prototyping, RDLs, Timeboxing, Outsourcing ) These are clearly needed, as the introduction illustrated.  Schedule-Risk Practices (Contain 12 month project to 12 months) ( Change Board, Top 10 risks list, Design for Change ) These practices are for damage containment—for preventing big overruns Visibility-Oriented Practices ( Evidence that 12 month project will take 12 months) ( Miniature Milestones, Staged Delivery, Project Status on Intranet )  This is how organizations choose ill-suited practices They choose speed-oriented practices when what they really need to do is manage risk better, etc. The bottom line is that you need to employ all three kinds of practices within a well-considered framework