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Antiquities, artifacts and art
objects – the main target for
various illegal, immoral and
       illicit activities
     Dr. Maria Păuceanu
           E-mail:
 mariapauceanu@gmail.com
Causes for stealing AAA
• -    obtaining finances for operations, illegal transactions
  (commerce with drugs, guns, terrorism, etc)
• -    snobbery and various collectionars unscrupulous
• -    high price of these objects on black market
• -    the use of these for money laundry purpose, to
  obtain not deserved benefits ( to receive rewards,
  ransom, etc)
• -    to obtain financial resources tax- free and quickly to
  satisfy some luxurious caprices
• -    other causes of ideological, economic, social or
  personal nature
TOP 10 – THE LIST OF THE
   MOST FAMOUS ART
  OBJECTS STOLEN AND
 NOT RECOVERED UNTILL
          NOW
1. Rembrandt, The Storm on the Sea of
                  Galilee
In march 1990, Isabella Stewart
   Gardner Museum from Boston
   was robbered by two unknown
   men. The thefts took away
   works of art with 300 millions
   dollars value.
 Among these works of art:
Vermeer, The Concert,
Rembrandt, A Lady and
   Gentleman in Black;
Rembrandt, The Storm on the
   Sea of Galilee;
Rembrandt, Self-Portrait;
Govaert Flinck, Landscape with
   Obelisk;
Monet, Chez Tortoni.
2. Caravaggio, Nativity with San Lorenzo
and San Francesco.
In October 1969, two thefts
   robbered San Lorenzo
   Oratory Museum from
   Palermo, Italy and took
   away the painting from its
   frame. The estimated
   value of this work of art is
   $ 20 million.
3. Van Gogh, View of the Sea at
                          Scheveningen
In December 2002, two thefts
    entered through the roof in
    Vincent van Gogh Museum
    from Amsterdam.
In few minutes, those two thefts
    took away two paintings: Van
    Gogh - View of the Sea at
    Scheveningen and
    Congregation Leaving the
    Reformed Church in Nuenen,
    evaluated $ 30 million.
The police succeeded in arresting
    two men who were arrested
    and condemned for this theft,
    but the paintings were not
    recovered until now.
4. Cezanne, View of Auvers-sur-Oise

In December 31st, 1999, during
   the fireworks which were
   announcing the new
   millennium, one unknown man
   entered in Ashmolean
   Museum, Oxford, England,
   and took away the landscape
   painted by Cezanne, View of
   Auvers-sur-Oise.
The painting was evaluated at 3
   million pounds, and it is a very
   important work of art, showing
   the transition towards
   Cezanne’s mature painting.
5. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU
MUSEUM , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Salvador Dali, 1929,
  Two Balconies
Measures: 23.5 cm x
  34.5 cm
Inventory No. MCC
  430
The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU
Museum, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Henri Matisse, 1905,
  Luxembourg Garden
  Measures: 40.5 cm x
  32 cm
Inventory No. MCC
  425
The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU
    MUSEUM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Pablo Picasso, 1956,
  Dance
Measures: 100 cm x 81
  cm
Inventory No. MCC
  406
The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU
    MUSEUM , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Claude Monet,
  1880-1890, Marine
Measures: 65 cm x 91
  cm
Inventory No. MCC
  424
The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU
    MUSEUM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
In February 24th, 2006, around 4:00 PM,
  four works of art were took away
  among other objects from Chacara do
  Ceu Museum, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by
  four armed men. The value of stolen
  objects couldn’t be yet estimated.
6. Davidoff-Morini Stradivarius
Davidoff-Morini Stradivarius
In October 1995, the thefts of
   Stradivarius violin was reported in
   New York, value $ 3 millions, from
   Erica Morini’s apartment, a famous
   violinist. The violin was made in 1727
   by Antonio Stradivari, nowadays
   being known as Davidoff – Morini
   Stradivarius.
7. GERTRUDE VANDERBILT WHITNEY
MURALS
GERTRUDE VANDERBILT WHITNEY
MURALS
In July 2002, two oil paintings created by
    Maxfield Parrish were stolen during a theft
    from a West Hollywood Gallery, California.
    The paintings are two panels from a series
    created for NY 5th Avenue home belonging
    to Mme. Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney. The
    paintings were cut off from their frame
    during the theft.
The value of these two paintings is estimated $
    4 millions.
8. THE ROBBERY FROM E.G. Biihrle
Collection, Zurich, Switzerland.
Four work of art were stolen during an
  armed robbery in February 10th, 2008
  from E.G. Biihrle Collection, Zurich.
  Two works of art were recovered, but
  two are still missing and are
  described in the following slides.
Paul Cezanne, Boy in the Red Vest
Paul Cezanne, Boy in
  the Red Vest,

Description: 1894/95,
 oil on canvas, 80 cm
 x 64.5 cm
Edgar Degas, Count Lepic and His
                              Daughters
Edgar Degas, Count
  Lepic and His
  Daughters,

Description: c. 1871,
 oil on canvas, 65.5
 cm x 81 cm
9. Van Mieris, A Cavalier
In June 10th, 2007, “A Cavalier”,
   a self-portrait in oil on wood,
   work of art created by Earl
   Master Frans Van Mieris, was
   stolen from Art Gallery in New
   South Wales, Sydney,
   Australia.
The work of art was stolen while
   the gallery was open for public.
The portrait measures 20 cm x
   16 cm, and its value is
   estimated to over a million
   dollars.
.
10. Iraqi artifacts token away from
    archaeological chanters and museums

In July 25th, 2006, ICE
    announced the
    recovery of King
    Entemena from
    Lagash statue, one of
    the most important
    artifacts stolen from
    Iraqi National Museum
    in 2003. It was
    returned to the Iraqi
    government during a
    ceremony held at
    Washington.
THOUGHTS UPON THIS ISSUE

Several countries, especially emergent ones,
  are the target of works of art, religious
  artifacts and antiquities systematic robbery,
  at large scale (Iraq, Egypt, Afghanistan, Iran,
  Syria, Romania, etc). The authorities are or
  incapable to deal with this systematic
  robberies of cultural history and memory of
  the nation or not interested to solve this
  phenomena, from various reasons.
References
• www.fbi.gov , accessed in 01.02.2012
• Author experience

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Antiquities, artifacts and art objects – the main target for various illegal, immoral and illicit activities

  • 1. Antiquities, artifacts and art objects – the main target for various illegal, immoral and illicit activities Dr. Maria Păuceanu E-mail: mariapauceanu@gmail.com
  • 2. Causes for stealing AAA • - obtaining finances for operations, illegal transactions (commerce with drugs, guns, terrorism, etc) • - snobbery and various collectionars unscrupulous • - high price of these objects on black market • - the use of these for money laundry purpose, to obtain not deserved benefits ( to receive rewards, ransom, etc) • - to obtain financial resources tax- free and quickly to satisfy some luxurious caprices • - other causes of ideological, economic, social or personal nature
  • 3. TOP 10 – THE LIST OF THE MOST FAMOUS ART OBJECTS STOLEN AND NOT RECOVERED UNTILL NOW
  • 4. 1. Rembrandt, The Storm on the Sea of Galilee In march 1990, Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum from Boston was robbered by two unknown men. The thefts took away works of art with 300 millions dollars value. Among these works of art: Vermeer, The Concert, Rembrandt, A Lady and Gentleman in Black; Rembrandt, The Storm on the Sea of Galilee; Rembrandt, Self-Portrait; Govaert Flinck, Landscape with Obelisk; Monet, Chez Tortoni.
  • 5. 2. Caravaggio, Nativity with San Lorenzo and San Francesco. In October 1969, two thefts robbered San Lorenzo Oratory Museum from Palermo, Italy and took away the painting from its frame. The estimated value of this work of art is $ 20 million.
  • 6. 3. Van Gogh, View of the Sea at Scheveningen In December 2002, two thefts entered through the roof in Vincent van Gogh Museum from Amsterdam. In few minutes, those two thefts took away two paintings: Van Gogh - View of the Sea at Scheveningen and Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church in Nuenen, evaluated $ 30 million. The police succeeded in arresting two men who were arrested and condemned for this theft, but the paintings were not recovered until now.
  • 7. 4. Cezanne, View of Auvers-sur-Oise In December 31st, 1999, during the fireworks which were announcing the new millennium, one unknown man entered in Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, England, and took away the landscape painted by Cezanne, View of Auvers-sur-Oise. The painting was evaluated at 3 million pounds, and it is a very important work of art, showing the transition towards Cezanne’s mature painting.
  • 8. 5. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU MUSEUM , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Salvador Dali, 1929, Two Balconies Measures: 23.5 cm x 34.5 cm Inventory No. MCC 430
  • 9. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU Museum, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Henri Matisse, 1905, Luxembourg Garden Measures: 40.5 cm x 32 cm Inventory No. MCC 425
  • 10. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU MUSEUM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Pablo Picasso, 1956, Dance Measures: 100 cm x 81 cm Inventory No. MCC 406
  • 11. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU MUSEUM , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Claude Monet, 1880-1890, Marine Measures: 65 cm x 91 cm Inventory No. MCC 424
  • 12. The robbery from CHACARA DO CEU MUSEUM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil In February 24th, 2006, around 4:00 PM, four works of art were took away among other objects from Chacara do Ceu Museum, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by four armed men. The value of stolen objects couldn’t be yet estimated.
  • 14. Davidoff-Morini Stradivarius In October 1995, the thefts of Stradivarius violin was reported in New York, value $ 3 millions, from Erica Morini’s apartment, a famous violinist. The violin was made in 1727 by Antonio Stradivari, nowadays being known as Davidoff – Morini Stradivarius.
  • 15. 7. GERTRUDE VANDERBILT WHITNEY MURALS
  • 16. GERTRUDE VANDERBILT WHITNEY MURALS In July 2002, two oil paintings created by Maxfield Parrish were stolen during a theft from a West Hollywood Gallery, California. The paintings are two panels from a series created for NY 5th Avenue home belonging to Mme. Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney. The paintings were cut off from their frame during the theft. The value of these two paintings is estimated $ 4 millions.
  • 17. 8. THE ROBBERY FROM E.G. Biihrle Collection, Zurich, Switzerland. Four work of art were stolen during an armed robbery in February 10th, 2008 from E.G. Biihrle Collection, Zurich. Two works of art were recovered, but two are still missing and are described in the following slides.
  • 18. Paul Cezanne, Boy in the Red Vest Paul Cezanne, Boy in the Red Vest, Description: 1894/95, oil on canvas, 80 cm x 64.5 cm
  • 19. Edgar Degas, Count Lepic and His Daughters Edgar Degas, Count Lepic and His Daughters, Description: c. 1871, oil on canvas, 65.5 cm x 81 cm
  • 20. 9. Van Mieris, A Cavalier In June 10th, 2007, “A Cavalier”, a self-portrait in oil on wood, work of art created by Earl Master Frans Van Mieris, was stolen from Art Gallery in New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. The work of art was stolen while the gallery was open for public. The portrait measures 20 cm x 16 cm, and its value is estimated to over a million dollars. .
  • 21. 10. Iraqi artifacts token away from archaeological chanters and museums In July 25th, 2006, ICE announced the recovery of King Entemena from Lagash statue, one of the most important artifacts stolen from Iraqi National Museum in 2003. It was returned to the Iraqi government during a ceremony held at Washington.
  • 22. THOUGHTS UPON THIS ISSUE Several countries, especially emergent ones, are the target of works of art, religious artifacts and antiquities systematic robbery, at large scale (Iraq, Egypt, Afghanistan, Iran, Syria, Romania, etc). The authorities are or incapable to deal with this systematic robberies of cultural history and memory of the nation or not interested to solve this phenomena, from various reasons.
  • 23. References • www.fbi.gov , accessed in 01.02.2012 • Author experience