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National Civic Summit - The Measure of America - Sarah Burd-Sharps, Kristen Lewis & Eduardo Borges Martins
Possible Benefits of a New Approach

• This well-honed international tool reveals new
  insights when applied to the United States.
• Could promote a more informed, reasoned debate
  using objective facts and comparisons.
• Economic indicators only tell part of the story.
• Empowers people with an instrument to hold elected
  officials accountable.
• Connects research to action on well-being.




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   2
What is
Human Development?
The human development approach was developed at the
United Nations in the late 1980’s, based in part on the work
of Harvard economist and Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen.

Human development is defined as a process of enlarging
people’s freedoms and opportunities and improving their
well-being.

This approach is a response to the failure of purely
economic metrics to capture how people are faring.

THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   4
Human Development Concept




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   5
Measuring Human Development




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   6
Top-Ranked Countries in Human Development
                    1980–2005




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   7
What the
HD Index Reveals
Historical Trends in Human Development
                                           Lifespan
                                           increase
                         Steady                                      Rate                                               Progress
                                              d by
                        progress                                    doubles                                              stalled
                                             eight
                                             years

                               LIFE EXPECTANCY          AT LEAST     AT LEAST    GRADUATE OR       SCHOOL        MEDIAN
              AMERICAN HD         AT BIRTH            HIGH SCHOOL   BACHELOR’S   PROFESSIONAL   ENROLLMENT     EARNINGS
   YEAR          INDEX               (YEARS)          DIPLOMA (%)   DEGREE (%)    DEGREE (%)         (%)     (2005 DOLLARS)



   2005          5.05               77.9                84.2           27.2         10.0           86.8        27,299


   2000          4.67               77.0                80.4           24.4          8.9           82.8        27,382


   1990          3.82               75.4                75.2           20.3          7.2           80.8        23,164


   1980          2.86               73.7                66.5           16.2          5.6           71.9        21,432


   1970          2.10               70.8                52.3           10.7          3.6           73.3        20,613


   1960          1.23               69.7                41.1            7.7          2.5           76.9        15,732




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                                          9
STATE MAP

              American Human Development Index

                                                                             The U.S. Human
                                                                           Development Index is
                                                                                  5.06



                                                                                                  TOP:

                                                                                                  CT




                                                                       BOTTOM:

                                                                        MS

THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                10
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP

               American Human Development Index

                                                                            The U.S. Human
                                                                          Development Index is
                                                                                 5.06


                                                                                                  TOP:
                                                                                                 CD 14
                                                                                                  NY

BOTTOM:
CD 20
 CA




 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                    11
BOTTOM



         Comparing a resident of Rankin to one in
           Panola Coahoma:

         • Lifespan:
           6 years longer

         • High school graduation:
 TOP       twice as likely to complete

         • Earnings:
           over $12,000 more
STATE MAP

                                               Health Index
                                              Life Expectancy at Birth


                                                                         The U.S. Life
                                                                         Expectancy is
                                                                             78



                                                                                         BOTTOM:

                                                                                         DC
                                                                                         73.8




                                                   TOP:

                                                   HI
                                                  81.7
THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                          13
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP

                                               Health Index
                                              Life Expectancy at Birth


                                                                              The U.S. Life
                                                                              Expectancy is
                                                                                   78



                                                                                               TOP:
                                                                                              CD 8,
                                                                                               VA
                                                                                              82.9




                                                                         BOTTOM:
                                                                         CD 5,
                                                                          KY
                                                                         72.6
THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                  14
Life Expectancy by Race/Ethnicity




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
Infant Death Rate, Mississippi
Global Health Comparisons, Healthcare Spending




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
Global Health Comparisons: Life Expectancy




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
Health

We have the medical knowledge to transform asthma from a
fatal disease to a manageable chronic illness. But
compounded layers of advantage/disadvantage result in very
different life chances:
STATE MAP

                                          Education Index
                              Educational Attainment and School Enrollment


                                                                             The U.S. Education
                                                                                  Index is
                                                                                   5.04




                                                                                                  TOP:

                                                                                                  DC




                                                                       BOTTOM:

                                                                        MS

THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                     20
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP

                                           Education Index
                               Educational Attainment and School Enrollment


                                                                                  The U.S. Education
                                                                                       Index is
                                                                                        5.04




 TOP:
CD 30,
 CA




                                                                        BOTTOM:
                                                                        CD 29,
                                                                         TX
 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                                  21
THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   22
GLOBAL COMPARISON

            Upper Secondary Graduation Rate, 2004




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   23
STATE MAP
               BOTTOM:                        Income Index
                MT          Median Earnings for the Population 16 and Older
               $22K

                                                                       The U.S. Median
                                                                         Earnings are
                                                                        $27,299




                                                                                         TOP:

                                                                                          DC
                                                                                         $37K




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                            24
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP

                                                 Income Index
                               Median Earnings for the Population 16 and Older


                                                                            The U.S. Median
                                                                              Earnings are
                                                                             $27,299



                                                                                               TOP:
                                                                                              CD 14,
                                                                                               NY
                                                                                              $51K

BOTTOM:
CD20,
 CA
$17K




   THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                          25
Median Earnings by Race



                      Whites with the lowest
                      income are still
                      better off than the
                      vast majority of
                      African Americans.
THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   27
Share of Household Income by Quintile, 2006




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   28
Median Net Worth, by Race




THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009   29
What will it take to boost
     HD scores?
Who’s poor in America? Poverty among elderly
     and kids has declined dramatically
8-Point Human Development Agenda


                             1. Promote prevention.
                             2. Make health care affordable for all Americans.

                             •      Modernize K–12 education.
                             •      Invest in at-risk kids, the earlier the better.

                             •      Strengthen and support families.
                             •      Boost incomes and aid asset-building.

                             •      Launch a Marshall Plan for the Gulf.
                             •      Take responsibility for the most vulnerable.

THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009                  32
Thank You!


 www.measureofamerica.org

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National Civic Summit - The Measure of America - Sarah Burd-Sharps, Kristen Lewis & Eduardo Borges Martins

  • 2. Possible Benefits of a New Approach • This well-honed international tool reveals new insights when applied to the United States. • Could promote a more informed, reasoned debate using objective facts and comparisons. • Economic indicators only tell part of the story. • Empowers people with an instrument to hold elected officials accountable. • Connects research to action on well-being. THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 2
  • 4. The human development approach was developed at the United Nations in the late 1980’s, based in part on the work of Harvard economist and Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen. Human development is defined as a process of enlarging people’s freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. This approach is a response to the failure of purely economic metrics to capture how people are faring. THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 4
  • 5. Human Development Concept THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 5
  • 6. Measuring Human Development THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 6
  • 7. Top-Ranked Countries in Human Development 1980–2005 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 7
  • 9. Historical Trends in Human Development Lifespan increase Steady Rate Progress d by progress doubles stalled eight years LIFE EXPECTANCY AT LEAST AT LEAST GRADUATE OR SCHOOL MEDIAN AMERICAN HD AT BIRTH HIGH SCHOOL BACHELOR’S PROFESSIONAL ENROLLMENT EARNINGS YEAR INDEX (YEARS) DIPLOMA (%) DEGREE (%) DEGREE (%) (%) (2005 DOLLARS) 2005 5.05 77.9 84.2 27.2 10.0 86.8 27,299 2000 4.67 77.0 80.4 24.4 8.9 82.8 27,382 1990 3.82 75.4 75.2 20.3 7.2 80.8 23,164 1980 2.86 73.7 66.5 16.2 5.6 71.9 21,432 1970 2.10 70.8 52.3 10.7 3.6 73.3 20,613 1960 1.23 69.7 41.1 7.7 2.5 76.9 15,732 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 9
  • 10. STATE MAP American Human Development Index The U.S. Human Development Index is 5.06 TOP: CT BOTTOM: MS THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 10
  • 11. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP American Human Development Index The U.S. Human Development Index is 5.06 TOP: CD 14 NY BOTTOM: CD 20 CA THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 11
  • 12. BOTTOM Comparing a resident of Rankin to one in Panola Coahoma: • Lifespan: 6 years longer • High school graduation: TOP twice as likely to complete • Earnings: over $12,000 more
  • 13. STATE MAP Health Index Life Expectancy at Birth The U.S. Life Expectancy is 78 BOTTOM: DC 73.8 TOP: HI 81.7 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 13
  • 14. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP Health Index Life Expectancy at Birth The U.S. Life Expectancy is 78 TOP: CD 8, VA 82.9 BOTTOM: CD 5, KY 72.6 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 14
  • 15. Life Expectancy by Race/Ethnicity THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
  • 16. Infant Death Rate, Mississippi
  • 17. Global Health Comparisons, Healthcare Spending THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
  • 18. Global Health Comparisons: Life Expectancy THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009
  • 19. Health We have the medical knowledge to transform asthma from a fatal disease to a manageable chronic illness. But compounded layers of advantage/disadvantage result in very different life chances:
  • 20. STATE MAP Education Index Educational Attainment and School Enrollment The U.S. Education Index is 5.04 TOP: DC BOTTOM: MS THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 20
  • 21. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP Education Index Educational Attainment and School Enrollment The U.S. Education Index is 5.04 TOP: CD 30, CA BOTTOM: CD 29, TX THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 21
  • 22. THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 22
  • 23. GLOBAL COMPARISON Upper Secondary Graduation Rate, 2004 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 23
  • 24. STATE MAP BOTTOM: Income Index MT Median Earnings for the Population 16 and Older $22K The U.S. Median Earnings are $27,299 TOP: DC $37K THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 24
  • 25. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT MAP Income Index Median Earnings for the Population 16 and Older The U.S. Median Earnings are $27,299 TOP: CD 14, NY $51K BOTTOM: CD20, CA $17K THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 25
  • 26. Median Earnings by Race Whites with the lowest income are still better off than the vast majority of African Americans.
  • 27. THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 27
  • 28. Share of Household Income by Quintile, 2006 THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 28
  • 29. Median Net Worth, by Race THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 29
  • 30. What will it take to boost HD scores?
  • 31. Who’s poor in America? Poverty among elderly and kids has declined dramatically
  • 32. 8-Point Human Development Agenda 1. Promote prevention. 2. Make health care affordable for all Americans. • Modernize K–12 education. • Invest in at-risk kids, the earlier the better. • Strengthen and support families. • Boost incomes and aid asset-building. • Launch a Marshall Plan for the Gulf. • Take responsibility for the most vulnerable. THE MEASURE OF AMERICA | AMERICAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2008–2009 32