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“ Solving our Water and Global Warming Emergencies Using Subsurface Storage” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Presentation by Chris J. Brown, Ph.D., P.E.,  May 2009 Dis
Who is Chris Brown? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Chris Brown? – A bit of Academic History Graduated HS in 1987 and earned full-tuition academic scholarship to Temple U; Graduated Temple in 1991 and  won senior civil engineering student  & senior project awards; Went to Villanova for Masters Degree at night and graduated in 1997; Worked full-time and carried full academic load at UF to earn Ph.D.
Who is Chris Brown? – A bit of Work History Worked for U.S. Army Corps of Eng in Philadelphia from 1991 to 1999; Worked for Corps in Jacksonville  from 1999 to 2006; Worked for Golder from 2006 to present; ??
Range of Professional Experience COMPREHENSIVE  EVERGLADES  RESTORATION  PLAN
Technical Expertise Communication Skills Leadership Skills MY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL Led me to go back to Villanova and then UF;  This in turn  pointed me to my Research interests….
ASR and CCS My interest in ASR and CCS was  Prompted by my love of  Groundwater hydrology….. ASR CCS
What is ASR ? Source: Groundwater or Surface Water Recovered Water to Users Or Environment Surficial Aquifer
Why ASR ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Begin with the End in Mind” – ASR Uses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Bit of ASR History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ASR Project Data Seattle, WA Portland, OR Salem, OR Beaverton, OR Calleguas, CA Alamogordo Highlands Ranch, CO Denver South, CO Myrtle Beach, SC Charleston, SC Hilton Head, SC Tampa Palm Bay Peace River Hialeah Boynton  Beach International Sites Lytchett Minster, England Windhoek, Namibia Andrews Farm, Australia   Clayton, Australia Washoe County, NV Salt Lake City, UT Lancaster, CA Las Vegas, NV Norfolk, VA Chesapeake, VA Wildwood Willunga, Australia Bolivar, Australia ## Northern India Florida Sites Broward County Lee County Olga Springtree Delray Beach Eastern Hillsboro Fiveash Manatee Rd Huron, SD Ankeny, IA Green Bay, WI Oak Creek, WI Lee County Cocoa Beach Ft. Myers St. Lucie Shell Creek Wichita San Antonio
ASR Suitability Index – Used to Find Ideal Site for projects
ASR Myths ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ASR Myths ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Giardia E. coli Cryptosporidium parvum Disinfection  By-Products Potential Water Quality Issues
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Must Also Evaluate Geochemical Issues Surficial Aquifer Confining Layer Storage Aquifer POSSIBLE REACTIONS Bio-fouling Suspended Solids Clogging Mixing   Zone Mixing Zone Native Water Native Water
Linking ASR and Reservoirs
Linking ASR and Reservoirs Res Storage Vol Time Use ASR Wells to “add capacity” to existing Reservoirs…
Example ASR Storage Allocation ASR Storage Allocation (MG)
Time for the Quiz ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No
Greenhouse Gas/Carbon Capture& Sequestration 101
Much recent activity regarding Global  Warming… KYOTO Treaty
Source: Chicago Climate Exchange (2006) Over 10 million metric tons traded 2006 Cost Per Metric Ton Industry Legislative Actions and Agendas
Why CCS ? ,[object Object],[object Object],Sources: DOE – EIA; World Resources Inst.
Scientists Think GHG = Global Warming GHG = Greenhouse Gases 1 2 3 4
What is CCS ? ,[object Object],Separation/Compression Transport Emission Source Storage Reforestation Soil sequestration Geologic sequestration Ocean sequestration Mineralization
Distribution of Fixed CO 2  emissions Source: Gale (2002)
This is a Global Problem….
Carbon Capture Concepts Source: Thambimuthu et al. (2001) Post Capture Pre Capture
Carbon Storage Potential Source: Gale (2002)
 
CO 2  Storage Suitability Source: Gale (2002)
CO 2  Storage Suitability Source: Karstad (2001) Potential Storage Repository Areas
Siting and Permitting Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Could also develop CCS Suitability Index
Cost of Abatement Source: McKinsey & Co. Most options for the power sector are costly
Tools – Models and Simulation Spreadsheet Spreadsheet with Crystal Ball Goldsim  Optimization Continuum of Approaches
Modeling of Subsurface Storage Zone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example Model Input  And Output Event Based and Stochastic Model (Goldsim) Simulation
From Peter Cook, CO2CRC Locations of Existing CCS Projects
Response Alternatives
Questions ? ,[object Object]

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Unf Research Presentation

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. Who is Chris Brown? – A bit of Academic History Graduated HS in 1987 and earned full-tuition academic scholarship to Temple U; Graduated Temple in 1991 and won senior civil engineering student & senior project awards; Went to Villanova for Masters Degree at night and graduated in 1997; Worked full-time and carried full academic load at UF to earn Ph.D.
  • 4. Who is Chris Brown? – A bit of Work History Worked for U.S. Army Corps of Eng in Philadelphia from 1991 to 1999; Worked for Corps in Jacksonville from 1999 to 2006; Worked for Golder from 2006 to present; ??
  • 5. Range of Professional Experience COMPREHENSIVE EVERGLADES RESTORATION PLAN
  • 6. Technical Expertise Communication Skills Leadership Skills MY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL Led me to go back to Villanova and then UF; This in turn pointed me to my Research interests….
  • 7. ASR and CCS My interest in ASR and CCS was Prompted by my love of Groundwater hydrology….. ASR CCS
  • 8. What is ASR ? Source: Groundwater or Surface Water Recovered Water to Users Or Environment Surficial Aquifer
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. ASR Project Data Seattle, WA Portland, OR Salem, OR Beaverton, OR Calleguas, CA Alamogordo Highlands Ranch, CO Denver South, CO Myrtle Beach, SC Charleston, SC Hilton Head, SC Tampa Palm Bay Peace River Hialeah Boynton Beach International Sites Lytchett Minster, England Windhoek, Namibia Andrews Farm, Australia Clayton, Australia Washoe County, NV Salt Lake City, UT Lancaster, CA Las Vegas, NV Norfolk, VA Chesapeake, VA Wildwood Willunga, Australia Bolivar, Australia ## Northern India Florida Sites Broward County Lee County Olga Springtree Delray Beach Eastern Hillsboro Fiveash Manatee Rd Huron, SD Ankeny, IA Green Bay, WI Oak Creek, WI Lee County Cocoa Beach Ft. Myers St. Lucie Shell Creek Wichita San Antonio
  • 13. ASR Suitability Index – Used to Find Ideal Site for projects
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Giardia E. coli Cryptosporidium parvum Disinfection By-Products Potential Water Quality Issues
  • 17.
  • 18. Linking ASR and Reservoirs
  • 19. Linking ASR and Reservoirs Res Storage Vol Time Use ASR Wells to “add capacity” to existing Reservoirs…
  • 20. Example ASR Storage Allocation ASR Storage Allocation (MG)
  • 21.
  • 22. Greenhouse Gas/Carbon Capture& Sequestration 101
  • 23. Much recent activity regarding Global Warming… KYOTO Treaty
  • 24. Source: Chicago Climate Exchange (2006) Over 10 million metric tons traded 2006 Cost Per Metric Ton Industry Legislative Actions and Agendas
  • 25.
  • 26. Scientists Think GHG = Global Warming GHG = Greenhouse Gases 1 2 3 4
  • 27.
  • 28. Distribution of Fixed CO 2 emissions Source: Gale (2002)
  • 29. This is a Global Problem….
  • 30. Carbon Capture Concepts Source: Thambimuthu et al. (2001) Post Capture Pre Capture
  • 31. Carbon Storage Potential Source: Gale (2002)
  • 32.  
  • 33. CO 2 Storage Suitability Source: Gale (2002)
  • 34. CO 2 Storage Suitability Source: Karstad (2001) Potential Storage Repository Areas
  • 35.
  • 36. Cost of Abatement Source: McKinsey & Co. Most options for the power sector are costly
  • 37. Tools – Models and Simulation Spreadsheet Spreadsheet with Crystal Ball Goldsim Optimization Continuum of Approaches
  • 38.
  • 39. Example Model Input And Output Event Based and Stochastic Model (Goldsim) Simulation
  • 40. From Peter Cook, CO2CRC Locations of Existing CCS Projects
  • 42.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. 4 4 About 60% of the ASR sites store surface water following treatment, and the remainder store groundwater from other aquifers, or the same aquifer at a different location. Storage zones are usually confined aquifers, but a few are unconfined shallow aquifers. Storage zone depths range from 200 ft to 2600 ft. Storage zone lithologies include sand, sandstone, clayey sand, limestone, dolomite, glacial drift, alluvial, basalt, … Bubbles of stored water usually don’t extend more than a few hundred feet around each ASR well, and they tend to stay close to the well during storage and recovery. Natural groundwater movement is usually just a few feet per year.
  2. Possible reactions that may occur near and away from the borehole
  3. ASR is by no means a trivial component of the Restudy The Restudy team correctly made some conservative assumptions regarding the level of pretreatment prior to ASR storage. Lessons learned from operational testing of the pilot ASR systems will allow refinement of these treatment assumptions. Aeration will increase dissolved oxygen
  4. ASR is by no means a trivial component of the Restudy The Restudy team correctly made some conservative assumptions regarding the level of pretreatment prior to ASR storage. Lessons learned from operational testing of the pilot ASR systems will allow refinement of these treatment assumptions. Aeration will increase dissolved oxygen
  5. ASR is by no means a trivial component of the Restudy The Restudy team correctly made some conservative assumptions regarding the level of pretreatment prior to ASR storage. Lessons learned from operational testing of the pilot ASR systems will allow refinement of these treatment assumptions. Aeration will increase dissolved oxygen
  6. Sources & Notes: All data is for 2000. All calculations are based on CO2 equivalents, using 100-year global warming potentials from the IPCC (1996), based on a total global estimate of 41,755 MtCO2 equivalent. Land use change includes both emissions and absorptions; see Chapter 16. See Appendix 2 for detailed description of sector and end use/activity definitions, as well as data sources. Dotted lines represent flows of less than 0.1% percent of total GHG emissions.
  7. Sources & Notes: WRI based on IEA, 2004b. Shares are based on gigawatt hours of generation.
  8. Carbon capture and storage is the process of collecting CO2 and potentially other greenhouse gases at source, transporting it via a variety of modes, but primarily by pipeline, and injecting the CO2 into geologic strata or deep saline aquifers.