1. The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Diseases of the bones and joints

5. Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

7. Classification of Bones on the Basis of Shape

21. Common Types of Fractures

22. Stages in the Healing of a Bone Fracture

23. Axial skeleton supports and protects organs of head, neck and trunk Axial skeleton: skull (cranium and facial bones) hyoid bone (anchors tongue and muscles associated with swallowing) vertebral column (vertebrae and disks) bony thorax (ribs and sternum) Appendicular skeleton includes bones of limbs and bones that anchor them to the axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton: pectoral girdle (clavicles and scapulae) upper limbs (arms) pelvic girdle (sacrum, coccyx) lower limbs (legs) Articulation- where joints meet, connect, and are formed.

24. 22 bones in skull 6 in middle ears 1 hyoid bone 26 in vertebral column 25 in thoracic cage 4 in pectoral girdle 60 in upper limbs 60 in lower limbs 2 in pelvic girdle 206 bones in all

27. The Axial Skeleton

28. The skull 8 sutured bones in cranium Facial bones: 13 sutured bones, 1 mandible Cranium encases brain attachments for muscles sinuses

30. Bones of the Skull

31. Allows for growth

32. Human Skull, Superior View

33. Human Skull, Inferior View Figure 5.9

37. Vertebral column 7 cervial vertebrae 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 1 sacrum (5 fused 1 coccyx (4 fused) Vertebrae vary in size and morphology

39. Structure of a Typical Vertebrae

40. Thoracic cage ribs thoracic vertebrae sternum costal cartilages True ribs are directly attached to the sternum (first seven pairs) Three false ribs are joined to the 7 th rib Two pairs of floating ribs

49. The Synovial Joint

50. Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape

51. Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape

53. Arthritis

113. Bone Marrow Biopsy