Implication of rh and qc on information security sharad nalawade(author)
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Presented by Sharad Nalawade, author of best seller "The Speed of Time" at CISO Platform Annual Summit, 2013.
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Implication of rh and qc on information security sharad nalawade(author)
- 1. Implication of Riemann Hypothesis and Quantum Computers on Information Security Sharad B Nalawade Author of The Speed of Time
- 2. Is Public Key Encryption safe? • RSA’s PKE uses One-way function/Primes to secure data. • Prime numbers seem to occur randomly. As of Oct, 2013, largest prime number is 257,885,161 − 1. It has 17,425,170 digits! • E-commerce depends on primes to secure data. • E.g. it is very easy to multiply two primes together, but very difficult to factorise the product without knowing one of the primes. (One-way or Trapdoor function) • We don’t have a mathematical version of the chemical spectrometer – given a molecule, it shows its atoms. So, given a complex number, can a formula show its prime number factors?
- 3. Riemann Hypothesis In 1859 Riemann gave a mathematical function, called the Riemann zeta function, which calculates number of primes below a given number.
- 4. So, what’s the problem? • The idea is that if RH is true, then there could be a possibility of developing an algorithm to factorize a given complex number into its primes in polynomial time. • According to RSA paper, there is no method currently available to do this in the polynomial time. • Can a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis break our security systems? A million dollar question! • Riemann Hypothesis can be solved by using only a midsize Quantum Computer. • This may spell disaster to RSA algorithm used for encryption of internet data!
- 5. Quantum Computers • Based on Quantum Physics or Quantum Mechanics Phenomena – Superposition and Entanglement. • Quantum computers (QC) use Qubits unlike bits. • A 30-Qubit QC runs 150 times faster than 2.5 GHx Intel i7 processor. • A 250-Qubit QC can represent 1075 states simultaneously. (more than the number of atoms on the visible universe!) • RSA is no longer safe if QC is built! • Integer factorization is computationally feasible on QC using Shor’s algorithm in polynomial time.
- 8. Avoiding disaster • Quantum Key distribution (QKD) based on Quantum Entanglement principle. • Eavesdropping leads to quantum de-coherence. • D-Wave, Microsoft, Google, NASA & many are investing in QC research. • The future of information security belongs to the Quantum computers! • QKD promises unconditional security to the internet transactions.