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Polish astronomer,[object Object],Nicolaus Copernicus,[object Object]
Personal,[object Object]
Birth,[object Object],Nicolaus was born on February 9, 1473. ,[object Object],He was born in Torun, a city in Poland.,[object Object]
Family,[object Object],His father’s name was Nicolaus and he worked as a merchant and baker.,[object Object],His mother’s name was Barbara Watzenrode.,[object Object],She  was the daughter of a wealthy Torun merchant.,[object Object],He had two sisters and one brother.,[object Object],His brother was named Andreas and became an Augustinian canon at Frombork.,[object Object],One of his sisters was named Katharina and married Barthel Gertner, leaving five children for Nicolaus to look after.,[object Object],His other sister was Barbara and she became a Benedictine nun.,[object Object]
Childhood,[object Object],Nicolaus’s mother died when Nicolaus was very young.,[object Object],His father died when he was 10, and Nicolaus was sent to live with his uncle, Lucas Watzenrode.,[object Object]
Education,[object Object]
College,[object Object],He went to the University of Cracow from 1491-1494.,[object Object],He studied liberal arts (astronomy and astrology) there.,[object Object],He didn’t finish his degree and left to go the University of Bologna. ,[object Object],He went there in 1496 to study church law,[object Object],Then he went to Italy to continue his studies at the University of Padua.,[object Object],He went to Italy for medical studies in 1501-1503.,[object Object]
Teachers,[object Object],He lived with a with the principal astronomer of the University of Bologna.,[object Object],His name was Domencio Maria de Novara.,[object Object],Nicolaus was an “assistant and witness” for some of Novara’s observations.,[object Object],He helped another teacher build a sundial while in Italy.,[object Object],The teachers name was Abstemius.,[object Object]
Learning,[object Object],He read that a man, Aristarchus, said the Earth travels around the Sun and the Earth does spin.,[object Object],His teachers told him that the world couldn’t move and that Earth was the center of the universe.,[object Object],He finished college in 1506.,[object Object]
Professional,[object Object]
His work,[object Object],Astronomical work took place in his spare time.,[object Object],He worked at the Church as a canon, collecting rents, securing military defenses, and managing bakeries, mills, and breweries.,[object Object]
Observations,[object Object],One of his observations was dated June 5, 1512. That night he observed Mars, which was in the midst of one of its backward loops. As usual he wondered: Why does the red planet do that?,[object Object],He discovered that Earth must not be standing still. The planets, including Earth, must orbit the Sun. Mars moves slower than earth because Earth is closer to the Sun.,[object Object]
Accomplishments,[object Object],He received a doctorate in May 1503 at the University of Ferrara.,[object Object],In 1514, he was invited to offer his opinion on the critical problem of the reform of the calendar at the church's Fifth Laternal Council.,[object Object],He wrote a booklet about his theory called Little Commentary.,[object Object],The Church still believed the Earth was the center of the universe, so he had to make small copies for close friends.,[object Object],For 30 years, he wrote and rewrote his great work. He wanted to publish it, but kept delaying for fear of punishment by the Church.,[object Object],Copernicus had a serious heart condition and decided to publish his book before he died. He died a few hours after he was handed the first copy.,[object Object]
Death,[object Object],Nicolaus Died on May 24, 1543 at the age of 70.,[object Object]
Quotations and Opinions,[object Object]
“I felt bad for Copernicus because although the Church believed otherwise, his theory turned out to be right. I know that Galileo proved Copernicus's theory, but Copernicus didn't really get as much credit. He didn't even have any family left, so even if he had gotten money from his book, no one was there to take it.”,[object Object]
The End,[object Object]

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Nicolaus copernicus

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